Genome-Wide Identification and Evolution of Core Cell Cycle Genes in Marchantia polymorpha: Insights Into Redundancy, Stress, and Functional Evolution.

The cell cycle is a fundamental process of plant growth, development, and reproduction, in which cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins (CYCs) play central roles in regulating the progression through various stages. These proteins are coordinated with multiple interacting partners to ensure the accurate execution of essential biological events such as DNA replication, chromosome segregation, and cell division. Marchantia polymorpha, one of the earliest diverging land plant species, has emerged as a key model for exploring fundamental mechanisms in plant biology and evolution.

Behavioural response and physiological adaptation of captive sub-adult giant pandas in response to a short-term social environment.

During ex-situ conservation, giant pandas inevitably transition from their natural wild habitats to captive environments. The living conditions of captive giant pandas differ significantly from those in the wild. For instance, during the sub-adult stage, solitary giant pandas are human-reared in groups.

PLK1 inhibitors for the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a key regulator in mitosis and a highly potent target for anti-cancer therapies. Several PLK1 inhibitors have been developed and evaluated for cancer treatment. However, none of them has yet been approved for clinical usage, mostly due to their low response rates in cancer patients.

Giant Panda Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Dermal Fibroblast Proliferation and Wound Healing.

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (UC-MSC-Exos) represent a potential therapeutic solution for captive giant pandas. The aim of this study was elucidating the proteomic and microRNA (miRNA) profiles and discerning their functional roles constitutes an essential step towards comprehending their therapeutic mechanisms and optimizing their application in giant pandas. UC-MSC-Exos, isolated from the culture supernatant of giant panda umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) using classic ultracentrifugation, were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and western blotting (WB).

The alternative splicing of duplicated HSP70 genes in the response of Patinopecten yessoensis upon high temperature stress.

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a highly conserved family associated with stress tolerance and prone to gene duplication in bivalves. In the present study, the expression dynamics and functional divergence of the HSP70 genes in the Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) under developmental stages and high temperature treatment were investigated. There are 63 HSP70 family members identified in the Yesso scallop by genome-wide analysis.

The natural stable isotope index for de novo structural elucidation of phytomolecules with geographical and biological tracing.

Not like the sequencing of genome and proteome that deals with the linear combination of base-pairs or amino acids, identification of unknown natural products has been always challenging due to diverse structures and various isomers. Searching fragment ions generated by mass spectrometers against databases has been the well-recognized approach. Because current searching algorithms generally compare unit masses and associated absolute intensities of ions, long lists of candidates with close similarity matching scores make it very difficult to achieve unambiguous structural identification.

EXPRESS: CB2 receptor agonist AM1241 regulating the polarization of microglia reduces morphine tolerance through IL-4/STAT6 pathway.

Background: Pain has a seriously effect on patients' life quality. The use of morphine for pain is common, but tolerance limits its application in clinic. However, there is no exact mechanism for tolerance.

The Progress in Exploratory Studies of Peripheral Blood Single Nucleated Cells as Seed Cells in Peripheral Nerve Repair.

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) represents a prevalent clinical condition, often resulting from mechanical trauma or tumor resection, which frequently induces persistent sensory deficits, motor impairment, neuropathic pain, or paralysis. Consequently, substantial socioeconomic burdens are imposed on affected individuals. Autologous nerve transplantation is often considered the preferred approach for reconstructing peripheral nerve defects; however, this technique is associated with limitations including donor-site sensory loss, restricted graft length, and nerve mismatches.

Imaging the Redox Network of Metabolic Acids with Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption and Photoinduced Electron Transfer Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

Metabolic acids may be present as neutral molecules, dipolar ions, or polyprotic anions in various physiological and pathological processes with different net charges, which challenge charge-dependent mass spectrometric detection. In addition, because protonation or deprotonation is the major ionization route in current organic mass spectrometry, it is also impossible to detect other redox metabolites that do not have active protons. A matrix assisted laser desorption and photoinduced electron transfer ionization mass spectrometric imaging (MALDI-MSI) technique has been developed as a spatial metabolomic tool to investigate the missing part of the redox network.

Hierarchical chiral supramolecular assemblies with strong and invertible chiroptical properties.

Supramolecular assemblies hold great promise for advanced chiral materials because of their structural diversity and dynamic features, but their low chiroptical activity limits practical applications. We report hierarchical supramolecular assemblies with giant chiroptical activity and mechanical attributes achieved through coassembly of achiral amphiphilic unimolecular micelles and chiral additives. Chiral fibrillar assemblies emerge from the nanostructured environment imposed by the micelles, driven by progressive chirality transfer through multiple hydrogen bonds between components.

Protective effect of selenium supplementation against damage of health and muscle quality in Onychostoma macrolepis under a thermally oxidized fish oil-enriched diet.

Fish oil is rich in highly unsaturated fatty acids such as EPA and DHA, which are easily oxidized, while selenium is an essential micronutrient that contributes to antioxidant defense by forming selenoproteins involved in maintaining cellular homeostasis. In this study, to explore the effects of selenium (selenium-rich black bean dregs; SeB) on the growth, health status, and muscle quality of Onychostoma macrolepis (O. macrolepis) under a thermally oxidized fish oil-enriched diet, a total of 156 O.

Genetically proxied gut microbiota and cancer risk: a scoping review of Mendelian randomization studies.

Background: Cancer is a critical global health issue, and gut microbiota is considered a potential factor in the development of cancers. This review synthesizes evidence from Mendelian Randomization (MR) studies to explore the potential causal links between gut microbiota and cancer risk, thereby addressing the limitations inherent in observational studies.

Methods: We adopted a systematic literature review approach to search the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases up to December 2023 for all MR studies examining the relationship between gut microbial diversity, strain-specific abundance, and cancer risk.

Comparison of continuous Serratus Anterior Plane Block (cSAPB) with bupivacaine versus single liposomal bupivacaine block in postoperative analgesia after Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS): a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) is a commonly used minimally invasive technique in thoracic surgery. The continuous serratus anterior plane block (cSAPB) involves the placement of a catheter deep in the serratus anterior fascia for the slow and continuous infusion of local anesthetics. Liposomal bupivacaine is a formulation of bupivacaine encapsulated in liposomes, which prolongs the release of the drug.

Haplotype-resolved, gap-free genome assemblies provide insights into the divergence between Asian and European pears.

Pears (Pyrus spp.) are self-incompatible crops with broad genetic diversity. High heterozygosity and technical limitations result in gaps within reference genomes.

Adsorption Preference Sites and Mechanism of Coal with Different Degrees of Metamorphism.

The adsorption preference sites of coal with different metamorphic degrees could provide theoretical guidance for the targeted screening of a modifier that strongly adsorbed to adsorption preference sites or destroyed the adsorption preference sites for the coal-seam-injection-modified water. Radial distribution function analyses showed that the pyrrole nitrogen functional group had the strongest adsorption capacity for methane. Density functional theory electrostatic potential analysis revealed that the extreme difference between the extreme value difference of positive and negative electrostatic potentials on the coal surface was negatively correlated with the degree of metamorphism.

Uncovering chromatin accessibility dynamics in early maize endosperm and seed coat differentiation.

The early development of maize kernels plays a crucial role in determining yield and grain quality. Deciphering chromatin accessibility dynamics can further advance our understanding of tissue-specific regulatory networks. In this study, we performed an integrated multiomics analysis to explore chromatin accessibility dynamics during cell fate transitions in early kernel development.

Efficacy analysis of bilateral gluteus muscle flap and skin flap layered advancement closure for reconstructing stage IV sacral pressure ulcer/injury.

Pressure ulcer/injury (PU/PI) is serious wounds that are costly to treat. Reconstructive surgery is usually reserved for deep or hard-to-heal cases of stage III and IV ulcers. Following surgical debridement, local flaps are frequently used to fill the wound cavity.

Deficiency Leads to Abnormal Bone Formation via miR-34c-5p/KLF4/β-Catenin in Gnathodiaphyseal Dysplasia.

Gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia (GDD) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease, mainly characterized by enlargement of the mandible, osteosclerosis, and frequent fracture of tubular bone. GDD is caused by heterozygous mutations in (). We have previously generated an knockout (KO) mice model and validated the phenotypes consistent with GDD patients, including enhanced bone formation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity.

Bevacizumab in ovarian cancer therapy: current advances, clinical challenges, and emerging strategies.

Bevacizumab targets the vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and reshaping the tumor microenvironment, positioning it as a cornerstone in ovarian cancer management. Its mechanisms of action include blocking VEGF-A-induced endothelial cell proliferation, promoting vascular normalization, alleviating hypoxic conditions, and reversing immunosuppression. Key phase III clinical trials, including GOG-0218, AURELIA, and PAOLA-1, have demonstrated that Bevacizumab significantly extends progression-free survival in the maintenance treatment of newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer, platinum-sensitive or resistant recurrent disease, and HRD-positive patients, with a median PFS of up to 37.

Two rhamnosyltransferases for de novo biosynthesis of polyphyllins in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Polyphyllins, a prominent class of steroidal saponins in Paris species, owe their diverse bioactivities to their sugar unit configurations, though their glycosylation pathways remain poorly understood. Here, we identified and characterized two UDP-rhamnosyltransferases, PpUGT73YD1 and PpUGT738A2, using heterologous expression systems. These enzymes sequentially catalyze the conversion of polyphyllin V and VI into trisaccharide and tetrasaccharide derivatives, respectively.

Visualizing ozone fluctuations employing a fluorescent probe in stimulated-epilepsy cell models.

BID-Ozo, a mitochondrial-targeted fluorescence probe to detect endogenous ozone (O) was developed. A significant increase in intracellular O was observed in PC12 cells stimulated with high concentrations of glutamate (Glu), which is used to model epilepsy.

Manganese-based nanoadjuvants for the synergistic enhancement of immune responses in breast cancer therapy via disulfidptosis-induced ICD and cGAS-STING activation.

Tumor immunotherapy represents one of the most promising strategies for combating tumors by activating the immune system, harnessing anti-tumor immune cells to eliminate tumor cells, and preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis. However, clinical data indicate that the anti-tumor immune response is often inadequate in many cancer patients, resulting in the failure of tumor immunotherapy. Herein, we report a manganese (Mn)-based nanoadjuvant (denoted as BMP-Au) aimed at synergistically enhancing anti-tumor immune responses in breast cancer therapy through disulfidptosis-induced immunogenic cell death and Mn-mediated cGAS-STING pathway activation.

Research on water quality detection integrating spectral analysis and automated control.

Water quality conditions have a significant impact on the aquaculture environment, however, high cost, low efficiency, and lack of portable testing equipment limit the field application of water quality testing. In this paper, a highly integrated, cost-effective, and efficient water quality testing device is designed and fabricated based on spectral analysis and automated control technology. The device maintains high stability under complex environments and long-time operating conditions, and realizes simultaneous multi-parameter detection and automation of the detection process through IoT control and embedded design, thus facilitating timely monitoring and intervention in the fisheries environment.

Achieving carbon-neutral economies through circular economy, digitalization, and energy transition.

Decarbonization is of utmost importance to effectively address climate change, advance environmental sustainability, and protect biodiversity and ecosystems. Therefore, developed and developing economies are focusing on adopting various approaches to achieve zero carbon emissions. Thus, this study attempted to generate a meaningful relationship between the circular economy, digitalization, energy transition, and eco-friendly trade strategy to capture the role of factors that function to attain carbon neutrality.

Development of a generalised tool for evaluating success of clinical practice guidelines implementation (A-GIST).

Objectives: To develop a generalised tool to evaluate the success of implementation of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs).

Design And Setting: Systematic review, group brainstorming discussion and modified Delphi method.

Participants: A steering group (3 members) was assembled responsible for the guidance and ensuring stakeholder's involvement.