Astragaloside Ⅳ improves neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease by regulating amino acid metabolism and the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Objective: Elucidation the pharmacological mechanism of AS-Ⅳ, providing a scientific basis for the development of AS-Ⅳ as a therapeutic agent for Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: An acute PD model was established in C57BL/6 mice through intraperitoneal injection of MPTP. A comprehensive multi-omics approach was employed for in-depth data analysis and processing.

Molecular Epidemiology of spp. in Aborted Livestock in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.

Brucellosis is caused by spp.; it can result in fetal loss and abortion, resulting in economic losses and negative effects on human health. Herein, a cross-sectional study on the epidemiology of spp.

Explainable deep learning algorithm for distinguishing IVIG-Resistant Kawasaki disease in Shandong peninsula, China.

Background: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance of Kawasaki disease (KD) patients have a heightened risk of coronary artery lesions. We aimed to explore the predictive factors of IVIG resistance of KD from Shandong Peninsula in China, and established a explainable prediction model based on deep learning.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study include the patients and were divided into two subgroups: IVIG sensitive and IVIG resistance, then arbitrarily partitioned into training set and validation set at a ratio of 8:2.

Noncoding RNAs in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and repair.

Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) usually triggers a series of molecular and cellular changes, which yield excessive oxidative stress and massive cardiomyocyte death, leading to sterile inflammation, cardiac fibrosis, and, eventually, heart failure. Over the past two decades, numerous studies have demonstrated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), involve almost every aspect of adverse cardiac remodeling induced by I/R. They have emerged as key regulators in the process of cardiac cell death (i.

Multi-target renal protection in AKI: Exercise-mediated coordination of AMPK energy homeostasis, mTOR autophagy regulation, and NF-κB inflammatory control.

Background: Aerobic exercise (AE) confers protection against acute kidney injury (AKI), but mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. We investigated how AE preconditioning protects against sepsis-induced AKI through transcriptomic reprogramming, inflammatory regulation, autophagy modulation, and metabolic adaptation.

Methods: Mice were subjected to 4-week AE before AKI induction.

Dual-channel hierarchical interactive learning for the prediction of Protein-Ligand binding affinity.

Protein-ligand binding affinity (PLBA) is a crucial metric in drug screening for identifying potential candidate compounds. In recent years, deep learning-based methods have used representation learning to model interactions within protein-ligand complexes, demonstrating great promise in affinity prediction tasks. Existing studies have considered both intramolecular (covalent) and intermolecular (non-covalent) interactions to some extent.

DAISY: Dual-Granularity Contrastive Learning for Disease Similarity Prediction.

The quantification of similarities among human diseases is crucial for enhancing our understanding of disease biology, which can aid in improving disease diagnosis, prognosis and treatment, and drug development. Recently, efforts have been devoted to quantifying disease similarity by integrating multi-view data sources from disparate biological data. However, disease data are often sparse due to their rarity or privacy, leading to suboptimal representation of disease when biological entity relationships and labeled disease data are not adequately modeled.

Trans Fatty Acids and Chronic Metabolic Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Public Health Strategies for Risk Mitigation.

Purpose Of Review: This review provides a comprehensive analysis of trans fatty acids (TFAs) and their impact on human health, examining the molecular mechanisms underlying TFA-induced pathogenesis of chronic diseases. We combine current evidence on TFA metabolism, cellular effects, and associated health outcomes to inform public health strategies.

Recent Findings: TFAs are mainly derived from two sources: industrial processes and natural biohydrogenation.

Separate aneurysmal neck is essential for analyzing hemodynamics and predicting instability of intracranial aneurysms.

Background: Hemodynamics influence aneurysm growth and rupture through injury and inflammation mediated by both high and low wall shear stress (WSS). The parent artery configuration (bifurcation or sidewall) significantly impacts hemodynamics at the aneurysmal neck, yet this factor has been overlooked in hemodynamics-based aneurysm risk assessment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of parent artery type on the relationship between aneurysmal neck WSS and inflammation.

MSB-VQA: Overcoming multiple source biases for robust visual question answering.

Recent studies have found that many VQA models are influenced by biases and cannot effectively utilize multimodal information for reasoning. Models that perform well on standard VQA datasets perform poorly on bias-sensitive VQA-CP datasets. Although there have been many studies focusing on mitigating biases in VQA models, most of them only consider language bias and fail to achieve satisfactory results.

Unraveling the growth and volatile compound profiles of celery under different supplementary light durations via comprehensive evaluation and GC-IMS.

The volatile substances fingerprinting of celery under three different light conditions was established using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). Supplementary light intensity was set at 200 µmol m s with light durations of 6 h d (T1) and 10 h d (T2), and celery grown under natural light only was used as the control. The results indicated that the highest values of fresh and dry weights were recorded under the T2 treatment.

High cGAS-STING expression associates with improved efficacy of neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy (NACI) has demonstrated significant clinical advantages in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), while clinical responses vary in different patients. This study investigated the correlation between the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS, ) and the stimulator of interferon genes (STING, ) expressions and the efficacy of NACI in HNSCC.

Methods: The correlation between and expressions and chemotherapy/immunotherapy drug sensitivity was analyzed using the GDSC and TCIA dataset.

Divergent roles of red cell arginase in humans and mice: RBC Arg1 KO mice show preserved systemic l-arginine bioavailability and infarct size in vivo.

In humans and other primates, red blood cells (RBCs) constitutively express high levels of liver-type arginase 1 (Arg1), which regulates systemic l-arginine and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, particularly under pathological conditions such as sickle cell disease. In contrast, the role of RBC Arg1 in mice in vivo remains poorly defined. Here, we investigated the contribution of RBC Arg1 to systemic l-arginine metabolism, NO bioavailability, and cardioprotection following acute myocardial infarction in vivo.

Beyond Homophily: Class imbalance graph classification via Rewiring Graph of Graphs.

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have gained prominence as a leading paradigm for graph encoding, achieving notable success in graph classification tasks. This success, however, heavily relies on the assumption of the balanced class distribution in the training data, which often does not align with real-world scenarios. In the face of imbalanced class distributions, the classification results tend to be suboptimal.

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Induce Pyroptosis of Gingival Fibroblasts in Peri-Implantitis.

Objectives: This study aimed to verify the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in peri-implantitis and explore whether NETs induce pyroptosis and inflammatory responses in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).

Materials And Methods: Peri-implant soft tissue samples were collected from healthy individuals and patients with peri-implantitis. NETs and the expression of pyroptosis-related factors including NLRP3, Caspase1, GSDMD, and IL-1β were detected.

Chemical Perturbations Impacting Histone Acetylation Govern Colorectal Cancer Differentiation.

Background & Aims: Aberrant epigenetic programs that suppress differentiation and enhance plasticity drive colorectal cancer (CRC), yet the molecular determinants underlying these processes remain elusive. We aimed to identify and characterize epigenetic regulators of CRC differentiation, uncovering mechanisms that reprogram cancer cell states.

Methods: A small-molecule library targeting epigenetic regulators was screened using an endogenous dual-reporter system.

Copper-Based Metal-Organic Framework Nanoplatform for miRNA Delivery: Synergistic Antitumor Therapy.

Background: Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is a promising antitumor strategy that damages tumor cells by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce oxidative stress. However, antioxidant mechanisms in tumor cells greatly reduce CDT efficacy.

Methods: We propose using MOF-199 nanoparticles (NPs) with tumor microenvironment responsiveness as a carrier for miR-4521 to construct miR-4521@MOF-199 for cancer treatment.

Nanostructured organic sheets sequestering small extracellular vesicles and reactive species to protect against radiation-induced mucositis.

Radiation-induced mucositis significantly reduces quality of life in patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Radiation exposure increases the secretion of small extracellular vesicles carrying double-stranded DNA, which triggers excessive inflammation. To address this, we develop functionalized organic nanosheets designed to capture these inflammatory vesicles from damaged tissue.

Boosting anti-tumor immunity with boron-based nanosheets photodynamic-elicited pyroptosis and adjuvant delivery.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising non-invasive therapeutic modality for tumor treatment. Moreover, PDT has the potential to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), and its combination with immunotherapeutic strategies has become a promising approach for tumor therapy. In this study, we designed a multifunctional nanoplatform, IR@BP-L, which integrates PDT-induced pyroptosis with loxoribine as an immune agonist.

Side deep placement of slow-release N as base fertilizer combined with urea as panicle fertilizer increases rice yield by optimizing dry matter and N accumulation and translocation.

Introduction: Side deep fertilization (SDF) technology and slow release N fertilizer offer advantages in enhancing rice yield and N use efficiency. However, the effects of side deep application of slow-release N as base fertilizer, combined with the application of urea at different growth stages, on dry matter accumulation, N uptake, translocation, assimilation, and yield formation in rice remain unclear.

Methods: Therefore, in 2023 and 2024, a field experiment was conducted in Sichuan, China, using the local variety Chuankangyou 6308.

Trichinella spiralis serine protease inhibitors regulate the dynamic interaction between endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in host intestinal epithelial cells.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and autophagy play key roles in host defense against pathogen invasion, but Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) can facilitate parasitism by escaping host defense. In this T.

Cell states and neighborhoods in distinct clinical stages of primary and metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a highly lethal cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract with rising incidence in western populations. To decipher EAC disease progression and therapeutic response, we perform multiomic analyses of a cohort of primary and metastatic EAC tumors, incorporating single-nuclei transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility sequencing along with spatial profiling. We recover tumor microenvironmental features previously described to associate with therapy response.

Rbms1 promotes pulmonary fibrosis by stabilising Sumo2 mRNA to facilitate Smad4-SUMOylation and fibroblast activation.

The formation of myofibroblast foci constitutes a hallmark pathological feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), yet the mechanism remains elusive. RNA binding motif single-stranded interacting protein 1 (RBMS1), is known to be essential for proliferation and cell cycle progression; however, its role in pulmonary fibrosis remains to be clarified.This study aimed to systematically elucidate the role and underlying mechanism of RBMS1 in pulmonary fibrosis utilising mouse primary lung fibroblasts (mPLFs), fibroblast-specific Rbms1 deletion and overexpression mice models, and lung samples from IPF patients.

LDHAL6B is a novel prognostic marker and promotes disease progression in multiple myeloma.

Not available.