Beyond interferons: Non-canonical roles of MITA/STING.

Mediator of IRF3 activation (MITA)/Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) (also known as MPYS/ERIS) is a crucial adaptor protein for initiating antiviral innate immune responses to intracellular DNA and DNA viruses. MITA binds cGAMP, a second messenger synthesized by cGAS in response to intracellular DNA, culminating in the induction of type I interferons (IFNs), inflammatory cytokines, and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). While the canonical IFN-dependent MITA signaling has been extensively studied, recent research has unveiled a growing repertoire of IFN-independent functions of MITA in various physiological processes and pathological conditions.

The prediction models for the optimal timing of surgical intervention for necrotizing enterocolitis: nomogram vs. five machine learning models.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common diseases that pose serious threats to the life of newborns. In clinical practice, NEC is typically treated by surgical intervention, but it is still difficult to identify the timing of surgical intervention for this disease. Therefore, this study was conducted to establish a machine learning (ML) model for identifying the optimal timing of surgical intervention for NEC by comparing logistic regression (LR) models with ML models and to visualize important influencing indicators via a nomogram.

Clinical experience of genome-wide non-invasive prenatal testing as a first-tier screening test in a cohort of 59,771 pregnancies.

Objective: Genome-wide non-invasive prenatal testing (GW-NIPT) for prenatal screening has been widely implemented. However, the related clinical data is still insufficient. Here, we evaluated the clinical performance of GW-NIPT as a first-tier screening test for detecting fetal aneuploidy and copy number variation (CNV).

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Kinase Domain Duplication in Lung Adenocarcinoma with Sensitive Response to Afatinib: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Epidermal growth factor receptor kinase domain duplication (EGFR-KDD) is a rare form of EGFR mutation. Unlike the classical mutations such as exon 19 deletion and exon 21 p.L858R point mutation, EGFR-KDD is a special type of large genomic rearrangement (LGR) that results in the duplication of the tyrosine kinase domain at the protein level, leading to the formation of an intramolecular dimer and activation of the EGFR signaling pathway.

Associations of Serum Carotenoid Concentrations with All-cause Mortality in Cancer Survivors.

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality in the United States, surpassed only by cardiovascular disease. As of January 1, 2019, approximately 16.9 million Americans were living with a history of cancer.

The molecular sub-type and the development and validation of a prognosis prediction model based on endocytosis-related genes for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Despite the critical role of endocytosis-related genes in oncogenic processes, research exploring their potential for prognosticating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains limited. Establishing a connection between endocytosis and HCC is imperative. This study aimed to create a gene signature related to endocytosis to identify HCC subtypes and predict outcomes.

Prognostic and Therapeutic Value of Metabolism-Related Genes in Nephroblastoma: A Focus on the Key Gene NNMT and Its Regulative Effect on Metabolism.

Metabolic reprogramming plays an essential role in the initiation and aggressiveness of malignant tumors. This study aims to establish a prognostic signature for Wilms tumor (WT) based on metabolism-related genes (MRGs) and to explore potential molecular mechanisms. RNA sequencing data of WT samples and MRGs were sourced from GEO, TCGA and KEGG, respectively.

Exploring GIPC2 as a key prognostic marker in colorectal cancer linked to enhanced immune response.

Background: Emerging evidence indicates a potential association between aberrant expression of GIPC PDZ Domain Containing Family member 2 (GIPC2) and the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the detailed characteristics of GIPC2 expression and its prognostic implications in CRC remain to be thoroughly elucidated.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the transcriptome profiles and clinical parameters of CRC patients using five publicly available datasets.

Correction: Correlation between novel inflammatory markers and carotid atherosclerosis: A retrospective case-control study.

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[Isolation, identification, and degradation characterization of a polyethylene plastic-degrading bacterial strain].

Polyethylene (PE) is widely used due to its excellent properties. However, the improper disposal of PE waste has led to serious environmental pollution. Microbial degradation of PE is a low-carbon, environmentally friendly, and highly efficient method of homogeneous recycling.

Adaptation of plateau frog peptide: From antimicrobial to angiogenic and proliferative functions.

Introduction: Amphibian skin peptides, particularly defensins, play important roles in environmental adaptation, but often exhibit functional redundancy. SC17-2, a novel peptide from the high altitude frog Nanorana parkeri, exhibits unique angiogenesis and cell migration promoting activities, allowing adaptation to the extreme environment of the Tibetan Plateau with high UV radiation and low microbial diversity.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the adaptive role of SC17-2 in high-UV environments, its functional differences from typical defensins, and its potential biomedical applications in wound healing and angiogenesis.

Two MYB transcription factors interact to inhibit the expression of cell wall metabolism and starch degradation genes in banana.

Banana (Musa acuminata, AAA group) fruit softening severely affects postharvest quality, yet the molecular regulatory networks governing this process remain incompletely understood. In this study, we found that the overexpression of MaMYB44 in bananas and tomatoes delayed fruit firmness loss and starch degradation. In addition, MaMYB44 interacted with MaMYB73 (another member of the R2R3-MYB transcription factor [TF] family), which also functioned as a repressor of fruit firmness loss and starch degradation.

Biochar Amendment Increases Peanut Production Through Improvement of the Extracellular Enzyme Activities and Microbial Community Composition in Replanted Field.

Peanut yield and quality are often threatened by soil degradation under continuous cropping. Biochar has been known to improve the soil microbial community and plant resistance. However, studies on its functions to reduce soil degradation losses and improve the peanut yield are limited.

Xuebijing injection reduces COVID-19 patients' mortality as influenced by the neutrophil to lymphocyte platelet ratio.

Objective: Xuebijing injection has been recommended as a therapeutic approach for individuals with severe and critical COVID-19. This study aims to explore the correlation of neutrophil to lymphocyte platelet ratio (NLPR) with the severity and prognosis of COVID-19, and the effect of XBJ on the prognosis of patients with COVID-19 in different inflammatory states.

Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at Wuhan Union Hospital in China.

20-Acetylsinularolide B (ASB) From Lobophytum crassum Exhibits Anticancer Activity In Vitro Through IGF1R/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway.

As lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, the development of novel therapeutic drugs is essential. 20-Acetylsinularolide B (ASB) is a diterpene isolated from marine soft coral Lobophytum crassum. Our previous studies demonstrated that ASB exhibits growth-inhibitory effects on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.

The signature based on interleukin family and receptors identified IL19 and IL20RA in promoting nephroblastoma progression through STAT3 pathway.

Wilms tumor (WT) is a common renal malignancy in pediatric patients. Interleukin (receptors) (IL(R)s) play significant roles in tumor biology, however, their specific involvement in WT remains inadequately understood. We employed univariate Cox regression analysis to screen for certain IL(R) genes associated with prognosis and then analyzed their expression patterns.

A Survey on Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation Based on Deep Neural Networks.

Monocular depth estimation aims to predict the corresponding scene depth map to an input image, which has wide application prospects in various fields, such as robot navigation, autonomous driving, and augmented reality. Due to the advantage that only images rather than ground truth depth maps are required for model training, self-supervised monocular depth estimation methods have received more and more attention in recent years. Although numerous self-supervised monocular depth estimation methods were proposed, there has been no a comprehensive survey on them yet.

An exploration into the construction and application of a pediatric surgery digital question bank based on the WeChat official accounts platform.

Backgroud: In the field of medical education, the innovation and optimization of teaching methods have always been the key to improving the quality of education. The popularization of the WeChat platform has provided a broader application space for question banks, especially digital question banks. To improve the teaching quality of pediatric surgery, a digital question bank for pediatric surgery was constructed based on the WeChat platform and applied to the clinical teaching of pediatric surgery.

The Effect of Through-Silicon-Via Thermal Stress on Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor Properties Under Cooling to Ultra-Low Temperatures.

The thermal through-silicon-via (TTSV) has a serious thermal stress problem due to the mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion between the Si substrate and filler metal. At present, the thermal stress characteristics and strain mechanism of TTSV are mainly concerned with increases in temperature, and its temperature range is concentrated between 173 and 573 K. By employing finite element analysis and a device simulation method based on temperature-dependent material properties, the impact of TTSV thermal stress on metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) properties is investigated under cooling down from room temperature to the ultra-low temperature (20 mK), where the magnitude of thermal stress in TTSV is closely associated with the TTSV diameter and results in significant tension near the Cu-Si interface and consequently increasing the likelihood of delamination and cracking.

Reapplication of glyphosate mitigate fitness costs for soil bacterial communities.

Glyphosate (GLP) is a globally ubiquitous herbicide that poses a threat to living organisms due to its widespread presence in soil ecosystems. However, the results of current research regarding the effects of glyphosate on soil microorganisms and its ecological risks are vague and inconsistent. In this study, we investigated the impact of single (low/high-dose) and reapplication (high-dose) of glyphosate applications on soil microbes through indoor incubation experiments using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology.

Retrospective analysis of the effectiveness and safety of sulodexide for venous thromboembolism prevention in neurosurgical patients.

Neurosurgery patients are at high risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) which increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. This study is designed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of sulodexide in combination with routine VTE prophylaxis compared with routine VTE prophylaxis alone for VTE prevention in neurosurgical patients. This retrospective, cohort study included neurosurgical patients received routine VTE prophylaxis (control group) or routine VTE prophylaxis plus sulodexide (experimental group) during hospitalization.

SCGclust: Single Cell Graph clustering using graph autoencoders integrating SNVs and CNAs.

Intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH) is a compounding factor for cancer prognosis and treatment. Single-cell DNA sequencing (scDNA-seq) provides cellular resolution of the variations in a cell and has been widely used to study cancer progression and responses to drug and treatment. While the low coverage scDNA-seq technologies typically provides a large number of cells, accurate cell clustering is essential for effectively characterizing ITH.

Integrating spectroscopic analysis and theoretical calculations to elucidate the adsorption efficiency and mechanisms of Cd, Pb, and Cu using novel carboxymethyl cellulose/pectin-based hydrogel beads.

Herein, a series of novel carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/pectin-based hydrogel beads were synthesized with chitosan as a cross-linker. The hydrogel composites were denoted as CPC-1/2/3/4/5, with varying mass ratios of CMC, pectin, and chitosan (6:0:1, 5:1:1, 4:2:1, 3:3:1, and 2:4:1). This is a pioneering study that investigates the synergistic effects of these biopolymers in a single hydrogel system for the adsorption of heavy metals, specifically Cd, Pb, and Cu.

Rare skin adverse reactions induced by osimertinib: a case report and literature review.

Osimertinib is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) used in the treatment of EGFR mutation-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Osimertinib-induced cutaneous vasculitis is a rare skin adverse reaction. We present a case study of a 49-year-old female who developed palpable purpura on her lower extremities on the 11th day of osimertinib treatment.

Fibrosis-4plus score: a novel machine learning-based tool for screening high-risk varices in compensated cirrhosis (CHESS2004): an international multicenter study.

Background/aims: A large percentage of patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) screening do not have esophageal varices (EV) or have only small EV. We evaluated a large, international, multicenter cohort to develop a novel score, termed FIB-4plus, by combining the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, liver stiffness measurement (LSM), and spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) to identify high-risk EV (HRV) in compensated cirrhosis.

Methods: This international cohort study involved patients with compensated cirrhosis from 17 Chinese hospitals and one Croatian institution (NCT04546360).