Global, regional, and national burden of ischemic heart disease attributable to lead exposure, 1990-2021: decomposition, frontier, and projection analysis.

Introduction: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading global health burden, with lead exposure identified as a significant environment risk factor contributing to its prevalence.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 were used to analyze deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of IHD due to lead exposure at global, regional, and national levels. Decomposition analysis, frontier analysis, and Bayesian age-period cohort (BAPC) models were applied to assess trends from 1990 to 2021.

Tobacco and asthma: presenting the world health organization (WHO) tobacco knowledge summary.

The WHO recently published a Tobacco Knowledge Summary (TKS) which is prepared with the objective to summarize the current evidence on the association between tobacco use and asthma. This is also intended as an advocacy tool to widely include health care professionals in the fight for tobacco control and prevention of tobacco related adverse health effects. This article expands on the evidence outlined in the TKS, providing a more comprehensive and clinically focused analysis, aimed at lung-specialist audience.

Cyst-Like Central Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma.

Objective: Cyst-like central mucoepidermoid carcinoma (CC-MEC) is a special type of MEC in the jaw and clinically like a cyst. To analyze the clinicopathological features, treatment, and prognosis of CC-MEC.

Methods: From 2018 to 2023, nine patients with CC-MEC who underwent surgery were retrospectively investigated.

The impact of paternal body mass index on semen parameters and assisted reproductive outcomes in couples undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET treatment.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of paternal body mass index (BMI) on semen parameters and assisted reproductive outcomes in couples undergoing their first IVF/ICSI-ET cycle.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 7618 couples undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET for maternal tubal/pelvic factors from 2017 to 2023. Paternal BMI was classified according to WHO criteria: normal weight (n = 3433), overweight (n = 3248), and obese (n = 937).

Platycodin D targets ZNF70 to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome and STAT3 signaling pathway to ameliorate colitis.

Background: UC is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can be severe enough lead to bowel perforation and even colorectal cancer. The current treatments for UC have several limitations, highlighting the urgent need for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Recent research has shown that ZNF70 plays a crucial role in colitis-associated colorectal cancer.

HADHB mediates 5-fluorouracil sensitivity in colorectal cancer.

Purpose: 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) is a primary chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC), but resistance reduces its effectiveness. HADHB, important in mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation, is linked to tumor metabolism changes in various cancers. Its potential influence on 5FU sensitivity in CRC remains unclear.

Impact of prophylactic anticoagulation on hospitalized COVID-19 patients aged over 80Â years: a multicenter prospective cohort study.

Background: Individuals aged 80 and older face a notably increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and mortality after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clinical guidelines recommend routine pharmacological thromboprophylaxis, yet its application in oldest-old patients remains insufficiently studied.

Aims: To assess the efficacy and safety of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients aged 80 years and older.

Cucurbitacin B inhibits HIF-1α and attenuates non-small cell lung cancer ZFP91.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is among the most common types of cancer and contributes significantly to cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although some progress has been made in the treatment of NSCLC, drug resistance, high costs, and significant individual variability continue to be major obstacles to effective treatment. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) is a tetracyclic triterpenoid known for its anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties.

Perfluorohexanoic acid exhibits more potential for the proliferation, migration, and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer cells under the 3D culture model.

Although three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems serve as ideal platforms for cancer research by recapitulating key aspects of the tumor microenvironment, their broader applicability and reliability in environmental toxicology and risk assessment require further validation. Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), a representative short-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS), remains insufficiently characterized in terms of its health hazards, contributing to the delay in regulatory actions. In this study, we investigated and compared the oncogenic effects of PFHxA on MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells with conventional 2D culture and 3D hydrogel culture.

Classification of Craniomaxillofacial Free Flap: Mechanism and Model.

Timely detection and effective management of postoperative flap crises are critical for improving flap salvage rates. Flap crisis often stems from impaired blood circulation, leading to changes in the flap's color, texture, and temperature. Therefore, we analyzed flap crises using anatomical and colorimetric parameters and designed pixel curve features using a biologically derived foundation model.

Multiple amplifications of NIR-I ECL signals of AuPtAg nanoclusters and applications in fast detections of noradrenaline.

NIR-I electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is emerging as highly sensitive detection strategy due to its low background at the ambient conditions. Nonetheless, the applications of current NIR-I ECL nanoprobes are limited to the harsh synthetic/testing condition, high toxicity, low signal, and poor biocompatibility. In this study, glutathione/lipoic acid-protected trimetallic AuPtAg nanoclusters (GSH/LA/AuPtAg NCs) are demonstrated as an efficient nanoprobe with strong ECL signals around 850 nm in the presences of triethylamine.

Baicalein ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by inhibiting ferroptosis and regulating gut microbiota.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a nonspecific inflammatory disease. Baicalein has potential value in treating UC, but its mechanism is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of baicalein on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC mice.

[Development and application on a full process disease diagnosis and treatment assistance system based on generative artificial intelligence].

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), especially generative AI (GenAI), has already brought, and will continue to bring, revolutionary changes to our daily production and life, as well as create new opportunities and challenges for diagnostic and therapeutic practices in the medical field. Haihe Hospital of Tianjin University collaborates with the National Supercomputer Center in Tianjin, Tianjin University, and other institutions to carry out research in areas such as smart healthcare, smart services, and smart management. We have conducted research and development of a full-process disease diagnosis and treatment assistance system based on GenAI in the field of smart healthcare.

Associations of Serum Carotenoid Concentrations with All-cause Mortality in Cancer Survivors.

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality in the United States, surpassed only by cardiovascular disease. As of January 1, 2019, approximately 16.9 million Americans were living with a history of cancer.

Ma-Xing-Shi-Gan Decoction Modulates the Gut-Lung Axis in Pediatric Bacterial Pneumonia via HDAC3/NF-κB Signaling and SCFA Restoration.

Pediatric bacterial pneumonia continues to pose a significant global health burden, often resulting in serious complications. Recent studies have emphasized the pivotal role of the gut-lung axis in the progression of respiratory diseases, wherein disruptions in gut microbiota can aggravate pulmonary inflammation. This research investigates the underlying mechanisms by which Ma-Xing-Shi-Gan Decoction (MXSG), a classical formula in traditional Chinese medicine, influences the gut-lung axis in the context of childhood bacterial pneumonia.

Prediction of hematoma changes in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage using a Transformer-based generative adversarial network to generate follow-up CT images.

Purpose: To visualize and assess hematoma growth trends by generating follow-up CT images within 24 h based on baseline CT images of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) using Transformer-integrated Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN).

Methods: Patients with sICH were retrospectively recruited from two medical centers. The imaging data included baseline non-contrast CT scans taken after onset and follow-up imaging within 24 h.

Molecular and virulence differences of isolated from blood.

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) accompanied by sepsis with () represents a public health threat being potentially life-threatening. There have been an increasing number of reports on isolates in China. We conducted a case-based genomic and experimental study.

Self-supervised constrained super-resolution fast coded spectral imaging system.

Current coded aperture spectral imaging techniques suffer from slow imaging speeds and poor image quality at low sampling rates. To address these issues, we propose a self-supervised constrained super-resolution fast coded spectral imaging system by combining a physical process of spectral imaging with image fusion super-resolution techniques. We constructed a discrete cosine transform spectrometer (DCTS) and successfully acquired low-resolution hyperspectral images (LR-HSI) and high-resolution multispectral images (HR-MSI).

Observation of the therapeutic effect of finerenone, a novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, in patients with non-diabetic CKD.

Finerenone, a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, exhibits anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties. While numerous studies have demonstrated its efficacy in reducing kidney and cardiovascular events in diabetic kidney disease, data on non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain limited. This retrospective study evaluated the safety and efficacy of finerenone in adult patients with non-diabetic CKD.

Cucurbitacin B alleviates DSS-induced experimental colitis by targeting ZNF70 to suppress the NLRP3/STAT3 signaling axis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease characterized by lifelong involvement and a complex pathogenesis. Due to the limitations of current treatment modalities, there remains a pressing need to discover new medications for the management of UC. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) is a tetracyclic triterpenoid derived from Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.

On-chip integration of achromatic metalens arrays.

Broadband achromatic metalenses and metalens arrays hold promise for enabling high-performance optical imaging in a compact form factor. Conventional visible-light achromatic metalenses are composed of transparent and high-refractive-index TiO or GaN nanopillars, but are strongly limited in mainstream silicon-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) processes. Herein, we report the realization of high-efficiency SiN achromatic metalenses in the visible range and demonstrate their integration onto a commercial imaging chip.

Snapshot hyperspectral imaging method based on a transformer and auxiliary learning tasks.

This paper proposes a noise-resistant coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging (CASSI) reconstruction algorithm based on a spectral awareness network (SANet). The method maps the snapshot compressed measurements to a panchromatic (PAN) image as an auxiliary learning task for reconstructing hyperspectral images. The PAN images reconstructed by the network are extracted to provide spatial detail information, which is then fed into the CASSI reconstruction network to enhance its regularization capability.

Sex-specific effects of tea consumption and salt intake on metabolic syndrome and its components among oilfield workers.

Objectives: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been rising globally, posing a significant public health challenge. While numerous studies have examined the risk factors for MetS, limited research has explored the combined effects of tea consumption and salt intake on MetS, particularly from a sex-specific perspective.

Methods: The Chinese Diabetes Society criteria were adopted to identify MetS patients, and the logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the association between tea consumption, salt intake, and MetS.

Analysis of the clinical value and influencing factors of combined detection of tuberculosis-specific cytokines IFN-γ and IL-2 in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis in children and adolescents.

Objective: This study aimed to conduct a combined detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection using the tuberculosis (TB)-specific cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) release assays in hospitalized children and adolescents with TB, evaluate the clinical value of this technique in the diagnosis of active TB in children and adolescents, and to analyze the related influencing factors.

Method: A retrospective study was conducted to collect data from suspected pediatric and adolescent TB patients hospitalized at Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center between April 2022 and December 2024. The combined detection of MTB infection using IFN-γ and IL-2 release assays (referred to as "dual-factor detection of TB infection") was carried out.

Crown Ether-Peptide Rotaxanes.

We report on the metal-free active template synthesis of crown ether-peptide rotaxanes. A 24-crown-8 ring is sufficiently small that the side chains of canonical branched amino acids act as barriers that trap the macrocycle on the particular glycine residue used to assemble the rotaxane. The resulting crown ether-tripeptide rotaxane can subsequently be extended from either or both N- and C-termini of the axle.