Sleep chart of biological aging clocks across organs and omics.

Optimal sleep plays a vital role in promoting healthy aging and enhancing longevity. This study proposes a Sleep Chart to assess the relationship between sleep duration and 23 biological aging clocks across 17 organ systems or tissues and 3 omics data types (imaging, proteomics, and metabolomics). First, a systemic, U-shaped pattern shows that both short (<6 hours) and long (>8 hours) sleep duration are linked to elevated biological age gaps (BAGs) across 9 brain and body systems and 3 omics types, with optimal sleep time varying by organ and sex ([6.

Multi-organ MRI digitizes biological aging clocks across proteomics, metabolomics, and genetics.

Leveraging clinical phenotypes, neuroimaging, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenetics, biological aging clocks across organ systems and tissues have advanced our understanding of human aging and disease. In this study, we expand this biological aging clock framework to multi-organ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by developing 7 organ-specific MRI-based biological age gaps (MRIBAGs), including the brain, heart, liver, adipose tissue, spleen, kidney, and pancreas. Leveraging imaging, genetic, proteomic, and metabolomic data from 313,645 individuals curated by the MULTI consortium, we link the 7 MRIBAGs to 2,923 plasma proteins, 327 metabolites, and 6,477,810 common genetic variants.

Mutations of two AhTT8 genes reduce the accumulation of anthocyanins and confer the white testa of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.).

Anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PAs), which determine the color of peanut seed coats, not only offer protection to plants under biotic and abiotic stress but also contribute to human health. The white testa peanut contains lower levels of anthocyanins and PAs, yet the mechanisms underlying the white testa phenotype in peanuts remain largely unknown. In the current study, two homologous peanut AhTT8 genes, namely AhTT8_AA and AhTT8_BB, were identified as the key genes controlling the seed coat color of peanuts through BSA-seq analysis and fine mapping.

Identification of the Q-type ZFP gene family in Triticeaes and drought stress expression analysis in common wheat.

C2H2-type zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) are crucial transcription factors in eukaryotes, playing significant roles in various biological processe. The Q-type ZFP, a plant-specific subfamily, are particularly important in responding to abiotic stresses. Wheat is a crucial staple crop in world, with drought significantly affecting its yield and quality.

A Comprehensive and Comparative Study on the Biochemical Composition and Non-Volatile Taste Compounds of Thirteen Shellfish Species.

This study aimed to systematically investigate and compare the biochemical composition of 13 locally abundant shellfish species (Dalian, China) and the taste characteristics of these shellfish and their boiling liquids. The results showed that exhibited the highest level of protein (64.58%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (53.

Wind power prediction using stacking and transfer learning.

As countries focus more on renewable energy, especially wind power, predicting wind power output accurately is crucial for managing power grids and saving costs. This paper presents a new method for ultra-short-term wind power prediction using a combination of Stacking and Transfer Learning. To improve accuracy, we first reduce the data dimensions using PCA.

Energy evolution and damage ontology modeling of coal destruction at different water contents.

The aim of this study was to investigate the energy evolution characteristics and an ontological model of the deformation of coal under different water contents. Uniaxial compression tests were conducted for coal with different water contents, and the analyses were based on the energy principle and the principle of minimum energy dissipation. The results showed that the physical properties of the coal specimens were different under different water contents, the peak strain was positively correlated with water content, and the compressive strength and elastic modulus were negatively correlated with water content.

Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Neuroimaging Biomarkers and Cognition in Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cognitive impairment. The effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive performance among middle-aged patients with OSA and normal cognition remain unclear. To investigate the effects of CPAP therapy over 12 months on neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive performance.

The Encapsulation of Illite Powders with Al(SO)·18HO and Hydrophilic Copolymers: Accelerating and Toughening Cement Hydration Through the Proliferation of 54CaO·MgO·AlO·16SiO Clinker.

Two hydrophilic copolymers containing functional groups such as carboxyl, amido, and sulfonic acid are synthesized using ammonium persulfate-catalyzed free radical polymerization in water. Aluminum sulfate is then introduced, resulting in two polymer complexes that exhibit reduced cement setting times (initial, 1.16-2.

Deformation mechanism and damage energy evolution of coal body under different gas pressures based on the energy principle.

With increasing mining depth, the coal pillars of a coal mine will be in a stressful environment characterized by high gas pressures and unidirectional loading. To investigate the damage evolution characteristics and energy evolution mechanism of coal pillars loaded in a gas pressure environment, a uniaxial compression test was performed on a coal body under different gas pressures using a load testing apparatus for gas-containing coal rocks. The obtained results showed that the mechanical properties of the coal body varied with the gas pressure.

Effect of cooking conditions on sea urchin dumplings.

The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in flavour and taste of sea urchin dumplings subjected to different cooking methods, utilising gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), electronic tongue (E-tongue) analysis, free amino acid content assessment and sensory evaluation. The GC-IMS technique successfully detected 69 volatile compounds in the skin and 60 volatile compounds in the filling of the boiled dumplings. From the established fingerprints, it was found that there were significant differences in the flavour compounds of dumplings skins among the groups.

Subspace identification method-based setpoints tracking control and its applications to the column cleaning process.

As the last subprocess of copper flotation processes, the column cleaning process plays a decisive role in the tailing copper grade (TCG) and concentrate copper grade (CCG), which are the important factors in determining comprehensive economic indicators. Therefore, the problem of setpoints tracking control of TCG and CCG is particularly important. However, the unknown parameters in the column cleaning process bring great challenges to the problem of setpoints tracking.

Machine Learning Integration with Single-Cell Transcriptome Sequencing Datasets Reveals the Impact of Tumor-Associated Neutrophils on the Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy Outcomes in Gastric Cancer.

The characteristics of neutrophils play a crucial role in defining the tumor inflammatory environment. However, the function of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) in tumor immunity and their response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains incompletely understood. By analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing data from over 600,000 cells in gastric cancer (GSE163558 and GSE183904), colorectal cancer (GSE205506), and lung cancer (GSE207422), we identified neutrophil subsets in primary gastric cancer that are associated with the treatment response to ICIs.

The nuclear transportation of CHRONO regulates the circadian rhythm.

The pace of the endogenous circadian clock is important for organisms to maintain homeostasis. CHRONO has been shown to be a core component of the mammalian clock and has recently been implicated to function in several important physiological aspects. To function properly, CHRONO needs to enter the nucleus to repress transcription.

Al(SO)(OH)·5HO Stemming from Complexation of Aluminum Sulfate with Water-Soluble Ternary Copolymer and further Stabilized by Silica Gel as Effective Admixtures for Enhanced Mortar Cementing.

A water-soluble ternary copolymer bearing carboxyl, sulfonic, and amide functional groups was synthesized using ammonium persulfate-catalyzed free radical polymerization in water, resulting in high monomer conversion. This copolymer was then complexed with aluminum sulfate, forming an admixture containing Al(SO)(OH)·5HO, which was subsequently combined with silica gel. Characterization revealed that the synthesized copolymer formed a large, thin membrane that covered both the aluminum compounds and the silica gel blocks.

The Coordination of Aluminum Sulfate with a Water-Soluble Block Copolymer Containing Carboxyl, Amide, Sulfonic and Anhydride Groups Providing Both Accelerating and Hardening Effects in Cement Setting.

Two water-soluble block copolymers composed of acrylic acid (AA), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), and optionally maleic anhydride (MAH) were synthesized through ammonium persulfate-catalyzed free radical polymerization in water. The introduction of aluminum sulfate (AS) into the resulting mixtures significantly reduced the setting times of the paste and enhanced the mechanical strength of the mortar compared to both the additive-free control and experiments facilitated solely by pure AS. This improvement was primarily attributed to the inhibition of rapid Al hydrolysis, which was achieved through coordination of the synthesized block copolymers, along with the formation of newly identified hydrolytic intermediates.

Deciphering the Morphological Difference of Amyloid-β Fibrils in Familial and Sporadic Alzheimer's Diseases.

The aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) into amyloid fibrils is the major pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ fibrils can adopt a variety of morphologies, the relative populations of which are recently found to be associated with different AD subtypes such as familial and sporadic AD (fAD and sAD, respectively). The two AD subtypes differ in their ages of onset, AD-related genetic predispositions, and dominant Aβ fibril morphologies.

Islet amyloid polypeptide fibril catalyzes amyloid-β aggregation by promoting fibril nucleation rather than direct axial growth.

Aberrant aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) into amyloid fibrils underlies the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), respectively. T2D significantly increases AD risk, with evidence suggesting that IAPP and Aβ co-aggregation and cross-seeding might contribute to the cross-talk between two diseases. Experimentally, preformed IAPP fibril seeds can accelerate Aβ aggregation, though the cross-seeding mechanism remains elusive.

Safety and effectiveness of left atrial appendage closure in atrial fibrillation patients with different types of heart failure.

Background: Both atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are common cardiovascular diseases. If the two exist together, the risk of stroke, hospitalization for HF and all-cause death is increased. Currently, research on left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in patients with AF and HF is limited and controversial.

Volatile flavor profiles of douchis from different origins and varieties based on GC-IMS and GC-O-QTOF/MS analysis.

The present study comprehensively characterized the flavor differences between different varieties of douchis from different origins using headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) coupled with gas chromatography-olfactometry-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-O-QTOF/MS). A total of 91 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified using HS-GC-IMS and 70 VOCs were identified using GC-O-QTOF/MS, mainly including acids, aldehydes, esters and alcohols. Additionally, 23 key aroma-presenting compounds were screened in five douchi species using relative odor activity value (ROAV) and the aroma compounds that contributed the most to the aroma varied among the five douchi species.

Polar-coded channel polarization for reducing complexity of soft-decision forward error correction.

To reduce the computational complexity of soft-decision (SD) forward error correction (FEC), we propose a polar coding method with a low-complexity successive cancellation decoder. Polar coding induces channel polarization in which two bit-channels with lower and higher reliabilities are polarized. Only the less-reliable bit-channels are protected by SD-FEC, whereas the more-reliable bit-channels are offloaded, reducing the complexity of SD-FEC decoding.

Recent Progress of Bioinspired Cell Membrane in Cancer Immunotherapy.

By modifying immune cells, immunotherapy can activate immune response to establish long-term immune memory and prevent tumor recurrence. However, their effectiveness is largely constricted by the poor immunogenicity, immune escape, and immune tolerance of the tumor. This is related to the characteristics of the tumor itself, such as genome instability and mutation.

Mechanical characteristics and energy evolution in a rock mass with a weak structural plane.

The present aims to investigate the mechanical characteristics and energy evolution in rock masses containing weak structural planes under conventional triaxial loading conditions. Using a fluid-solid coupling test system of coal rock, numerous conventional triaxial compression tests were performed on rock masses at various dip angles of the structural plane. The obtained empirical outcomes revealed that the deviatoric stress-strain curve of the weak structural plane rock mass with an inclination angle greater than 20° rises step-by-step.

Modelling porcine NAFLD by deletion of leptin and defining the role of AMPK in hepatic fibrosis.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent cause of chronic hepatic disease and results in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which progresses to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Although the Leptin deficient rodent models are widely used in study of metabolic syndrome and obesity, they fail to develop liver injuries as in patients.

Methods: Due to the high similarity with humans, we generated Leptin-deficient (Leptin) pigs to investigate the mechanisms and clinical trials of obesity and NAFLD caused by Leptin.