Bacillus velezensis MZ09 alleviates DSS-induced colitis in piglets by remodeling the intestinal microbiota activating the SCFAs-GPR43-STAT3 pathway and suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is closely associated with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic dysfunction. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects and mechanisms of the probiotic Bacillus velezensis MZ09, which produces branched-chain short-chain fatty acids (BSCFAs), against the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in piglets.

Results: In this study, a DSS-induced piglet colitis model was established to explore the impact of MZ09.

Hybrid inno-zigzag slab amplifier delivers gain for 1 kHz high-energy picosecond pulses.

We report a novel, to the best of our knowledge, inno-zigzag slab laser amplifier that innovatively combines features of innoslab and zigzag slab amplifiers. Operating at 1 kHz repetition rate, this architecture amplifies 300 ps pulses from 0.4 mJ to 57.

Development of vascularized adipose organoids from PBMSCs and their application in evaluating Celastrol's effects.

Obesity lacks physiologically relevant human models, which constrains in-depth investigation into its underlying mechanisms and hampers the development of effective therapeutic strategies for obesity and its associated comorbidities. Here, we developed vascularized adipose organoids (VAOs) from peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cells (PBMSCs) using a standardized three-dimensional dynamic culture system that sequentially induces angiogenesis and adipogenesis. These VAOs mimic native adipose tissue with coexisting adipocytes and endothelial cells.

Perioperative management of intracranial-extracranial communicating tumors with multidisciplinary combined surgery: a case series.

Background: To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with complex skull base lesions involving both intracranial and extracranial regions and summarize the anesthetic management experience for combined neurosurgical and oral-maxillofacial procedures under a single anesthesia session.

Case Presentation: Medical records of patients who underwent combined neurosurgical and oral-maxillofacial surgery at Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, between April 1, 2020, and April 1, 2025, were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data, multidisciplinary treatment, anesthetic management, and outcomes were analyzed.

Multifunctional regulation and treatment of ubiquitin specific protease 10.

USP10 is a critical deubiquitinating enzyme within the ubiquitin-specific protease family, playing multifaceted roles in cellular physiology and disease pathogenesis. Structurally composed of a G3BP1-interacting motif, a N-terminal domain (mediating most protein interactions), and a catalytic USP domain (residues 415-795, catalytic triad C424-H736-D751), USP10 regulates diverse cellular pathways by stabilizing key proteins through deubiquitination. It exhibits context-dependent functional duality, particularly in cancer: USP10 promotes tumorigenesis in various cancers (e.

Effects and moderator of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training among children and adolescents with overweight or obese: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize current evidence and address inconsistencies in the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. We sought to: (1) assess the effects of HIIT and MICT non-exercise controls; (2) compare HIIT and MICT directly; and (3) identify potential moderators through subgroup analyses.

Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and CSTJ.

Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Tribological Behavior of Friction Stir Lap-Welded Joints Between SiC/Al-Fe-V-Si Composites and an Al-Si Alloy.

Aluminum matrix composites provide an ideal solution for lightweight brake disks, but conventional casting processes are prone to crack initiation due to inhomogeneous reinforcement dispersion, gas porosity, and inadequate toughness. To break the conventional trade-off between high wear resistance and low toughness of brake disks, this study fabricated a bimetallic structure of SiC/Al-Fe-V-Si aluminum matrix composite and cast ZL101 alloy using friction stir lap welding (FSLW). Then, the microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and tribological behavior of the FSLW joints were studied by XRD, SEM, TEM, tensile testing, and tribological tests.

1 kHz, 70 mJ, high-energy hundred-picosecond fiber-solid-state hybrid laser amplification.

We have demonstrated a 1 µm fiber-solid-state hybrid high-energy laser in the hundred-picosecond range. Operating at a repetition rate of 1 kHz, the output energy was 71.1 mJ with a pulse duration of 63.

Choroidal vascular alterations in diabetic retinopathy and their association with macular microvascular parameters.

This study aims to analyze choroidal vasculature changes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and their correlation with diabetic retinopathy (DR) progression and macular microvascular parameters. The study enrolled 90 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), categorized by diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity, alongside 26 non-diabetic controls. Choroidal parameters-including choroidal vascular index (CVI) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT)-were measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Automatic Choroid Segmentation and Thickness Measurement Based on Mixed Attention-guided Multiscale Feature Fusion Network.

Choroidal thickness variations serve as critical biomarkers for numerous ophthalmic diseases. Accurate segmentation and quantification of the choroid in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images is essential for clinical diagnosis and disease progression monitoring. Due to the small number of disease types in the public OCT dataset involving changes in choroidal thickness and the lack of a publicly available labeled dataset, we constructed the Xuzhou Municipal Hospital (XZMH)-Choroid dataset.

Reversed linkage-oriented intermolecular electron-transfer in isomeric covalent organic frameworks for electrochemical CO reduction.

Designing specific electroactive sites and modulating their local microenvironments of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) toward electrochemical CO reduction (ECR) have received increasing attention. However, the underlying impact of the change in intramolecular electron-transfer capability, caused by the tuning in electronic state of active sites, on the redox-mediated catalytic process still remains inadequately understood. In this work, we constructed a metalloporphyrin-based COF as the isomer of the representative COF-367-Co, with an identical chemical composition but a reversed imine-linkage orientation via Schiff-base condensation reaction using [meso-tetrakis(4-formylphenyl)porphyrin]cobalt (CoTFPP) and Benzidine (BD) as the precursors, denoted as CoTFPP-BD-COF, to exclusively investigate the linkage orientation as an individual variable for enhanced electron transmission efficiency toward ECR.

Impact of Social Support on Health Literacy Among People With Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Aim: In recent years, the critical role of health literacy in diabetes management has become increasingly prominent. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of social support on health literacy among patients with diabetes, to test the mediating role of self-efficacy and empowerment between social support and health literacy, and the moderating role of eHealth literacy.

Design: A cross-sectional study conducted between August 2023 and June 2024.

Hydrophilic sp-carbon conjugated co-porphyrin covalent organic frameworks for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have demonstrated great potential in electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the continuous proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) steps with water as the proton donor and the low electron conductivity of hydrophobic COFs increase the kinetic barriers for device applications. Herein, a hydrophilic custom-designed strong electron/proton extractor on CoT-spC-P-COF-COOH was developed by converting the cyano groups of CoT-spC-P-COF into carboxyl groups.

The occupancy of Ghd7 to the transcriptional activation domain of Hd1 leads to functional conversion of Hd1 from promoting to suppressing heading under long-day conditions in rice.

Hd1 alone constantly promotes heading both under LD and SD conditions in rice. But it suppresses heading in the presence of Ghd7 under LD conditions. It is not clear how Ghd7 makes Hd1 function conversion.

The immediate effects of blood flow restriction training on upper limb muscle strength and fatigue level: a meta-analysis.

Objective: Blood flow restriction training (BFR training) has gained recognition as a potentially effective intervention; however, its specific effects on upper limb strength and fatigue levels remain inadequately explored. This study aims to systematically assess the impact of BFR training on immediate upper limb strength and fatigue through a meta-analytic approach, with the goal of providing empirical evidence to inform its practical implementation in clinical and athletic settings.

Methods: Search PubMed, CNKI, Web of Science and EBSCO databases, collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of BFR training on immediate upper limb strength and fatigue degree.

Genetic characteristics and risk factors of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing in Chinese intensive care unit: a prospective molecular epidemiology study.

In this 4-month-long prospective observational study, we explored the colonization rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (ESBL-EC) in the patient and ward environment of an intensive care unit (ICU). Additionally, we evaluated the risk factors for colonization and analyzed genomic characteristics and modes of transmission of isolates. Clinical samples were collected from patients and the environment to isolate and screen strains.

Eradicating fungal biofilm-based infections by ultrasound-assisted semiconductor sensitized upconversion photodynamic therapy.

Fungal biofilms, as self-produced extracellular polymeric substances that resist antifungal agents and immune defense, represent a major cause of treatment failure and recurrent infections. Therefore, it is of great importance to eradicate fungal biofilms to achieve efficient therapy. This study develops a synergistic reactive oxygen species (ROS)-enhanced strategy to eradicate Candida albicans biofilms by designing ultrasound-light dual-responsive nanohybrids (UCNP@CR).

Source apportionment and ecological risk of heavy metals in sediments from estuaries and bays in China: insights into cross-regional transport.

Heavy metals (HMs), recognized as global pollutants, pose a serious threat to ecological security and human health. HMs sources and pollution characteristics exhibit considerable complexity under varying climatic conditions and regional environmental contexts. This study investigates the migration patterns, sources, and spatial distribution of HMs in sediments from representative estuaries and bays in China between 2017 and 2020.

A high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation of the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii).

The giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is native to Southeast Asia and is used in aquacultural practices worldwide. It is considered advantageous because of its rapid growth, high nutritional value, and economic benefits. As one of the three major freshwater aquaculture shrimp sources in China, a high-quality genome resource is of great significance for promoting the germplasm improvement of varieties.

A chromosome-level reference genome assembly of the Small snakehead (Channa asiatica).

The Small snakehead (Channa asiatica) is an economically important species in both aquaculture and ornamental trade, mainly distributed in South China and Southeast Asia. Despite its significance, limited genomic resources have impeded in-depth genetic studies and breeding programs. In this study, we used PacBio HiFi long-read sequencing, Illumina short-read sequencing, and Hi-C technologies to generate a high-quality chromosome-level genome of the C.

Integration of Pharmacodynamics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics to Elucidate Effect and Mechanism of Rehmanniae Radix in the Treatment of T2DM.

Rehmanniae Radix (RR) has a long history in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It was previously shown to alleviate T2DM through the regulation of molecular targets in the kidney. However, the role of RR on T2DM-driven hepatic metabolism disorder remains unclear.

Donor-acceptor type covalent organic frameworks: design, optimization strategies and applications.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as one of the hottest research topics in various applications due to their designed structures, adjustable pore sizes, and abundant active sites. However, the high electron-hole recombination rate and short carrier lifetime in non-donor-acceptor type COFs are inevitable issues. The electron donor-acceptor (D-A) type COFs, which are synthesized by introducing donor and acceptor units into the COF skeleton, combined with effective carrier separation, adjustable bandgap, and sensitive photoelectric response, are considered an effective strategy for improving exciton dissociation and optimizing carrier transport.

Shape sensing robotic assisted bronchoscopy versus virtual bronchoscopic navigation in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary nodules.

Bronchoscopy is a commonly used method for pulmonary nodule biopsy. Shape-sensing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (ssRAB), which features enhanced catheter articulation and stability, has recently become available. Although the diagnostic performance of ssRAB appears to surpass that of conventional guided bronchoscopy, the existing data are limited.

Ozone pollution induced-yield loss of major staple crops in China and effects from COVID-19.

Surface ozone (O) pollution showed a continuous increasing trend during the recent decades in China, posing an increasing threat to food security. A wide range of yield reductions have been reported and thus more studies are needed to narrow down the uncertainty resulting from spatiotemporal accuracy of O metrics and extrapolation methods. Based on a high spatial resolution (0.