GASPS: A Multi-Omics Framework for Defining Genomic Aberration-Driven Signatures and Predicting Patient Outcomes in Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Recent advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapies have achieved remarkable success. However, patient responses to treatments with lung cancer vary substantially.

Age-related Vascular Alterations in the Choroid Plexus: Novel Insights from Pathophysiology and Imaging Studies.

The choroid plexus (ChP), a highly vascularized brain structure responsible for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production, undergoes significant age-related changes that may contribute to neurodegenerative diseases involving disrupted immune regulation, fluid homeostasis and waste clearance. Compared to other brain regions, vascular research on the ChP remains limited despite its critical role as a central interface between the blood and CSF. This review focuses on age-related vascular and structural alterations in the ChP from both histopathological and neuroimaging perspectives, and explores their impact on CSF dynamics, immune regulation, and the integrity of the blood-CSF barrier (BCSFB).

Unravelling Microstructure Selection in an Additively Manufactured Eutectic High-Entropy Alloy.

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are promising candidates for advanced structural applications due to their excellent mechanical properties. Additive manufacturing (AM), with its rapid solidification conditions, enables the creation of unique nonequilibrium microstructures. To fully leverage the synergy between AM and HEAs, understanding how processing affects structure and properties is essential.

Integrated machine learning and population attributable fraction analysis of systemic inflammatory indices for mortality risk prediction in diabetes and prediabetes.

Background: Chronic systemic inflammation is a key contributor to cardiometabolic complications in diabetes mellitus (DM) and prediabetes (PreDM). Composite inflammatory indices-including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), platelet-to-hemoglobin ratio (PHR), and aggregate inflammation systemic index (AISI)-have shown prognostic value for mortality. However, their integrated assessment using machine learning and quantification at the population level remain limited.

Enhanced catalytic performance of transition metal-doped Co/TiO for continuous-flow synthesis of borneol from isoborneol.

Borneol, a pharmaceutically important monoterpenoid, has emerged as a key ingredient in modern medicinal formulations. Here, we report a highly efficient heterogeneous catalytic system using transition metal-doped Co/TiO catalysts for the continuous-flow isomerization of isoborneol to borneol. Through systematic screening of bimetallic combinations, we demonstrate that Cu and Ni dopants synergistically enhance the redox properties of Co species, particularly improving hydrogenation-dehydrogenation efficiency in the isomerization of isoborneol.

Efficient and selective leaching of nickel and cobalt from nickel laterite ore by a combined atmospheric acid leaching-ferric chloride solution leaching process: optimization and mechanism.

Low-selectivity leaching of nickel and/or cobalt is a major problem for atmospheric acid leaching processes, while harsh leaching conditions make the pressurised acid leaching process costly. Thus, the development of an efficient and selective leaching process of cobalt and nickel under mild conditions is required. Here, a combined atmospheric acid leaching-ferric chloride solution leaching process was developed to leach cobalt and nickel selectively and efficiently over iron from nickeliferous laterite ores.

Postpartum depression risk prediction using explainable machine learning algorithms.

Objective: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common and serious mental health complication after childbirth, with potential negative consequences for both the mother and her infant. This study aimed to develop an explainable machine learning model to predict the risk of PPD and to identify its key predictive factors.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1,065 women who attended their 6-week postpartum follow-up visit at a tertiary maternal and child healthcare hospital in Shenyang, China, from January to December 2021.

Discoidin, CUB and LCCL domain containing 2 modulates angiogenesis by inhibiting VEGF receptor 2 endocytosis in endothelial cells.

The internalization of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) occurs in response to VEGF treatment, and it is eventually transported to the plasma membrane by several endosomes such as Rab5 and Rab11, which are responsible for transporting vesicles from the cytoplasm to plasma membrane. Therefore, the homeostasis of VEGFR-2 internalization and recycling is critical for maintaining the normality of the VEGF signaling pathway and regulates angiogenesis. Previous studies have shown that discoidin, CUB and LCCL domain containing 2 (DCBLD2) can promote the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) by promoting the VEGF signaling pathway, but the potential role of DCBLD2 on VEGFR-2 endocytosis remains unclear.

Charting the spatial transcriptome of the human cerebral cortex at single-cell resolution.

A high-resolution spatial physiological atlas of cortical neurons serves as an essential reference for studying neurological diseases and is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the cortical functions and physiological mechanisms. Although previous studies have elucidated the cellular basis of individual cortex, the molecular characteristics and precise spatial organization of neural cells within multiple human cortex remain incompletely understood. Subcellular-level spatial transcriptomic sequencing and snRNA-seq enabled mapping of 14 human cortical regions, creating a single-cell atlas with transcriptomic data from 1,121,772 nuclei and spatial profiles from 1,888,306 cells to characterize neural cell organization.

Qualitative study on the sense of meaning in life in uremic patients undergoing initial hemodialysis.

Background: For patients with uraemia, the most effective treatment, aside from surgical interventions like kidney transplantation, is maintenance haemodialysis. First-time haemodialysis patients often lack an understanding of the treatment, making them susceptible to negative emotions such as anxiety and depression, as well as shifts in their perception of life's meaning. This study aims to explore the sense of meaning in life experienced by patients undergoing their first session of haemodialysis.

Refining Prognosis and Treatment Strategies Beyond the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Lung Metastases: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Lung metastasis is the most common site of extrahepatic spread in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with significantly poorer outcomes. Current guidelines classify these patients as Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C, recommending systemic therapy alone. However, this one-size-fits-all approach may overlook potential benefits in selected patients.

Tea Polyphenol Modulates Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane of Hippocampal Neurons Targeting Grp75 to Ameliorate Memory Impairment in the Aged T2DM Rats.

Tea polyphenol (TP), as the most abundant and unique functional substance of tea, has been widely studied for the neuroprotective effects. Previous studies also found that TP improves the memory impairment of the aged T2DM rats, but the underlying molecular mechanism has not been fully clarified. The model of aged T2DM was induced by injecting D-galactose and STZ intraperitoneally, as well as feeding with a high-glucose-fat diet in rats, and D-galactose and D-glucose were used in PC12 cells.

AI-assisted multi-modal information for the screening of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Depression is a prevalent and costly mental disorder across all ages. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted physiological and behavioral information-such as electroencephalography (EEG), eye movement, video or audio monitoring, and gait analysis-offers a promising tool for depression screening. We systematically reviewed the classification performance of these AI-assisted measures in depression screening.

Molecular and genetic evidence for the role of AMBRA1 in suppressing S-phase entry and tumorigenesis.

AMBRA1, which was initially reported to be essential for nervous system development via autophagy and cell proliferation control, also functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating the ubiquitination of D-type cyclins through interaction with DDB1-Cullin4A/4 B E3 ligase. We had identified a missense mutation in through exome analysis of a family with Cowden syndrome. The patient-type mutant showed reduced DDB1 binding and impaired cyclin D degradation.

A dual-dimension collaborative enhancement framework to boost language model spatial semantic understanding.

Spatial expressions, which describe the spatial relationships between objects, are a common phenomenon in natural language. Accurately understanding the semantics of spatial expressions in text requires not only linguistic knowledge but also spatial cognition to construct spatial scenarios, and world knowledge for spatial reasoning. The task of spatial semantic understanding demands strong logical reasoning capabilities, posing a significant challenge for small language models with limited parameters.

The impact of ADL disability in middle-aged and older adults on the incidence of hip fractures and the mediating role of depression: a longitudinal evidence from CHARLS.

Background: Hip fractures pose a major public health burden in aging populations, driven by rising osteoporosis prevalence and demographic aging. In China, nearly 2 million new cases occurred in 2019, disproportionately affecting middle-aged and older women. Despite extensive research on biomedical risk factors, mechanistic links between Activities of Daily Living (ADL) disability and hip fractures remain unclear.

Pluronic F127-controlled synthesis of three-dimensional lignocellulose-derived carbon aerogels for removal of antibiotic pollutants.

In this work, liquefied wood-derived lignocellulosic carbon aerogel (WCA-F), fabricated using Pluronic F127 as a soft template, was employed for the removal of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) and sulfadiazine (SDZ) from aqueous solutions. Characterization via SEM, BET, and adsorption experiments demonstrated that F127 introduction plays a dominant role in constructing a unique three-dimensional (3D) network architecture. This structure endows WCA-F with a high specific surface area (1209.

Drug functionalized organic electromechanical transistor for rapid and sensitive detection of C-reactive protein.

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a critical biomarker for inflammation and postoperative recovery monitoring. Organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) plays a key role in CRP detection, however, with a limited sensitivity in physiological environment due to inefficient charge transfer within the Debye length. Here, we introduce rosuvastatin (RSV) drug as a novel recognition element for CRP detection in OECT biosensors.

Cordycepin Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Promotes Apoptosis in Fibrosarcoma HT1080 Cells by Targeting Akt1 and Kinase Activity Through Network Pharmacology Analysis.

Fibrosarcoma cells exhibit low sensitivity to chemotherapy and significant drug resistance, emphasizing the urgent need for effective, low-toxicity therapeutic agents with reliable production methods and novel treatment strategies. Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) has shown promising therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. In this study, cordycepin was produced using a genetically engineered Pichia pastoris strain cultured in an inorganic salt medium and purified to over 98% purity via macroporous resin chromatography, providing a cost-effective production alternative.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of heat shock protein superfamily in the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii: phylogenetic, structural, and expression profiles analyses.

The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, belonging to Hemiptera Aphididae is a worldwide pest on various plants. This pest is particularly notorious for its high tolerance to both temperature and insecticides. Heat shock proteins (HSPs), which have been recognized as molecular chaperones, play pivotal roles in the response of insects to environmental stress.

Renewable DNA tetrahedron Interface enabling ultrasensitive detection of copper via synergetic enhancement of click chemistry and DNAzyme catalysis.

Copper is an essential trace element that plays critical roles in numerous physiological processes, including mitochondrial respiration, antioxidant defense, and neurotransmitter biosynthesis. However, an imbalance in copper homeostasis can lead to severe health disorders. Copper deficiency is linked to diseases such as anemia and neutropenia, while copper overload is associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Wilson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.

[Quantitative Analysis of the Drivers of Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Vegetation Cover in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Ecological Barrier Area].

The Taihangshan-Yanshan Region （TYR） is an important ecological barrier region for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. The effectiveness of its ecological protection is of great significance to the ecological security pattern of Northern China. In this study， based on the 22 a long time series of fractional vegetation cover （FVC） data from 2000-2021， we explored the spatial and temporal succession process of vegetation cover in the TYR by using methods such as spatio-temporal heterogeneity analysis and correlation analysis and quantitatively separated the contributions of climate change and human activities to the impact of the FVC.

Dome-celled aerogels with ultrahigh-temperature superelasticity over 2273 K.

Aerogels are known for their high porosity and very low density and can be made from a range of materials, but are limited by structural instability under extreme thermomechanical conditions. We report on 194 types of dome-celled ultralight aerogels that maintain superior elasticity spanning from 4.2 kelvin (K) to 2273 K, realized by a two-dimensional channel-confined chemistry method.

PETFormer-SCL: a supervised contrastive learning-guided CNN-transformer hybrid network for Parkinsonism classification from FDG-PET.

Purpose: Accurate differentiation of Parkinsonism subtypes-including Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)-is essential for clinical prognosis and treatment planning. However, this remains a major challenge due to overlapping symptomatology and high inter-individual variability in cerebral glucose metabolism patterns observed on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET).

Methods: To address these challenges, we propose PETFormer-SCL, a clinically informed deep learning framework that integrates convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with a channel-wise Transformer module, guided by supervised contrastive learning (SCL).