Development of oat-derived biomimetic macrocapsules via hierarchically crosslinked polysaccharide matrix.

The rapid digestion of starch can cause blood sugar spikes, contributing to health issues like diabetes. Encapsulating starch to control its digestibility is a promising strategy in functional food development. A hierarchical core-shell microarchitecture was designed through sequential encapsulation, co-encapsulating oat starch and protein within a nutrient-dense core, followed by the assembly of tunable polysaccharide shells.

Insight into conformation and foaming properties of RuBisCO-enriched Edible dock leaf protein concentrates.

As the most abundant plant protein on Earth, RuBisCO represents a promising sustainable alternative to animal-derived ingredients. This study compared the pH-induced conformational changes and foaming properties of RuBisCO-enriched Edible dock leaf protein concentrate (RPI) extracted via an alkali-ultrafiltration method, with commercial protein isolates. The results demonstrated that RPI exhibited greater flexibility than other proteins under pH modulation.

Tea Polyphenol Modulates Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane of Hippocampal Neurons Targeting Grp75 to Ameliorate Memory Impairment in the Aged T2DM Rats.

Tea polyphenol (TP), as the most abundant and unique functional substance of tea, has been widely studied for the neuroprotective effects. Previous studies also found that TP improves the memory impairment of the aged T2DM rats, but the underlying molecular mechanism has not been fully clarified. The model of aged T2DM was induced by injecting D-galactose and STZ intraperitoneally, as well as feeding with a high-glucose-fat diet in rats, and D-galactose and D-glucose were used in PC12 cells.

The physicochemical and functional attributes of edible dock proteins concentrates.

Amidst rapid global population growth and associated increasing protein deficits, the development of novel protein resources has become imperative. This study investigates the techno-functional properties of Edible dock proteins concentrates (EDP) under varying pH conditions to assess its potential as a functional food ingredient. EDP possesses an excellently balanced amino acid composition, with solubility exceeding 97 % at pH ≥7 and a minimum of 13 % at pH 5.

Migration and distribution of thallium related with lead-zinc smelting enterprises from raw materials to soil: In-situ insight using diffusive gradients in thin-films.

Thallium-related industrial materials (TIMs) from the mining and smelting of lead-zinc ores may lead to thallium (Tl) contamination in the soil. Building upon the soil column experiments, this study employed the diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) technique and the DGT-induced fluxes in soils (DIFS) model to understand the migration and distribution characteristics of Tl from lead-zinc industrial raw materials to soil, as well as its adsorption-desorption kinetics in soil. The results indicated that Tl concentrations in the leachate from fly ash (0.

The prevention and improvement effects of vitamin D on type 2 diabetes mellitus: evidence from an umbrella review on Meta-analyses of cohort studies and randomized controlled trials.

Background: To clarify whether Vitamin D prevent the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and improve glucose control in T2DM patients, we conducted this umbrella review, taking into account the inconsistent results of existing Meta-analyses. We aim to reveal the causal relationship between Vitamin D and T2DM through summarizing Meta-analyses of observational studies, and clarify the improvement on glucose control in T2DM patients through summarizing Meta-analyses of RCT studies between Vitamin D supplementation and T2DM patients, especially in T2DM patients with Vitamin D deficiency.

Methods: We collected the Meta-analyses of observational studies and RCTs in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane.

The Association Between Inflammatory Dietary Pattern and Risk of Cognitive Impairment Among Older Adults with Chronic Diseases and Its Multimorbidity: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The present study aimed to explore the association between the inflammatory potential of diet, assessed by energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) and reduced rank regression (RRR)-derived inflammatory dietary pattern, and the risk for cognitive impairment (CI) in community-dwelling older adults, especially in older adults with chronic diseases and multimorbidity.

Methods: A total of 549 older adults from Taiyuan city were included in the present cross-sectional study. The Chinese Version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (CMMSE) was used for the evaluation of cognitive function.

[Mechanism of tea polyphenols improving the sarcopenia in the aged type 2 diabetes model rats via mitochondrial quality control].

Objective: To explore whether tea polyphenols(TP) improve sarcopenia in the aged type 2 diabetes(T2DM)model rats via mitochondrial quality control(MQC).

Methods: A total of 55 2-month-old male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group(n=10), the aged model group(aged, n=10) and the aging T2DM model group(n=35). The aging T2DM model group rats were fed with high-sugar and high-fat diet and intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg D-galactose daily.

Targeting microbiota-immune-synaptic plasticity to explore the effect of tea polyphenols on improving memory in the aged type 2 diabetic rat model.

Objectives: The study aimed to explore whether TP could improve memory in the aged type 2 diabetic rat model by regulating microbiota-immune-synaptic plasticity axis.

Methods: The experiment was divided into two parts. Firstly, to investigate the effects of TP on the physiopathology of the aged T2DM model rats, rats were randomly divided into the Normal control group, the aged group, the Aged T2DM model group, the TP 75, 150, 300 mg/kg groups, the 150 mg/kg Piracetam group and the 3 mg/kg Rosiglitazone group.

[Tea polyphenols improves depression-like behavior in aged type 2diabetes rats by regulating microglia polarization].

Objective: To investigate the effect of tea polyphenols(TP) on improving depression-like behavior in aged type 2 diabetes(T2DM) model rats.

Methods: A total of 40 8-week-old SD male rats were randomly divided into the control group(n=10) and the modeling group(n=30) according to the body weight. The rats in the modeling group were fed with high-glucose and high-fat diet and treated with 50 mg/kg D-galactose by intraperitoneal injection daily until the end of the experiment, while the rats in the control group were fed with the standard diet and treated with an equal volume of saline by intraperitoneal injection.

Structure and functional characteristics of starch from different hulled oats cultivated in China.

This work aimed to evaluate the structure and functional characteristics of starch from ten hulled oat cultivars grown in different locations in China. The protein, phosphorus, amylose, and starch contents were 0.2-0.

Crosstalk between protein post-translational modifications and phase separation.

The phenomenon of phase separation is quite common in cells, and it is involved in multiple processes of life activities. However, the current research on the correlation between protein modifications and phase separation and the interference with the tendency of phase separation has some limitations. Here we focus on several post-translational modifications of proteins, including protein phosphorylation modification at multiple sites, methylation modification, acetylation modification, ubiquitination modification, SUMOylation modification, etc.

Targeting ERS-mitophagy in hippocampal neurons to explore the improvement of memory by tea polyphenols in aged type 2 diabetic rats.

Increasing evidence demonstrated that mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) was closely associated with memory decline in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Tea polyphenols (TP), an excellent natural antioxidant, has been reported to have neuroprotective properties in aging and diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. This study targets ERS-mitophagy in hippocampal neurons to investigate the improvement effect of memory in aged T2DM rats by TP.

Long non-coding RNA EGOT is associated with iodine sensitivity and contributes to thyroid cancer progression by targeting miR-641/PTEN axis.

Thyroid cancer is a prevalent endocrine malignancy around the world. Radioactive iodine (I) therapy is widely applied in TC patients, but the resistance affects its effectiveness in the clinics. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) EGOT has been reported to induce an inhibitory effect on cancer progression, but the specific function of EGOT in I resistance of TC cells remains unclear.

Magnetic porous carbon material derived from imine-linked covalent organic frameworks for magnetic solid phase extraction of trace chlorine-containing herbicides in soil.

Here, imine-linked covalent organic frameworks coated FeO microspheres were fabricated and employed as the self-template to prepare magnetic porous carbon material. The magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) performance of such magnetic covalent organic frameworks derived porous carbons (CMCOFs) were studied for the first time, and the improved MSPE performance was verified. The variations of chemical and material properties in the carbonization processes were studied, and it was found that the CMCOFs carbonated at 400°C exhibited highest adsorption efficiencies for chlorine-containing herbicides due to the formation of nitrile components at this stage.

Fabrication of phytoglycogen-derived core-shell nanoparticles: Structure and characterizations.

The objective of this work was to investigate the fabrication of core-shell nanoparticles using phosphorylase-catalyzed chain extension of phytoglycogen, and to analyze the changes of structure and characterizations in detail. During the glucosylation reaction, the inorganic phosphate increased substantially up to 2.3 mg/mL in the initial 12 h, and then increased incrementally to 2.

Biomimetic synthesis of maltodextrin-derived dendritic nanoparticle and its structural characterizations.

The maltodextrin-derived dendritic nanoparticle was fabricated using microbial branching enzyme and its structural characterizations were investigated. During biomimetic synthesis, molecular weight distribution of maltodextrin substrate with 6.8 × 10 g/mol shifted to the narrower and uniform distribution region with the larger molecular weight up to 6.

Impact of rapid rehabilitation surgery on perioperative nursing in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) on perioperative nursing of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of science, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP using predefined search strings from inception of database to May 2021. Randomized control trials (RCTs) with sample size >40 on cardiac surgery with either ERAS nursing or routine nursing reporting extubation (trachea) time, length of stay, out of bed activity time, and nursing satisfaction were included in the analysis.

Mediation Effects of IL-1β and IL-18 on the Association Between Vitamin D Levels and Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Chinese Older Adults: A Case-Control Study in Taiyuan, China.

Objective: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a common, chronic, and complex disease in the elderly, which is often influenced by a variety of factors that include nutrition and inflammation. This study was undertaken to evaluate the mediation effects of inflammation on the association between vitamin D levels and MCI.

Methods: We explored the associations of inflammation and cognitive impairment related to 25(OH)D deficiency among 360 older people from the communities in China.

Robust Beamforming Based on Graph Attention Networks for IRS-Assisted Satellite IoT Communications.

Satellite communication is expected to play a vital role in realizing Internet of Remote Things (IoRT) applications. This article considers an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted downlink low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication network, where IRS provides additional reflective links to enhance the intended signal power. We aim to maximize the sum-rate of all the terrestrial users by jointly optimizing the satellite's precoding matrix and IRS's phase shifts.

Exploration of severe Covid-19 associated risk factor in China: Meta-analysis of current evidence.

Aim: This meta-analysis aimed to explore potential risk factors for severe Covid-19.

Methods: We systemically and comprehensively retrieved the eligible study evaluating clinical differences between severe vs non-severe Covid-19. Main effect sizes were demographic characteristics, comorbidities, signs and symptoms, laboratory findings as well as radiological features of chest CT.

Temporal responses of hydrochemical variables and dissolved Fe(II) to flooding at a lake riparian wetland under different vegetation revealing by high resolution DGT.

The interplay between hydrological and biogeochemical processes in riparian wetland was recognized to lead directly to the temporal variations of surface water quality. However, the effects of flooding and vegetation on the release and entrapment of heavy metals and nutrients in riparian wetland remain poorly understood. The study aimed at investigating the influences of flooding and vegetation on the hydrochemical and Fe-redox change in the soil porewater and shallow groundwater, in Poyang lake riparian wetland through hydrochemical monitoring and diffusive gradient technology (DGT).