Transcriptome Analysis of Developmental Gene Expression in Turcz.

Turcz. (), a perennial herb in the Santalaceae family, exhibits potent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on one- and two-year-old plants across seedling, flowering, and fruiting stages (all sampled from the same location) using the illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform.

Rapid screening and annotation of the carbonyl submetabolome via bromine isotope-based derivatization sensitization assisted by structure-guided molecular network strategy.

Background: Carbonyl compounds (CCs) are extensively present in biological and food samples with broad concentration range and high reactivity. Despite advances in chemical isotope labelling assistant liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (CIL-LC-MS) to address poor ionization efficiency and weak chromatographic retention, challenges remain in defining potential CCs by report ion and further accurately annotating labelled products due to the lack of experimental spectra. Improved strategies are needed to enhance the annotation of CCs.

Association between neurodevelopmental disorders in congenital heart disease and changes in circulatory metabolites and gut microbiota composition.

Background: Neurodevelopmental disorder (ND) has emerged as a critical factor affecting the long-term quality of life among patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to provide a multi-omics perspective on the mechanisms of ND.

Methods: We analyzed the serum metabolome and gut microbiome of children with ND and non-ND (NND) in CHD populations.

Hypoglycemic effects and chemical changes of mulberry fruits of different ripeness: In vitro and silico studies.

Mulberry fruits (MF) are valued for their health benefits. Investigating the composition and functionality of MF at different maturation stages could enhance their applications and reduce waste. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro hypoglycemic effects of MF at various maturation stages and to identify potentially active hypoglycemic compounds.

Prediction of Retention Time by Combining Multiple Data Sets with Chromatographic Parameter Vectorization and Transfer Learning.

Retention time (RT) can provide orthogonal information to mass spectra, supporting the qualitative identification. However, RT is influenced by experimental conditions and column parameters, and it is difficult to have a large amount of RT data in the user's experimental conditions. Hence, various machine learning methods, including advanced deep learning approaches, have been developed for RT prediction.

High-Coverage Profiling of Hydroxyl and Amino Compounds in Sauce-Flavor Baijiu Using Bromine Isotope Labeling and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

: Hydroxyl and amino compounds play a significant role in defining the flavor and quality of sauce-flavor Baijiu, yet their comprehensive analysis remains challenging due to limitations in detection sensitivity. In this study, we developed a novel bromine isotope labeling approach combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) to achieve high-coverage profiling of these compounds in sauce-flavor Baijiu. : The method employs 5-bromonicotinoyl chloride (BrNC) for rapid (30 s) and mild (room temperature) labeling of hydroxyl and amino functional groups, utilizing bromine's natural isotopic pattern (Δ/ = 1.

Nuclear phylogenomics provide evidence to clarify key morphological evolution and whole-genome duplication across rosids.

Rosids, comprising 90,000-120,000 species, form a large clade of angiosperms, including extensively studied families with many economically and scientifically important plants. They are also ecologically important, dominating many temperate and tropical ecosystems. Great progress in understanding rosid phylogenetic relationships has facilitated evolutionary studies, but phylogenetic uncertainties remain.

Low-dose IL-2 reinvigorates the immunoguardians of neurodegenerative diseases.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a life-threatening neurodegenerative disease caused by motor neuron loss. In a recent Phase 2b trial, Bensimon and colleagues report that the addition of low-dose interleukin 2 (LD-IL-2) immunotherapy to standard of care (SOC) shows promise in enhancing immune tolerance and improving survival in individuals with slower disease progression.

GZMKCD8 T cells: multifaceted roles beyond cytotoxicity.

CD8 T cells, traditionally recognized for their cytotoxic role in eliminating infections and malignancies, are now known to exhibit significant functional heterogeneity, as revealed by single-cell genomics. Among these, granzyme-K-expressing (GZMK) CD8 T cells represent a distinct subset characterized by low cytotoxicity but heightened proinflammatory activity, by contrast with their granzyme-B-expressing (GZMB) counterparts with high cytotoxicity. GZMKCD8 T cells are often more abundant in inflammatory diseases, cancer, and age-related inflammation (inflammaging).

Pre-clinical safety and efficacy evaluation of Helicobacter Pylori neutrophil-activating protein (NAP)-armed CAR-T cells targeting B cell lymphomas.

CD19 CAR-T cell therapy shows striking results in treating B cell malignancies. However, approximately two-thirds of the lymphoma patients eventually relapse, with about one-third displaying CD19-negative tumors at relapse. Our previous study showed that CAR-T cells armed with the Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (NAP), CAR(NAP)-T cells, can trigger a bystander immune response and eliminate CAR-target-antigen-negative tumor cells.

Buffer Valency Engineering Enables High-concentration and Shelf-stable DNA Transfection Particles for Viral Vector Production.

Cost-effective and scalable production is critical for advancing the clinical translation of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene therapy. The widely used transient transfection method using plasmid DNA (pDNA)-loaded transfection particles for AAV production faces technical challenges due to instability of the particles and the concentration limits for particle preparation, hindering reproducibility and scalability. Here, we report a streamlined and scalable strategy to generate shelf-stable, highly concentrated pDNA/poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) transfection particles.

Immunization of pigs with Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia live attenuated (gene-deleted) vaccine HB04M intramuscularly or intranasally exhibits remarkably rapid protection against heterologous strain challenge.

Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia (APP) is the etiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, characterized by acute hemorrhagic fibrinous pleuropneumonia and chronic fibrinous necrotizing pleuropneumonia. The acute manifestation of APP is marked by a high fatality rate, leading to substantial economic repercussions to the global swine industry. Current vaccination strategies against APP primarily include bacterin vaccines, subunit vaccines, and live attenuated vaccines.

MTS1 regulates rice plant architecture by mediating phosphoinositide metabolism.

Plant architecture is an agronomically important trait affecting grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Here, we identified a gene, Moderate-tillering and Semi-dwarf 1 (MTS1), which encodes a type II Inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (5PTase).

Facile preparation of alkali metal-modified hollow nanotubular manganese-based oxide catalysts and their excellent catalytic soot combustion performance.

The soot emitted during the operation of diesel engine exhaust seriously threatens the human health and environment, so treating diesel engine exhaust is critical. At present, the most effective method for eliminating soot particles is post-treatment technology. Preparation of economically viable and highly active soot combustion catalysts is a pivotal element of post-treatment technology.

LncRNA H19 and miR-138 modulate retinal neovascularization and associated pathological features in hypoxia-induced disease models.

In this study, we investigated the mechanism of action of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 to evaluate potential novel therapeutic targets in retinal neovascular diseases. Following establishment of an oxygen-induced mouse retinopathy (OIR) model, we knocked down lncRNA H19 and microRNA (miR)-138 by intravitreal injection of adenovirus and assessed the outcomes of interference and overexpression by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Additionally, we observed vascular lesions of the retina by hematoxylin and eosin staining and retinal paving staining and detected the expression of relevant factors by Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence.

Prevalence of Avian Influenza Viruses and Biomolecular Analysis of H9N2 Subtype in Live Poultry Markets from 2021 to 2023 in Changsha, China.

Environmental monitoring of avian influenza virus (AIV) in live poultry markets (LPMs) is vital for health risk forewarning, and survey of AIV environmental prevalence and biomolecular analysis of keystone subtypes remain essential. In this study, 970 biosamples were collected from air, poultry, water, and other environmental specimens of LPMs in Changsha from 2021 to 2023, and environmental prevalence survey of AIV and biomolecular analysis of H9N2 subtype were then conducted. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was employed to detect the AIV and its subtypes (H5/H7/H9), revealing the positive rates of 68.

An mRNA lipid nanoparticle-incorporated nanofiber-hydrogel composite for cancer immunotherapy.

Hydrogel materials have emerged as versatile platforms for various biomedical applications. Notably, the engineered nanofiber-hydrogel composite (NHC) has proven effective in mimicking the soft tissue extracellular matrix, facilitating substantial recruitment of host immune cells and the formation of a local immunostimulatory microenvironment. Leveraging this feature, here we report an mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-incorporated NHC microgel matrix, termed LiNx, by incorporating LNPs loaded with mRNA encoding tumour antigens.

A theoretical epidemiological investigation into the transmission of respiratory infectious diseases during group meals among military personnel based on an individual-based model.

Introduction: Within military settings, soldiers are arranged to eat together in a self-service manner for every meal. The process of food selection and consumption often leads to close contact amongst individuals, heightening the risk of respiratory infectious disease transmission. To comprehend the transmission dynamics during communal dining, we have conducted an in-depth epidemiological investigation.

Quantitatively analyzing the relationship between non-pharmaceutical interventions and the direction of virus evolution using a dynamic model.

Introduction: Since the emergence of COVID-19 in 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has persisted in mutating, giving rise to multiple variants of concern that have triggered several pandemics globally. The evolutionary trajectory of the virus is shaped by a combination of stochastic factors and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Investigating the direction of virus evolution and its underlying determinants is crucial for forecasting epidemic trends and formulating scientific responses to emerging infectious diseases.

Constructing Built-In Electric Field in Hierarchical-Flower Heterostructure for High-Performance Serum Metabolic Assay.

Laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) is a critical platform for high-throughput nontargeted metabolomics analysis in clinical diagnosis. However, traditional organic matrices inherently suffer from background interference in the low-mass range and exhibit low sensitivity for small molecule detections. Heterostructure has been regarded as an effective structure for high charge carrier mobility and tunable band gaps, which can enhance ion transfer efficiency and photothermal conversion during the LDI-MS process.

Successful treatment of very severe aplastic anemia with double unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation in a donor-specific antigen positive adult patient: A case report and review.

To overcome the cell-dose barrier of cord blood, double unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) has become increasingly common in adults with severe aplastic anemia (SAA). Pre-existing donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSAs) represent a risk factor for graft failure (GF). Desensitization therapy should be conducted to reduce circulating DSA levels, thereby decreasing the risk of GF.

A Comprehensive and Comparative Study on the Biochemical Composition and Non-Volatile Taste Compounds of Thirteen Shellfish Species.

This study aimed to systematically investigate and compare the biochemical composition of 13 locally abundant shellfish species (Dalian, China) and the taste characteristics of these shellfish and their boiling liquids. The results showed that exhibited the highest level of protein (64.58%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (53.

Targeting inflammation with chimeric antigen receptor macrophages using a signal switch.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy has shown great success in clinical cancer, bringing hope to apply CAR strategies to other clinical settings. Here we developed a CAR macrophage (CAR-M) that recognizes the major inflammatory molecule tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and activates an intracellular IL-4 signalling pathway, thereby programming engineered macrophages for an anti-inflammatory function. CAR-M therapy has exhibited efficacy in mouse models of both acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.