Expert consensus on a multidisciplinary approach for the management of multiple myeloma-related bone disease.

This consensus on multiple myeloma-related bone diseases (MBDs) underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach that encompasses hematology, radiology, orthopedics, and additional specialties to tackle its intricate challenges. MBD, a prevalent and debilitating complication of multiple myeloma, leads to bone pain, fractures, and skeletal-related events (SREs), which profoundly impact patients' quality of life. The guidelines offer a thorough framework for diagnosis, treatment, and continual assessment, emphasizing early detection and consistent monitoring using imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Trajectory tracking and obstacle avoidance in dynamic environments using an improved artificial potential field method.

Ensuring that a robot employing demonstration learning models can simultaneously achieve accurate trajectory tracking of demonstrated paths and effective avoidance of moving obstacles in dynamic environments remains a critical research challenge. This paper proposes a real-time trajectory planning framework based on an enhanced artificial potential field (APF) approach to address this dual-objective problem. Specifically, the proposed method deploys a sequence of virtual target points along the demonstrated trajectory to guarantee both path-following precision and goal convergence for robotic systems.

amplification and fusion in -amplified low-grade osteosarcoma.

Aims: Glioma-associated oncogene homologue 1 () was recently shown to be coamplified with mouse double minute 2 (), cyclin-dependent kinase 4 () and some other adjacent genes in a significant subset of -altered mesenchymal tumours and well-differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcomas, which are characterised by amplification. Given that is also amplified in low-grade osteosarcoma (LGOS), we investigated the prevalence of amplifications/fusions in a series of 15 cases of -amplified LGOS, an area that has not been previously explored.

Methods: This study conducted a retrospective analysis and examined amplifications/fusions in 15 cases of -amplified LGOS and 46 cases of other bone tumours and tumour-like lesions using fluorescence in situ hybridisation with a amplification probe and a break-apart probe.

Hip structural analysis parameters are not associated with the risk of postmenopausal female second hip fracture: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Postmenopausal female patients with a history of a single hip fracture are at higher risk of a second fracture. The poorer clinical outcomes of this patient group warrants evaluating the risk of experiencing a second hip fracture. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of hip structural analysis (HSA) in assessing the risk of second hip fracture in postmenopausal females.

Decreased muscle strength and thigh muscle area assessed with CT imaging in older Chinese adults with long duration of type 2 diabetes.

Objective: We aimed to compare muscle strength, physical performance, and muscle parameters in non-diabetic and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) older adults and to determine the association of the duration of diabetes with these outcomes.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting: The China Action on Spine and Hip Status study (CASH).

Comparison of clinical and pathological features between patients of SAPHO syndrome with different microbiological findings in bone biopsy.

Objectives: To elucidate the existence of bacteria in situ and its influence on the clinical and pathological features of synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome.

Methods: A total of 34 patients diagnosed with SAPHO syndrome were allocated to two groups (bacterial positive and bacterial negative) based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) and microbiological culture through CT guided percutaneous puncture. The clinical characteristics, biochemical markers, imaging data, and pathological results of the patients were analysed and compared between the two groups.

Is Magnetic Resonance Imaging Able to Provide Specific Diagnoses? A Case Report of Clear Cell Sarcoma of Soft Tissue in the First Metacarpal of the Hand.

Introduction: Clear cell sarcoma (CCS) of the soft tissue is a type of tumor that primarily affects the deep soft tissues of the extremities and trunk. We report a case of CCS of soft tissue arising in the first metacarpal of the hand, focusing on the imaging features of CCS combined with the clinicopathological and immunological results.

Case Presentation: In this case, computed tomography images showed a soft tissue mass at the first metacarpal, with heterogeneous density, unclear boundaries, and bone destruction.

Real-Time Trajectory Smoothing and Obstacle Avoidance: A Method Based on Virtual Force Guidance.

In dynamic environments, real-time trajectory planners are required to generate smooth trajectories. However, trajectory planners based on real-time sampling often produce jerky trajectories that necessitate post-processing steps for smoothing. Existing local smoothing methods may result in trajectories that collide with obstacles due to the lack of a direct connection between the smoothing process and trajectory optimization.

Age and BMI have different effects on subcutaneous, visceral, liver, bone marrow, and muscle adiposity, as measured by CT and MRI.

Objective: We analyzed quantitative computed tomography (CT) and chemical shift-encoded magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from a Chinese cohort to investigate the effects of BMI and aging on different adipose tissue (AT) depots.

Methods: In 400 healthy, community-dwelling individuals aged 22 to 83 years, we used MRI to quantify proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of the lumbar spine (L2-L4) bone marrow AT (BMAT), the psoas major and erector spinae (ES) muscles, and the liver. Abdominal total AT, visceral AT (VAT), and subcutaneous AT (SAT) areas were measured at the L2-L3 level using quantitative CT.

Risk prediction of second hip fracture by bone and muscle density of the hip varies with time after first hip fracture: A prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Predictors of 'imminent' risk of second hip fracture are unknown. The aims of the study were to explore strength of hip areal bone mineral density (aBMD), and muscle area and density for predicting second hip fracture at different time intervals.

Methods: Data of the Chinese Second Hip Fracture Evaluation were analyzed, a longitudinal study to evaluate the risk of second hip fracture (of the contralateral hip) by using CT images obtained immediately after first hip fracture.

Deep Learning-Based Fully Automated Segmentation of Regional Muscle Volume and Spatial Intermuscular Fat Using CT.

Rationale And Objectives: We aim to develop a CT-based deep learning (DL) system for fully automatic segmentation of regional muscle volume and measurement of the spatial intermuscular fat distribution of the gluteus maximus muscle.

Materials And Methods: A total of 472 subjects were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of three groups: a training set, test set 1, and test set 2. For each subject in the training set and test set 1, we selected six slices of the CT images as the region of interest for manual segmentation by a radiologist.

Muscle size and density are independently associated with death after hip fracture: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Mortality following hip fracture is high and incompletely understood. We hypothesize that hip musculature size and quality are related to mortality following hip fracture. This study aims to investigate the associations of hip muscle area and density from hip CT with death following hip fracture as well as assess the dependence of this association on time after hip fracture.

Greater bone marrow fat and myosteatosis are associated with lower vBMD but not asymptomatic vertebral fracture.

Objectives: Organ fat may affect bone metabolism and be associated with vertebral fracture (VF). This study aimed to explore relationships between VF, adiposity indexes measured by MRI, and volumetric BMD (vBMD) measured by quantitative CT (QCT).

Methods: Four hundred volunteers, ranging in age from 22 to 83 years, were recruited and underwent same-day abdominal QCT and chemical shift-encoded (CSE) MRI.

Muscle density is an independent risk factor of second hip fracture: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Patients with a first hip fracture are at high risk of fracturing their other hip. Despite this, preventive therapy is often not given. Because little is known about specific risk factors of a second hip fracture, we investigated the association with areal bone mineral density (aBMD), muscle size, and density.

Differences in Hip Geometry Between Female Subjects With and Without Acute Hip Fracture: A Cross-Sectional Case-Control Study.

Background And Purpose: Although it is widely recognized that hip BMD is reduced in patients with hip fracture, the differences in geometrical parameters such as cortical volume and thickness between subjects with and without hip fracture are less well known.

Materials And Methods: Five hundred and sixty two community-dwelling elderly women with hip CT scans were included in this cross-sectional study, of whom 236 had an acute hip fracture. 326 age matched women without hip fracture served as controls.

Dedifferentiated Central Chondrosarcoma: A Clinical, Histopathological, and Immunohistochemical Analysis of 57 Cases.

Dedifferentiated central chondrosarcoma (DCCS) is a rare cartilage tumor with invasive biological behavior and a poor prognosis. To better understand the morphological characteristics of this type of tumor and its internal mechanism of dedifferentiation, we retrospectively analyzed 57 cases of DCCS. A total of 29 female and 28 male patients were included, ranging in age from 20 to 76 years, with a median age of 54 years.

High-Grade Surface Osteosarcoma: Clinical Features and Oncologic Outcome.

Background: High-grade surface osteosarcoma is an extremely rare subtype of osteosarcoma. The treatment outcome for this tumor varies in different centers.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of high-grade surface osteosarcoma; clinical, radiological, and histological materials were reviewed.

Muscle density discriminates hip fracture better than computed tomography X-ray absorptiometry hip areal bone mineral density.

Background: Muscle weakness is a key factor in the increase risk of falls and might also play a significant role in the increase of risk of hip fracture. Computed tomography-measured muscle size and muscle density are well-established imaging biomarkers used in studies of physical function, frailty or cancer, but limited to hip fracture. In particular, it is warranted to have a better understanding of the performance of muscle size and density in the discrimination of acute hip fractures.

Associations of Muscle Size and Density With Proximal Femur Bone in a Community Dwelling Older Population.

Muscle weakness and bone fragility are both associated with hip fracture. In general, muscle contractions create forces to the bone, and bone strength adapts to mechanical loading through changes in bone architecture and mass. However, the relationship between impairment of muscle and bone function remain unclear.

Muscle Density, but Not Size, Correlates Well With Muscle Strength and Physical Performance.

Objectives: There is increasing evidence that muscle volume and mass are poor predictors of muscle strength and physical performance. Other assessments of muscle quality such as skeletal muscle density measured by computed tomography (CT) may be more important. The aim of this study was to explore associations of muscle size and density with handgrip strength (HGS) and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG).

Lack of periosteal apposition in the head and neck of femur after menopause in Chinese women with high risk for hip fractures - A cross-sectional study with QCT.

In elderly subjects and in particular in those with osteoporosis the evidence on age related volume changes of the hip is still very limited. Even less is known about bone changes of the femoral head. The aim of this study is to explore associations of bone size of the femoral head and neck with age in postmenopausal women with very high risk of hip fracture and to investigate associations of femoral head and neck bone mineral density.

Hip Fracture Discrimination Based on Statistical Multi-parametric Modeling (SMPM).

Studies using quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and data-driven image analysis techniques have shown that trabecular and cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) can improve the hip fracture prediction of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry areal BMD (aBMD). Here, we hypothesize that (1) QCT imaging features of shape, density and structure derived from data-driven image analysis techniques can improve the hip fracture discrimination of classification models based on mean femoral neck aBMD (Neck.aBMD), and (2) that data-driven cortical bone thickness (Ct.

The spatial differences in bone mineral density and hip structure between low-energy femoral neck and trochanteric fractures in elderly Chinese using quantitative computed tomography.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in bone mineral density (BMD) and hip structure between femoral neck and trochanteric fractures in elderly Chinese individuals using quantitative computed tomography (QCT). A total of 625 Chinese patients (mean age 75.8 years) who sustained low-energy hip fractures (female: 293 femoral neck, 175 trochanteric; male: 82 femoral neck, 75 trochanteric) were recruited.

QCT of the femur: Comparison between QCTPro CTXA and MIAF Femur.

QCT is commonly employed in research studies and clinical trials to measure BMD at the proximal femur. In this study we compared two analysis software options, QCTPro CTXA and MIAF-Femur, using CT scans of the semi-anthropometric European Proximal Femur Phantom (EPFP) and in vivo data from 130 Chinese elderly men and women aged 60-80 years. Integral (Int), cortical (Cort) and trabecular (Trab) vBMD, volume, and BMC of the neck (FN), trochanter (TR), inter-trochanter (IT), and total hip (TH) VOIs were compared.

[Minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for the treatment of acetabulum anterior column fracture with intact true pelvic brim].

Objective: To discuss feasibility and clinical effects of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis in treating acetabulum anterior column fracture with intact true pelvic brim.

Methods: From May 2013 to December 2015, 8 patients with acetabulum anterior column fracture with intact true pelvic brim were reviewed retrospectively. According to Judet-Letournel classification, all were simple unstable acetabulum anterior column fracture.