The post-marketing safety of Esketamine among older adults(≥ 65): an real-world pharmacovigilance study.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the safety profile of Esketamine, with a particular focus on comparing adverse events (AEs) between adults (< 65 years) and older adults (≥ 65 years) using data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of FAERS data from 2019 to 2024, identifying 6,452 Esketamine-related AE reports. After removing data without age information, these reports were categorized into two age groups: 536 from older adults and 3,566 from younger adults.

Meteorological determinants of hepatitis E dynamics in Jiangsu Province, China: a pre-COVID-19 era study focusing on multi-route transmission (2005-2018).

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of meteorological factors on the incidence and multi-route transmission dynamics of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Jiangsu Province, China, during the pre-COVID-19 era (2005-2018), and to develop predictive models for informing public health interventions.

Study Design: A dual-model study integrating the Multi-Host and Multi-Route Transmission Dynamic Model (MHMRTDM) and Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was employed to quantify meteorological impacts on multi-route HEV transmission.

Methods: HEV incidence data (2005-2018) and meteorological variables from provincial and national agencies were analyzed.

Dual-channel hierarchical interactive learning for the prediction of Protein-Ligand binding affinity.

Protein-ligand binding affinity (PLBA) is a crucial metric in drug screening for identifying potential candidate compounds. In recent years, deep learning-based methods have used representation learning to model interactions within protein-ligand complexes, demonstrating great promise in affinity prediction tasks. Existing studies have considered both intramolecular (covalent) and intermolecular (non-covalent) interactions to some extent.

Analysis of the clinical value and influencing factors of combined detection of tuberculosis-specific cytokines IFN-γ and IL-2 in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis in children and adolescents.

Objective: This study aimed to conduct a combined detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection using the tuberculosis (TB)-specific cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) release assays in hospitalized children and adolescents with TB, evaluate the clinical value of this technique in the diagnosis of active TB in children and adolescents, and to analyze the related influencing factors.

Method: A retrospective study was conducted to collect data from suspected pediatric and adolescent TB patients hospitalized at Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center between April 2022 and December 2024. The combined detection of MTB infection using IFN-γ and IL-2 release assays (referred to as "dual-factor detection of TB infection") was carried out.

The extract of maxim. alleviates UVB-induced oxidative damage the NRF2 pathway in HaCaT cells.

Context: Maxim., a prominent medicinal plant from the Scrophulariaceae family, is extensively distributed throught China, Korea, Vietnam, and Myanmar. This phytotherapeutic agent has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in treating various ophthalmic disorders, such as xerophthalmia, infectious conjunctivitis, keratopathies, corneal ulcerations, and neuropathic ocular pain.

Comparison of internal fixation and artificial hip replacement in elderly hip fracture and analysis of factors of postoperative stroke occurrence.

Objective: This study is designed to assess the effect of internal fixation (IF) versus artificial hip replacement (AHR) on stroke during and after hip fracture.

Methods: A total of 120 elderly patients with hip fractures who were treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed and divided into an IF group and an AHR group according to the surgical method. Comparisons were made between patients of two groups in general data, intraoperative and postoperative general conditions, hip function scores, and hip joint excellence rate.

Tem-KAN: Data-driven temporal temperature prediction via an improved Kolmogorov-Arnold network.

Accurate temperature forecasting relies on traditional meteorological parameters that are essential for monitoring weather informatics and guiding forecasting efforts. This study introduces a deep learning architecture for high-precision climate temperature forecasting via an improved Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks, named Tem-KAN. Grounded in the Kolmogorov-Arnold representation theorem, Tem-KAN explores replacing conventional linear weights in neural networks with spline-parameterized univariate functions, enabling dynamic learning of nonlinear climate patterns while maintaining intrinsic interpretability.

Quantitative architectural analysis of meandering fluvial point bar of Gudong oilfield in Zhanhua Sag Bohai Bay basin China.

In order to extract the remaining oil from the reservoir during the late stage of development, there is an increasing demand for precise research on the internal architecture of the reservoir. In this paper, the meandering fluvial point bar architecture of the Guantao Formation in Gudong Oilfield is quantitatively characterized through the integration of core, well logging, seismic data, and modern river geomorphology analysis. The models for the relationship between point bar length and width, as well as width and thickness, have been established.

Diagnostic yield of intraoperative frozen sections obtained through robot-assisted stereotactic biopsy of brain lesions.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic yield and diagnostic accuracy of intraoperative frozen sections obtained through robot-assisted stereotactic biopsy of brain lesions.

Methods: The medical records of 87 patients who underwent 89 robot-assisted stereotactic biopsies of brain lesions at our institution between June 2015 and January 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were assessed using hematoxylin/eosin (HE) staining of intraoperative frozen sections, and intraoperative immunohistochemical examination when necessary.

Selection and validation of reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR during the developmental stages of seeds in .

Introduction: Quinolizidine alkaloids, such as matrine and sophocarpine, enriched in seeds, demonstrate notable anticancer properties. However, the biosynthetic pathway of these alkaloids remains incompletely elucidated, and the expression patterns of key enzyme genes involved in this pathway require further investigation. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) serves as a highly sensitive method for gene expression analysis, yet selecting appropriate reference genes is crucial to ensure the accuracy and reliability of results.

HLGNet: High-Light Guided Network for low-light instance segmentation with spatial-frequency domain enhancement.

Instance segmentation models generally perform well under typical lighting conditions but struggle in low-light environments due to insufficient fine-grained detail. To address this, frequency domain enhancement has shown promise. However, the lack of spatial domain processing in existing frequency domain based methods often results in poor boundary delineation and inadequate local perception.

Case report: A case of tibial tuberous osteochondroma complicated with gouty calculus.

Osteochondroma (OC) mainly occurs in the metaphysis of long bones in children and adolescents, and it is extremely rare to occur in the tibial tuberosity and usually has no clinical symptoms. Here, we report a rare case of osteochondroma of the tibial tuberosity combined with gouty stones in a 44-year-old male patient who was found to have a mass on the left upper tibia for 20 years that had not been taken seriously or treated, and the patient was admitted to the hospital after the mass developed painful symptoms. In this case, X-ray examination clearly showed a lesion, which manifested as a limited bony protuberance with a wide base attached to the tibial tuberosity, and the imaging diagnosis was osteochondroma of the tibial tuberosity.

-derived exosome-like nanoparticles improve diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated macrophage pyroptosis via targeting the NEDD4/SGK1 axis.

Aim: Exosome-like nanoparticles mediate intercellular communication and regulate gene expression. In this study, we isolated and purified exosome-like nanoparticles from (SM-ELNs), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, and investigated their therapeutic effects on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Materials & Methods: To investigate the effect of SM-ELNs on DCM, we established a mouse model via HFD/STZ treatment.

miR‑34a induces apoptosis and pyroptosis in D‑Galactose‑induced aging cochlear hair cells via inhibiting TFAM and promoting mitochondrial dysfunction and .

Aging of the auditory system causes progressive hearing deficit and affects millions of people; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. D‑galactose (D‑gal)‑induced aging models were established using HEI‑OC1 cells and using C57BL/6 mice to investigate the role of miR‑34a in age‑related hearing loss (ARHL). HEI‑OC1 cells were treated with D‑gal for, while mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of D‑gal for six weeks.

Synthesis and Optical Characterization of Novel Orange-Red Emitting LaGaSnO:Sm Phosphors with Abnormal Thermal Quenching and Application To w-LEDs.

This research successfully prepared a novel series of LaGaSnO:xSm phosphors (x = 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 mol%) through high-temperature solid-state synthesis. This series of phosphors exhibited excellent phase purity. The excitation spectrum of LaGaSnO:Sm showed an optimal excitation wavelength at 403 nm.

Metformin ameliorates trophoblastic immunometabolic disorders via attenuating TLR4/NF-κB signaling through ATXN7L3-mediated histone H2B monoubiquitination.

Background: Trophoblastic inflammation and glycometabolic reprogramming represent two hallmarks of numerous diverse placental disorders, including but not limited to preterm labor, preeclampsia, and fetal growth restriction. Recent evidence indicates that TLR4/NF-κB signaling mediate the interaction between trophoblastic inflammation and glycometabolism disturbance while pharmacologic doses of metformin (MET, 10 μM) corrected these vicious states via its suppression on this pathway. However, the underlying precise mechanism remain incompletely understood.

Single-cell eQTL mapping reveals cell-type-specific genes associated with the risk of gastric cancer.

Most expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analyses have been conducted in heterogeneous gastric tissues, limiting understanding of cell-type-specific regulatory mechanisms. Here, we employed a pooled multiplexing strategy to profile 399,683 gastric cells from 203 Chinese individuals using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). We identified 19 distinct gastric cell types and performed eQTL analyses, uncovering 8,498 independent eQTLs, with a considerable fraction (81%, 6,909/8,498) exhibiting cell-type-specific effects.

2D edge-seeded heteroepitaxy of ultrathin high-κ dielectric CaNbO for 2D field-effect transistors.

The experimental realization of single-crystalline high-κ dielectrics beyond two-dimensional (2D) layered materials is highly desirable for nanoscale field-effect transistors (FETs). However, the scalable synthesis of 2D nonlayered high-κ insulators is currently limited by uncontrolled isotropic three-dimensional growth, hampering the achievement of simultaneous high dielectric constants and low trap densities for small film thicknesses. Herein, we show a 2D edge-seeded heteroepitaxial strategy to synthesize ultrathin nonlayered 2D CaNbO nanosheets by chemical vapor deposition, exhibiting high-crystalline quality, thickness-independent dielectric constant (~ 16) and breakdown field strength up to ~ 12 MV cm.

Widefield ultra-high-density optical breast tomography system supplementing x-ray mammography.

We report a wide-field compressive diffuse optical tomography (DOT) system - optical mammography co-imager (OMCI) - which aims to augment tens of thousands of existing x-ray mammography or tomosynthesis systems worldwide by adding functional assessment of breast tissue and improve cancer diagnosis. The OMCI system utilizes large field-of-view structured light illumination and single-pixel-camera based detection techniques to produce ultra-high spatial sampling density while ensuring that the inverse problem remains compact via the development of a unique target-adaptive pattern optimization technique to achieve compressive-sensing based measurements. The reconstructed images can be further enhanced by applying a compositional-prior-guided DOT reconstruction algorithm with tissue structural priors derived from a separately acquired x-ray mammography scans.

The Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist Liraglutide Regulates Sirtuin-1-Mediated Neutrophil Extracellular Traps to Improve Diabetes-Induced Bone Metabolism Imbalance.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that disrupts normal bone remodeling.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate how the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist liraglutide (LIR) addresses bone metabolism imbalances induced by type-II diabetes.

Methods: Type-II diabetic rat models were established through a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ).

Pathogenesis and treatment of perioperative hiccups: a narrative review.

Introduction: Hiccups affect 0.05% of general in-patients and up to 10% of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Hiccups are typically self-limited.

Chaihu Shugan San Exerts Antidepressant Effects by Regulating Glucocorticoid Metabolism in CUMS Rats and Network Pharmacology Provides Complementary Mechanistic Insights.

Traditional Chinese medicine Chaihu Shugan San (CSGS) is a classic Chinese herb prescription for improving depression, but its specific molecular mechanism has not been fully clarified. This study integrates network pharmacology and experimental validation to investigate CSGS's antidepressant effects, focusing on its impact on GC metabolism and related pathways. In this research, the antidepressant mechanism of CSGS in relation to the depression model induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress will be discussed.