Extensive cross-species transmission of pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes in mammals neglected by public health surveillance.

Non-traditional farmed and wild mammals are often neglected in pathogen surveillance. Through metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing of fecal and tissue samples from 973 asymptomatic mammals, we identified 128 viruses (30 novel), including a new coronavirus genus, 10,255 bacterial species (over 7,000 undescribed), 201 fungi, and 7 parasites. Farmed and wild mammals shared 13.

Appropriate seeding rate facilitates the simultaneous enhancement of population yield and lodging resistance in direct-seeded rice.

Introduction: Direct-seeded rice is characterized by simplicity, efficiency, and environmental friendliness, with its planting area progressively expanding. However, inappropriate seeding rates can result in issues such as lodging and reduced productive tillers, thereby constraining yield potential. Consequently, this study investigated the response mechanisms of tillering, the heterogeneity between main stems and tillers, and the susceptibility to lodging under varying seeding rates in direct-seeded rice.

HandBooster+: Boosting 3D Hand-Mesh Reconstruction From Data Synthesis to Progressive Multi-Hypothesis Aggregation.

Robustly reconstructing 3D hand mesh from a single image is very challenging, due to (i) the lack of diversity in existing real-world datasets and (ii) the ambiguity in occluded hand regions. While data synthesis helps relieve issue (i), the syn-to-real gap still hinders its usage. For issue (ii), most previous works produce deterministic results while other probabilistic methods rely on ground truths to choose the best hypothesis.

Relationship Between the Lactate-to-Albumin Ratio and 28-Day Overall Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Pulmonary Embolism: A Retrospective Analysis of the MIMIC-IV Database.

BackgroundThe lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR) has prognostic value in various clinical conditions, but its association with mortality in pulmonary embolism (PE) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the relationship between LAR and 28-day all-cause mortality in PE patients.MethodsThis retrospective observational study used MIMIC-IV database, with 28-day mortality as the primary endpoint.

Mesencephalic Astrocyte-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Binds BAX to Preserve Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Energy Metabolism for Relieving Myocardial Hypertrophy.

Myocardial hypertrophy (MH) is a heart disease accompanied by mitochondrial energy disorder and oxidative stress for cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF), with anti-inflammation and cytoprotection, is found to be negatively correlated with atrial apoptosis and fibrillation. Here, the effect and mechanism of MANF on MH are studied.

Dietary Supplementation with Encapsulated or Non-Encapsulated Sodium Butyrate Enhances Growth, Antioxidant Defense, Immunity, and Gut Health in Largemouth Bass ().

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with sodium butyrate (SB) in different forms on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune response, and intestinal health of largemouth bass (). Five diets were formulated: a basal diet (SB0), diets with 1000 (ESB1), 1500 (ESB2), and 2000 mg/kg encapsulated SB (ESB3), and a diet with 2000 mg/kg raw powder sodium butyrate (RSB, non-encapsulated). After 49 days of feeding trials, the ESB2 group exhibited significantly higher weight gain and specific growth rates and a lower feed coefficient than those of the SB0 group ( < 0.

Sociability genetically separable from social hierarchy in amniotes.

Sociability and social hierarchy are two essential features to form a social group. However, it remains unknown whether sociability and social hierarchy are genetically separable. In this study, we examined the social hierarchy, social and social novelty preference of PAS1 knock-out and knock-in mice.

Engineering Solute-Solvent Interactions for the Synthesis of Covalent Organic Polymer Nanosheets.

Covalent organic polymer (COP) nanosheets hold great potential for widespread applicability, but their fabrication remains challenging. Here, a dipole-moment-mediation strategy is reported to manipulate solute-solvent interactions, enabling the facile synthesis of COP nanosheets under ambient conditions. Three COPs with different morphologies are synthesized from three amine monomers with ascending dipole moment (Qd: 0.

Transparent metasurface absorber with wide-angle stability via gradient AgNWs/PDMS heterostructure.

The rapid advancement of high-frequency and transparent electronic devices necessitates the concurrent optimization of electromagnetic loss and mechanical reliability in wave-absorbing materials. Aiming to resolve interfacial stress defects inherent in conventional multilayer absorbers, this study introduces an AgNWs/PDMS composite metastructure. By integrating gradient interlayer impedance matching with honeycomb-nested metastructures, the system achieves synergistic broadband absorption (>90% across 4.

Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Three Different Probiotics on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Microbiota in Grass Carp ().

The growing demand for sustainable aquaculture has intensified research on probiotics as antibiotic alternatives. This study aims to evaluate the effects of three probiotic supplements-1 × 10 CFU/g of (BS), (CB), or (EF)-on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal structure, and gut microbiota in grass carp (; initial body weight: 42.52 ± 4.

Regulating the Electric Double Layer Structures Driven by Current Density for High-Rate Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries.

The notorious dendrite growth, serious Zn corrosion and hydrogen evolution confronted by the Zn anode greatly limit the cycle life of aqueous zinc metal batteries. Here, the structure of electrical double layer (EDL) is designed by a specifically adsorbed anionic surfactant (MOA) featuring a zincophilic phosphate group and hydrophobic long alkyl chain, decreasing the activity of water on the Zn anode, effectively inhibiting the side reactions. More importantly, the reconstructed EDL by MOA exhibits a high current response characteristic, leading to the formation of a denser and thinner EDL under a high current density, which accelerates the diffusion kinetics of Zn and benefits the uniform Zn plating/stripping.

[Research progress in the developmental process of non-viral CAR-T technology].

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) lymphocytes are at the forefront of adoptive immunotherapy research, and this technology has significantly advanced the prospects of tumor immunotherapy. CAR-T therapy has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in haematological tumours of lymphoid origin and provided therapeutic possibility for solid tumours. Currently, CAR-T cell preparation predominantly involves transfection of T cells with viral vectors.

In Situ-Polymerized High-Entropy-Driven Solid Polymer Electrolyte for Safer Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries.

The most promising way to achieve scaled-up solid-state battery production is to use the in situ polymerization process, which inherits excellent interfacial contact and is compatible with existing battery manufacturing processes. However, the resulting solid polymer electrolytes suffer from poor oxidation stability and, thus, cannot match mainstream high-voltage cathodes. Herein, in situ-polymerized high-entropy-driven solid polymer electrolytes based on five cyclic ether structured monomers are designed for safer high-voltage solid-state lithium metal batteries.

Mechanisms of Deng-Shi-Qing-Mai-Tang in alleviating PM2.5-Induced lung Injury: Network pharmacology, metabolomics, and molecular Target validation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Deng-Shi-Qing-Mai-Tang (DSQMT) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula known for treating inflammatory diseases, particularly those affecting respiratory health. Urban air pollution, especially fine particulate matter (PM2.5), induces lung injury primarily through inflammation and oxidative stress.

RSDCNet: An efficient and lightweight deep learning model for benign and malignant pathology detection in breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer is a leading malignant tumor among women globally, with its pathological classification into benign or malignant directly influencing treatment strategies and prognosis. Traditional diagnostic methods, reliant on manual interpretation, are not only time-intensive and subjective but also susceptible to variability based on the pathologist's expertise and workload. Consequently, the development of an efficient, automated, and precise pathological detection method is crucial.

Risk factors associated with mortality in elderly patients receiving hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures.

Background: To investigate the risk factors for mortality in elderly patients who underwent hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures over a five-year follow-up period.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 80 elderly patients treated with hemiarthroplasty between January 2015 and December 2018. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted, and both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified independent mortality risk factors, including age, preoperative mobility, BMI, cardiovascular comorbidities, and fracture type.

Distal protection of endovascular recanalization for symptomatic non-acute occlusion of vertebrobasilar artery.

Purpose: The research aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of distal protection of endovascular recanalization for symptomatic non-acute occlusion of the intracranial vertebrobasilar artery.

Methods: 8 consecutive patients with symptomatic non-acute VBA from April 2023 to April 2024 who underwent endovascular recanalization were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: 8 patients (median age 56 years; mean pretreatment National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score 6; 87.

F-box/WD Repeat-Containing Protein 5 Promotes Breast Cancer Progression by Regulating Ferroptosis via Enhancing Krüppel-like Factor 13 Ubiquitination Through Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase Pathway.

Breast cancer (BC) is a prevalent malignancy among women. Evidence has indicated that F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 5 (FBXW5) is crucial in oncogenesis and progression. However, the function of FBXW5 in BC remains elusive.

Endovascular treatment for cerebral venous thrombosis: a multicenter study in China.

Background: Endovascular treatment (EVT) is gaining popularity for the management of severe forms of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), but the evidence supporting its efficacy and safety is limited.

Methods: This multicenter study included patients with CVT admitted to 104 hospitals in 31 provinces/cities in China between January 2018 and June 2022. Propensity score weighting models were used to adjust baseline confounding variables to determine the association of EVT on the primary outcome of good functional status, defined as score 0 - 1 on the modified Rankin Scale after hospital discharge.

Mechanistic insights and therapeutic approaches in tic disorders: The distinctive role of ethnomedicine and modern medical interventions.

Tic disorders (TDs) are a class of neurodevelopmental disorders that have received considerable scientific attention. The genesis of TDs is increasingly understood as a complex interplay of neurobiological, genetic, and immunological factors. Animal model studies have elucidated the pathophysiology of TDs, paving the way for innovative therapeutic approaches.

Urban sensing using existing fiber-optic networks.

The analysis of urban seismic signals offers valuable insights into urban environments and society. Yet, accurate detection and localization of seismic sources on a city-wide scale with conventional seismographic network is unavailable due to the prohibitive costs of ultra-dense seismic arrays required for imaging high-frequency anthropogenic sources. Here, we leverage existing fiber-optic networks as a distributed acoustic sensing system to accurately locate urban seismic sources and estimate how their intensity varies over time.

Association Between Mechanical Power and 28-Day All-Cause Mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients Undergoing Invasive Ventilation: Analysis of the MIMIC-IV Database.

Purpose: Increasing evidence suggests that mechanical power (MP) is associated with mortality among patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation. However, the relationship between MP and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients undergoing invasive ventilation remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between MP and 28-day all-cause mortality among COPD patients undergoing invasive ventilation.

Reprogramming for a Robust Chassis toward Efficient Biosynthesis of (-)-α-Bisabolol.

(-)αBisabolol, a monocyclic susquiterpene alcohol, has been widely used in the fields of food, medicine, and biofuel. Recently, the rapid development of synthetic biology has offered a sustainable route for the production of (-)αbisabolol by microbial cell factories. Even though efficient biosynthesis of (-)αbisabolol has been achieved in with the highest titer of 23.