Analysis of lncRNA-mRNA pairs induced by Colletotrichum camelliae reveals Cslnc170 as a regulator of CsLOX4 in tea plants.

Fungal diseases such as anthracnose substantially affect the growth of tea (Camellia sinensis) plants. Understanding disease resistance mechanisms and identifying resistance genes will aid in breeding resistant varieties. Non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play critical roles in regulating plant immunity by influencing target gene expression; however, their role in disease resistance of tea plants remains underexplored.

Novel ternary deep eutectic solvent coupled with in-situ-ultrasound synergistic extraction of flavonoids from Epimedium wushanense: machine learning, mechanistic investigation, and antioxidant activity.

This study innovatively developed a novel ternary deep eutectic solvent coupled with in-situ-ultrasound synergistic extraction (TDES-ISUSE)method for efficient extraction of total flavonoids (TF) fromEpimedium wushanense. Among 20 prepared DESs, the ternary system composed of choline bitartrate, urea, and glycerol (Chb:Ure:Gly) exhibited the highest extraction efficiency. Response surface methodology-artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (RSM-ANN-GA) optimization identified the optimal extraction parameters: water content of 32 %, vortex time of 10 min, liquid/solid ratio of 34:1 mL/g, ultrasound time of 30 min, and ultrasound power of 270 W.

Distribution and Variation Characteristics of Branched Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers (BrGDGTs) in Sediment Cores Along the Nearshore-to-Offshore Gradient of the East China Sea and Their Correlation with Microbial Community Diversity.

Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) are promising molecular biomarkers widely applied in paleoenvironmental reconstructions, including temperature and pH. However, knowledge of the microorganisms responsible for brGDGT production in marine environments remains limited, which constrains the further development and application of brGDGT-based proxies for reconstructing past marine conditions. In this study, both 'living' intact polar lipid-derived brGDGTs (IPL-brGDGTs) and 'fossil' core brGDGTs (CL-brGDGTs), together with bacterial community compositions, were analysed in multiple sediment cores collected along a nearshore-to-offshore transect in the East China Sea (ECS).

Achieving Mechanical Evolution in Polymer Materials Through Phase Evolution Induced by Visible Light.

Can artificial polymer materials exhibit the characteristic of "evolution" over time, similar to biological tissue? The limitations arise from their inherently static nature and the absence of dynamic structures. A strategy is proposed for designing polymer materials whose phases and mechanical properties can be continuously transformed and enhanced temporally. Specifically, the polymer phases experience a sequence of transitions involving generation, separation, and fusion.

BaTiO Nanoparticle-Induced Interfacial Electric Field Optimization in Chloride Solid Electrolytes for 4.8 V All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries.

Chloride-based solid electrolytes are considered promising candidates for next-generation high-energy-density all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs). However, their relatively low oxidative decomposition threshold (~ 4.2 V vs.

ProDualNet: dual-target protein sequence design method based on protein language model and structure model.

Proteins typically interact with multiple partners to regulate biological processes, and peptide drugs targeting multiple receptors have shown strong therapeutic potential, emphasizing the need for multi-target strategies in protein design. However, most current protein sequence design methods focus on interactions with a single receptor, often neglecting the complexity of designing proteins that can bind to two distinct receptors. We introduced Protein Dual-Target Design Network (ProDualNet), a structure-based sequence design method that integrates sequence-structure information from two receptors to design dual-target protein sequences.

Blockade of the Notch Pathway by Inhibition of Fucosylation Ameliorates Chondrocyte Inflammation and Extracellular Matrix Degradation.

Objective: Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease characterised by damage to articular cartilage and degradation of the chondrocyte matrix. It has been shown that inflammation occurs with a variety of protein glycosylation abnormalities, among which elevated levels of fucosylation is one of the characteristics of OA. Now, the relationship between fucosylation and OA is not clear.

Construction of octanuclear polyoxomolybdenum(v)-based porous materials with lithium additives.

Crown-ether-like octanuclear polyoxymolybdenum(v) cluster (NH)[MoO(μ-OH)( -O)(dmtrz)]·62.5HO (dmtrz = 3,5-dimethyltriazole, 1) was successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Its lithium additives Li[MoO(μ-OH)(μ-O)(dmtrz)]·2(Hdmtrz)·27HO (2), Li[MoO(μ-OH)(μ-O)(dmtrz)]·20.

Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Characterization of Two New Lanthanide Mercury Halide Compounds.

Two new lanthanide mercury halide compounds with isonicotinic acid as a ligand, namely, [Gd(HIA)2(IA)(H2O)2(HgCl2)]n(nHgCl4)·3nH2O (1) (HIA = isonicotinic acid) and {[Nd(HIA)3(DMF)(H2O)]n}[(Hg4Br11)n](2HgBr2)(nBr)·nH3O·0.5nH2O (2) (DMF = N,N'-Dimethylformamide), were synthesized by means of solvothermal reactions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 is characterized by a two-dimensional (2-D) layer-like structure, while compound 2 features a one-dimensional (1-D) chain-like structure.

Formononetin ameliorates allergic asthma by inhibiting JUN and suppressing type Ⅱ immune responses mediated by ILC2 cells.

Objective: Formononetin (FM), a flavonoid with potent anti-inflammatory effect, was investigated for its therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms in allergic asthma (AS).

Methods: An ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine model of AS was established and treated with FM. Inflammatory responses, mucus secretion, and the activation and migration of type II innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) were assessed using histological staining, ELISA, flow cytometry, and molecular analysis.

Constructing porous aluminum borate/polymeric carbon nitride for efficient carbon dioxide capture and photocatalytic conversion.

Photocatalytic CO reduction technology is a current research hotspot in negative carbon technologies, yet it faces bottlenecks such as insufficient CO capture capacity of catalysts and low separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers. This study aims to construct a photocatalyst integrating efficient CO capture and photocatalytic conversion by leveraging the adsorption capacity of porous aluminum borate and the superior photocatalytic capability of carbon nitride. Porous aluminoborate frameworks (PKU) was synthesized via a solid-state reaction and interfacially coupled with polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) prepared through ammonium formate-urea calcination to fabricate the adsorption-catalysis bifunctional composite catalyst PKU/PCN.

β-Alanine decreases plasma taurine but improves nitrogen utilization efficiency in beef steers.

Recent research has demonstrated that rumen-protected taurine supplementation improves body protein turnover, apparent nitrogen retention (ANR) and nitrogen (N) utilization efficiency (NUE) in beef steers. To further elucidate taurine's role in N metabolism, it is essential to examine whether taurine depletion adversely affects ANR and NUE. Six beef steers (bodyweight 391 ± 10 kg) were allocated in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.

Serotyping, molecular typing, and vaccine protein screening for Riemerella anatipestifer: Overcoming challenges in prevention and treatment.

Riemerella anatipestifer (R. anatipestifer) affects the duck farming industry worldwide, causing substantial economic losses. The current disease prevention and treatment strategies primarily include vaccines and antibiotics.

Ecometabolomics reveal physiological adaptations of Asiatic toads (Bufo gargarizans Cantor, 1842) to different environments along an altitudinal gradient.

Animals inhabiting altitudinal gradients exhibit a variety of adaptations to environmental variations. However, to date, changes in metabolomic profiles with altitude have been poorly characterized. Here, we used target and non-target metabolomic analyses of liver to investigate the environmental adaptations of Asiatic toads (Bufo gargarizans) along an altitudinal gradient (50 m, 1200 m, 2300 m, and 3400 m above sea level).

ICE: A Driver Genes Identification Method With Improved Cross-Entropy Measure.

Cancer is inherently a complex disease and cancer somatic driver mutations within the cancer pathway often show mutually exclusive patterns in a group of patients, providing a novel signal to distinguish driver mutations from mass passenger mutations. However, in biological pathways, most mutated genes are low exclusivity and mutual exclusivity-based driver genes identification methods do not identify low exclusivity driver genes well. Furthermore, mutual exclusivity-based methods are largely influenced by the integrity of the biological network, resulting in their ineffectiveness in identifying driver genes.

Vision-Ray-Calibration-Based Monocular Deflectometry by Poses Estimation from Reflections.

A monocular deflectometric system comprises a camera and a screen that collaboratively facilitate the reconstruction of a specular surface under test (SUT). This paper presents a methodology for solving the slope distribution of the SUT utilizing pose estimation derived from reflections, based on vision ray calibration (VRC). Initially recorded by the camera, an assisted flat mirror in different postures reflects the patterns displayed by a screen maintained in a constant posture.

Mitigating reconstruction errors in extended-ptychography with adaptive scanning position correction.

The combination of the extended ptychographic iterative engine (ePIE) and adaptive scanning position correction simplifies ptychographic imaging by eliminating the need for prior knowledge of the illuminating probe or object scanning positions. However, we demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that reconstructed illuminations often suffer from significant quadratic phase errors, while the reconstructed objects exhibit slight size distortions. To address these issues, we propose what we believe to be a novel calibration method for these reconstruction errors.

AI-Driven De Novo Design of Ultra Long-Acting GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.

Peptide drugs have revolutionized modern therapeutics, offering novel treatment avenues for various diseases. Nevertheless, low design efficacy, time consumption, and high cost still hinder peptide drug design and discovery. Here, an efficient approach that integrates deep learning-based protein design with functional screening is presented, enabling the rapid design of biotechnologically important peptides with improved stability and efficacy.

Electrostatically Enhanced Buried Interface Binding of Self-Assembled Monolayers for Efficient And Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Inverted p-i-n structure perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have outperformed traditional n-i-p PSCs in recent years. A key advancement is the use of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as hole transport layers. One class of widely used SAMs is carbazole-based phosphonic acids.

Research on the synergistic evolution of land use transformation and ecosystem service value in the Anning River Basin.

Strategic hub in Panxi Economic Zone, the Anning River Basin faces fragile ecology and significant land governance issues. This study uses the "Production-Living-Ecological Space" (PLES) theory to assess how land use transformation affects ecosystem service value (ESV) and sustainable development. It draws on 1985-2023 land-use data, statistical yearbooks, the modified equivalent factor method, Geo-information TuPu, improved cross-sensitivity analysis (CICS) and optimal parameter geographic detector.

Robotic-assisted versus conventional laparoscopic pyeloplasty in pediatric ureteropelvic junction obstruction: a meta-analysis of efficacy, safety, and age-stratified outcomes.

To compare the efficacy and safety of robotic-assisted pyeloplasty (RALP) versus conventional laparoscopic pyeloplasty (CLP) in pediatric ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted, including randomized controlled trials and cohort studies from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (2000-2025). Outcomes assessed included success rates, operative time, length of hospital stay, intraoperative/postoperative complications and conversion rates.

Investigation on the action mechanisms of taurine on rumen microbial crude protein synthesis and nitrogen metabolism in beef steers using sodium sulfate as a contrast.

Taurine is a sulfur-containing nonproteinogenic amino acid. Recent studies have shown that taurine can improve rumen microbial crude protein (MCP) synthesis. This experiment aimed to investigate the action mechanisms of taurine on rumen MCP synthesis and nitrogen (N) metabolism in beef steers using sodium sulfate (NaSO) as a contrast.

Circulating Antibody's Role During Post-Exposure Prophylaxis, and Beyond for Rabies: A Review.

Since the introduction of Pasteur's rabies vaccine in 1885, rabies prophylaxis and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) have been widely administered globally under the recommendation of the World Health Organization (WHO). However, 124 documented cases of PEP failure had been reported worldwide between 1980 and 2023. Additionally, sporadic media reports from China showed occasional PEP failures between 2017 and 2024.

Preparation of Foamed Ceramic from Cr Slag and MSWI Fly Ash and Its Cr Leaching Inhibition.

The sustainable utilization of solid waste is crucial for environmental protection. This work investigates the fabrication of foamed ceramics from Cr slag and municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash, focusing on the effects of three inhibitors-NHSOH, ZnO·TiO, and (NH)HPO-on material properties and Cr leaching behavior. Experimental analysis, chemical thermodynamic calculations, and material characterization were all employed.

Cross-Domain Feature Enhancement-Based Password Guessing Method for Small Samples.

As a crucial component of account protection system evaluation and intrusion detection, the advancement of password guessing technology encounters challenges due to its reliance on password data. In password guessing research, there is a conflict between the traditional models' need for large training samples and the limitations on accessing password data imposed by privacy protection regulations. Consequently, security researchers often struggle with the issue of having a very limited password set from which to guess.