Rapid screening and annotation of the carbonyl submetabolome via bromine isotope-based derivatization sensitization assisted by structure-guided molecular network strategy.

Background: Carbonyl compounds (CCs) are extensively present in biological and food samples with broad concentration range and high reactivity. Despite advances in chemical isotope labelling assistant liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (CIL-LC-MS) to address poor ionization efficiency and weak chromatographic retention, challenges remain in defining potential CCs by report ion and further accurately annotating labelled products due to the lack of experimental spectra. Improved strategies are needed to enhance the annotation of CCs.

Synthesis of Multifunctional Heat Stabilizer Bio-Based Ade-Zn and Its Application in PVC.

Thermal stability is a critical challenge in the application of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). This study aims to develop a bio-based multifunctional thermal stabilizer and biological compound system. Adenine was reacted with anhydrous zinc acetate to synthesize the adenine-zinc complex (Ade-Zn), and its successful synthesis was confirmed using infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and TGA.

Dynamic Co(II)/Co(III) Cycle Driven by Outer- and Inner-Sphere Electron Transfer for Sustained Peroxymonosulfate Activation.

In the realm of transition metal (M) activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS), sluggish reduction kinetics of M often lead to the rapid deactivation of catalytic centers, posing a significant challenge for commercialization of homogeneous advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). We report a pioneering elucidation of a distinct Co(II)/Co(III) cycling mechanism within electrochemically enhanced PMS-AOPs, utilizing Co(II) as a model catalyst. Remarkably, this cycling process predominantly unfolds in the anodic region, rather than the cathodic, revealing a novel aspect of electrochemical modulation.

The efficacy and neuroplasticity of Tuina combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of post-stroke depression: study protocol for a single-center, randomized, controlled trial.

Introduction: Post-stroke depression (PSD), characterized by low mood and low interest, is the most common complication after stroke. The limitations of PSD drug therapy often require multidisciplinary combination therapy in clinical practice. Tuina therapy and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have shown potential in modulating neural plasticity and improving depressive symptoms.

Domain Interactions in a Chimeric Dual-domain Lysin Lead to Broad Bactericidal Activity.

Phage-derived lysins represent a novel, non-traditional therapeutic agent against multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, engineering lysins with broad host range remain poorly addressed. Previously, we reported that the chimeric lysin ClyR, which harbors the CHAP catalytic domain of PlyC lysin (PlyCAC) and the SH3b cell-wall binding domain of PlySs2 lysin (PlySb), exhibits an expanded host range.

Disulfidptosis and Enzymatic-Therapy Augmented Cuproptosis via Adding Spear and Discarding Shield Strategy.

Cuproptosis, a new copper-dependent cell death modality, is increasingly acknowledged for its crucial role in anticancer therapy. It is still hampered by weak activation and the overexpression of cellular self-protective components, such as glutathione (GSH) and copper efflux transporter ATPase. Here, the CuO-based nanoactivators (CGH NAs) are prepared to enhance the "offensive" of cuproptosis toward tumor cells by "adding spears (Cu)" and "discarding shields (GSH, ATPase)" simultaneously.

Contemporaneous symptom networks for multidimensional symptom experience in lung cancer survivors of immunotherapy: A network analysis.

Background: Immunotherapy dramatically increases patient survival and radically changes the way lung cancer is treated. Through intricate network analysis of disease-related symptoms, symptom networks are able to statistically analyze and depict the links between different symptoms. Through symptom network analysis, this study seeks to pinpoint the primary symptoms that immunotherapy-treated lung cancer survivors encounter.

The progress and trends of the mechanism of cardiopulmonary bypass-associated acute lung injury: A narrative review.

Studies into the mechanisms of cardiopulmonary bypass-associated acute lung injury have not presented breakthroughs for many years, resulting in the stagnation of management strategies and clinical medicine measures. This is a key factor affecting the prognoses of open-heart surgery patients. Future studies should focus on key targets of inflammation, such as neutrophils, macrophages, and the glycocalyx cell coat, and further explore advanced technologies, such as gene editing and single-cell sequencing, to reveal the underlying mechanisms of cardiopulmonary bypass-associated acute lung injury and to find effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Protects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Inhibiting the ROS-MLKL-Mediated Cross-Talk Between Oxidative Stress and Necroptosis.

Purpose: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a broad-spectrum anti-tumor anthracycline drug. However, its clinical application is greatly limited due to the side effect of cardiotoxicity. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is one of the major biologically active compounds isolated from propolis, which is effective in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Cecal microbiota transplantation enhances calcium retention through modulation of gut microbiota and intestinal calcium transporter gene expression in chicks.

Bone development during early life is crucial for maintaining skeletal health and productivity in laying hens. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of transferring cecal bacterial material of healthy adult hens on growth performance, gut integrity, microbial development, and bone metabolism of recipient chicks. Cecal contents were collected from 12 healthy Lohmann Pink-shell laying hens aged 47 weeks (donors).

Blockade of IL-1 family cytokines in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic autoimmune disorder, imposes a substantial global health burden through elevated disability rates, systemic complications, and socioeconomic consequences. Chronic synovitis and progressive joint destruction characterize this disease, driven by dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses that amplify synovial inflammation, osteoclastogenesis, and irreversible tissue damage. Aberrant activation of interleukin (IL) -1 family cytokines critically contributes to RA pathogenesis.

Differential regulation of mTOR activity in retinal ganglion cells underlies their distinct susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion.

Retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury drives progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss, yet mechanisms underlying neuronal type-specific vulnerability remain unclear. Using a mouse model of bilateral common carotid artery ligation, we observe decreased vessel density in the inner retina following I/R. Here, the total RGCs exhibit much more cell loss than the intrinsic photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs).

Astragaloside IV as a potent vWbp inhibitor: An innovative strategy to mitigate foodborne Staphylococcus aureus infections.

The rising threat of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), necessitates the development of novel antiinfective strategies. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a significant foodborne pathogen, secretes virulence factors that are crucial to its pathogenicity.

[Regulation of apoptosis and autophagy in hepatoblastoma cells by Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides through Akt/mTOR pathway].

This research investigated the impact of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides(GLP) on hepatoblastoma HepG2 and Huh6 cell models, as well as KM mouse model with in situ transplanted tumors, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of GLP. Cell viability was assessed through the CCK-8 assay, whereas cell proliferation was evaluated by using the BeyoClick~(TM)EdU-488 test. Cell apoptosis was visualized via Hochest 33258 staining, and autophagy was detected through Mrfp-GFP-LC3 dual fluorescence staining.

One-Step Enrichment and Quantitative Analysis of In Vivo Protein Complexes via Dimethylpiperidine Cross-Linker DPST.

In vivo cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) enables the proteome-wide characterization of protein complexes in living cells. However, most XL-MS methods face significant sample loss during enrichment, limiting their applications to limited-quantity samples, and suffer from poor reproducibility (20%-40%), hindering precise quantification. To overcome these challenges, we developed a novel membrane-permeable cross-linker, 2,6-dimethylpiperidine disuccinimidyl tridecanoate (DPST), in which the dimethylpiperidinyl group enables one-step enrichment of cross-linked peptides via tandem mass tags (TMTs) antibody approach, eliminating sample loss from multi-step processes and allowing analysis from as few as 1E4 cells.

Electron flow dynamics in sulfur-based autotrophic bioreduction of Cr(VI) mediated by inorganic carbon species: Insights for environmental remediation.

The deployment of sulfur-based autotrophic bioremediation for in situ groundwater remediation faces hurdles due to electron competition among electron acceptors, impacting contaminant removal efficiency and causing pH instability. Notably, the sulfur-based bioreduction of Cr(VI) [Cr(VI)-SAR] exemplifies gaps in our comprehension of electron competition dynamics with inorganic carbon (IC), and its subsequent influence on pH. Herein, we established a Cr(VI)-SAR system interfaced with diverse IC species, providing definitive insights into electron transfer mechanisms through rigorous multi-biocycle analysis and thermodynamically consistent half-reaction calculations.

Nanoarchitectonics of a covalent organic supramolecular cage (COSC) for fluorescent visual detection of macrolides.

Macrolides, a major group of antibiotic pollutants, have been widely observed in water and sediments. For onsite identification of macrolides in water environments, we designed and synthesized a quadrangular prism-shaped covalent organic supramolecular cage (COSC) an aldol-amine condensation. Multiple hydrogen bonding sites were introduced into the building blocks to increase host-guest interactions.

Trait-Based Life History Strategies Shape Bacterial Niche Breadth.

The ecological niche represents a fundamental property of organisms, reflecting their diversity of utilized resources or environmental tolerances across space and time. Despite a wealth of studies revealing that not all bacteria being everywhere, the key traits that determine niche breadth have remained unclear. Here, bacterial niche breadth based on a large-scale soil survey across a wide range of environmental gradients at a national-scale is characterized, and evaluated their life-history traits utilizing over 2000 bacterial genomic datasets from the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB).

Effect of supplementation continuously in pullet and early lay period with and yeast cell wall on the intestinal morphology, bone parameters, and egg quality of hens.

The aim of this study was to investigate effect of (BS), yeast cell wall (YCW), and their combination on intestinal and bone development and egg production of young hens. A total of 160, one-day-old Hy-Line Sonia chicks were randomly allocated into 4 treatments of 8 replicate cages of 5 birds each. Treatments were arranged in a 2 (0 and 0.

Astragali radix - Curcumae rhizoma herb pair suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma through EGFR/AKT/mTOR pathway and induces lipid peroxidation-related ferroptosis via HIF-1α/HO-1/GPX4 axis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The Astragali Radix - Curcumae Rhizoma herb pair (ACHP) originated from the famous traditional Chinese medicine text "YiXueZhongZhongCanXiLu", in which the two herbs were paired to form Chinese herbal compounds commonly used clinically for digestive system tumors, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although ACHP has been inherited for thousands of years in China, its mechanism against HCC remains unclear.

Aim Of The Study: The study aims to evaluate the effect and explore the mechanism of ACHP against HCC.

Fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio is associated with the prognosis of patients with septic acute kidney injury.

Background: The fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR), a novel inflammatory biomarker, is strongly associated with the incidence of sepsis. Nonetheless, there is a lack of research regarding the FAR and prognosis in individuals with septic acute kidney injury (SAKI). The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between the FAR upon intensive care unit (ICU) admission and overall mortality in patients with SAKI.

Electrochemiluminescence imaging for immunoassay of prostate-specific antigen utilizing AIE-active polymer dots as the probe.

We report, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, an electrochemiluminescent (ECL) immunosensor for the imaging analysis of prostate-specific antigen, using aggregation-induced-emission-active polymer dots (Pdots) as emitters. Assisted by rolling circle amplification, the immunosensor exhibits high sensitivity, with a low detection limit of 4.2 pg mL.

Inhibition of Hepatoblastoma by Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharide via the Induction of HDAC4-p16-RB Axis-Mediated Cellular Senescence.

Hepatoblastoma (HB), the most common primary malignant liver tumor in children, is characterized by high metastatic potential and poor prognosis. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP), the main bioactive compound of Ganoderma lucidum, has not been fully investigated for its therapeutic effects on HB. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of GLP on HB cells and explore the underlying biological mechanisms.

Pantothenic acid alleviates osteoarthritis progression by inhibiting inflammatory response and ferroptosis through the SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that is a major cause of deformity, swelling, pain and even loss of function in the knee joints of the elderly. Pantothenic acid (PA) plays a protective role in many organs due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Herein, we aimed to assess the protective role of PA on osteoarthritis and investigate the underlying molecular mechanism.

Growth Performance and Gut Health of Cold-Stressed Broilers in Response to Supplementation with a Combination of Sodium Butyrate and Vitamin D3.

The current experiment aimed to investigate the effects of sodium butyrate (SB) and vitamin D3 (VD3) supplementation on the growth performance, immune status, antioxidant capacity, and gut health of young broilers under cold stress. A total of 144 1-day-old Arbor Acres chicks were randomly allotted to three treatments with 6 replicates of 8 birds: (1) basal diet; (2) basal diet + cold stress; and (3) basal diet with 1 g/kg SB and 2000 IU/kg VD3 + cold stress. Birds were exposed to cold stress at 16 ± 1 °C for 72 h (d 18-21) and 26 ± 1 °C for the control.