AI-assisted near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent sensor for ultrafast and portable visual detection of Bacillus anthracis biomarkers.

Contamination by Bacillus anthracis in food and the environment poses a significant public health risk to both humans and animals, with dipicolinic acid (DPA) serving as an effective biomarker for its detection. In this work, a novel AI-assisted near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent sensing system based on rapid coordination cross-linking and multiple fluorescence response mechanisms was proposed for ultrafast and portable visual detection of Bacillus anthracis biomarkers. A near-infrared (NIR) ratiometric fluorescent probe with multiple fluorescence response mechanisms was developed for sensitive detection of DPA, using carbon dots (B-CDs) and CdTe quantum dots (QD686).

Sotagliflozin attenuates atrial oxidative stress and the susceptibility to atrial fibrillation by activating the NRF2/HO-1 pathway.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of sustained cardiac arrhythmia. Sotagliflozin (Sota), an SGLT1/2 inhibitor, has demonstrated potential cardiovascular protective effects, but its role and underlying mechanisms in AF remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of Sota on AF and explore the underlying mechanisms.

Integrated machine learning and population attributable fraction analysis of systemic inflammatory indices for mortality risk prediction in diabetes and prediabetes.

Background: Chronic systemic inflammation is a key contributor to cardiometabolic complications in diabetes mellitus (DM) and prediabetes (PreDM). Composite inflammatory indices-including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), platelet-to-hemoglobin ratio (PHR), and aggregate inflammation systemic index (AISI)-have shown prognostic value for mortality. However, their integrated assessment using machine learning and quantification at the population level remain limited.

Photocatalytic anti-Markovnikov hydro- and haloazidation of alkenes.

Hydroazidation of alkenes provides a direct entry to alkyl azides, which are prevalent structural motifs in medicine development and chemical biology probes. While direct access to anti-Markovnikov hydroazidation products has seen recent progress, these protocols are restricted to highly oxidative hypervalent iodine reagents or superstoichiometric metal salts under photochemical conditions with moderate olefin generality. Thus, the development of a mild, catalytic, redox-neutral hydroazidation with high anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity compatible with diverse classes of alkene remains challenging.

Adjoint analysis of PM and O episodes in priority control zones in China.

Understanding and mitigating PM and ozone (O) pollution remains challenging due to the nonlinear atmospheric chemistry and spatially heterogeneous nature of pollutant emissions. Traditional forward modeling approaches suffer from high computational cost and limited diagnostic resolution to precisely attribute emissions sources at fine spatial, temporal, and chemical scales. Adjoint modeling has emerged as an efficient alternative, enabling high-resolution, multi-pollutant source attribution in a single integrated framework; however, its application to simultaneous PM-O pollution episodes is limited, particularly in densely populated regions experiencing complex co-pollutant interactions.

Combination of isobavachalcone and amphotericin B has antifungal effect against and protects host tissue damage by inhibiting ferroptosis.

Despite recent advancements in antifungal therapy, the antifungal armamentarium remains limited compared to antibiotics available for bacterial infections. Developing novel and effective therapeutic strategies is imperative but challenging. One promising approach involves synergizing existing antifungals with complementary agents to enhance efficacy and reduce the required dosages.

Efficacy and safety of modified combined dorsal-volar approach for internal fixation in high-energy trauma-induced comminuted distal radius fracture with concomitant scaphoid fracture.

This study investigated the clinical outcomes of the modified combined dorsal-volar approach for internal fixation of comminuted distal radius fractures complicated by scaphoid fractures resulting from high-energy trauma. A cohort of 100 patients with concurrent distal radius and scaphoid fractures underwent surgical management by this approach. Postoperative assessments included wrist joint function recovery, operative parameters (surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospital stay), range of motion (ROM), functional scores (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand [DASH], Bartra, and Gartland-Werley), fracture healing-related indicators, and serum inflammatory cytokine levels.

Iodine uptake variability as a predictive biomarker for radioiodine therapy outcomes in Graves Disease: Validation through multi-time-point RAIU assessment in a 1249-patient cohort.

Aims: To investigate the impact of iodine uptake variability (IUV) as a predictive biomarker associated with Graves Disease (GD) on the success rate of radioiodine (RAI) therapy for GD within 36 months, and discover IUV indicators for predicting GD prognosis.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included patients with GD who underwent RAI therapy at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between October 2012 and October 2022. Spearman correlation and maximal information coefficient analyses were used, along with hierarchical clustering and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.

Social determinants of health and age-related differences in all-cause mortality: evidence from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background: Unfavorable social determinants of health (SDoH) are linked to higher risks of poor health, but evidence on their age-specific distribution and association with all-cause mortality are limited.

Methods: We analyzed NHANES data (2003-2018) from 14,604 participants, stratified by age and cumulative unfavorable SDoH. The association between SDoH and all-cause mortality was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox regression models, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis.

Association between the Life's Essential 8 Health Behaviors and Prognosis in Patients with Advanced Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and mortality risk in patients with advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome, focusing on the prognostic impact of its health behavior and health factor components.

Method: A total of 10,321 participants were included from the NHANES. Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox proportional-hazards models, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to assess the associations of LE8, health behaviors, and health factors with mortality risk.

Association between systemic inflammatory markers and depression: A meta-analysis.

Background: Many studies have evaluated possible associations between the SII, NLR, SIRI, AISI, NLPR with depression, but the results remain controversial.

Objective: To determine the association between levels of the systemic inflammatory markers and the prevalence of depression.

Methods: Databases like Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for relevant studies.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy: a new non-invasive way to conduct pulmonary artery denervation.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a severe and life-threatening disease characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. Catheter-based pulmonary artery denervation (PADN) has been conducted in pulmonary arterial hypertension patients; however, if stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) can become a new non-invasive way to conduct, PADN has not been elucidated.

Methods: A total of 12 healthy male New Zealand rabbits were digitally marked on their foreheads and randomly divided into the control group ( = 6) and SBRT group ( = 6) at a ratio of 1:1 using computer-generated random numbers.

Dimension Engineering of Boron Nitride Nanostructures through Catalytic Flash Joule Heating.

Boron nitride (BN) is well-known for its excellent thermal conductivity, high chemical stability, and low dielectric constant, making it widely used as a lubricant, thermal management material, and electrical insulator. For different applications, the nanostructure of BN plays a prominent role. In particular, boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are preferred for enhancing the properties in specific directions.

Medical care-seeking attitude and behaviour for urinary incontinence and associated factors among Chinese adult women.

Background: It is estimated that many women globally suffer from urinary incontinence (UI); however, widespread reluctance remains to seek medical care for this condition. This delay contributes to the increasing prevalence of UI as a significant public health concern. The aim of this study is to assess medical care-seeking attitudes towards UI in the general female population, as well as the medical care-seeking behaviors of patients, and identify potential barriers.

Cardiovascular Disease Attributable to High Systolic Blood Pressure in Younger Adults Requires Greater Attention: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the most significant global burden among all diseases. High systolic blood pressure (HBP) is the most prevalent risk factor for CVD. This study aims to investigate the global burden of CVDs attributable to high systolic blood pressure (HBP-CVD) and to assess the effectiveness of disease control across different age groups.

Association of human-specific expanded short tandem repeats with neuron-specific regulatory features.

Short tandem repeats (STRs), characterized by high-copy number mutations, represent one of the fastest-evolving genomic elements. However, human-specific expanded STRs (heSTRs) have lacked comprehensive genome-wide characterization. Leveraging 148 human and 26 nonhuman primate haploid genomes, we identified 8813 heSTRs with robust expansions in copy number distributions.

Ruthenium/Carbon Nanocomposites for Efficient Hydrogen Electrocatalysis: Impacts of Halide Residues.

Ruthenium has emerged as a promising substitute for platinum toward the hydrogen evolution/oxidation reaction (HER/HOR). Herein, ruthenium/carbon composites are prepared by magnetic induction heating (300 A, 10 s) of RuCl, RuBr or RuI loaded on hollow N-doped carbon cages (HNC). The HNC-RuCl-300A sample consists of Ru nanoparticles (dia.

L-shaped relationship between stress hyperglycemia ratio and cardiovascular disease risk in middle-aged and older adults: Insight from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) has emerged as a potential marker for predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. However, its relationship with CVD and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and older Chinese populations remains unclear.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), including individuals aged 45 years and older.

Prevalence of urinary incontinence among nulliparous women and its association with underweight body mass index: a secondary analysis of a nationwide cross-sectional study in China.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and its subtypes among nulliparous Chinese women with associated risk factors. The prevalence of UI among those living in urban or rural communities was also analysed with potential risk factors.

Design: This is a secondary analysis of epidemiological survey data on UI in Chinese women.

and Atrial Fibrillation: Insights into Their Inter-Relationship.

() infection and atrial fibrillation (AF) are prevalent global health concerns that significantly impact societal and economic well-being. This study explored the potential associations between infection and the incidence and progression of AF. Emerging research suggests that may influence AF through various pathways, including systemic inflammation, metabolic disturbances, immune responses, and changes in the gut microbiota.

The role of immune cell phenotypes and metabolites in the risk of ischemic stroke: a Mendelian randomization-based mediation analysis.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) occurs when a blood clot obstructs a blood vessel supplying blood to the brain, leading to brain tissue damage due to insufficient oxygen and nutrients. The roles of immune cells and metabolites in IS are increasingly recognized, yet their specific mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: This study conducted a comprehensive statistical analysis to explore the relationships between immune cell phenotypes, metabolite levels, and IS.

Coupling Amorphization and Compositional Optimization of Ternary Metal Phosphides toward High-Performance Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production.

Amorphous materials, with abundant active sites and unique electronic configurations, have the potential to outperform their crystalline counterparts in high-performance catalysis for clean energy. However, their synthesis and compositional optimization remain underexplored due to the strict conditions required for their formation. Here, we report the synthesis of ternary platinum-nickel-phosphorus (PtNiP) amorphous nanoparticles (ANPs) within milliseconds by flash Joule heating, which features ultrafast cooling that enables the vitrification of metal precursors.

Evolving indications and surgical trends in keratoplasty: a 7-year analysis from a Chinese tertiary referral center.

Background: The objectives of this study were to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and spectrum of corneal primary diseases among keratoplasty patients in the southern region of Liaoning Province and to study the changing trends in keratoplasty types and corneal graft materials.

Methods: The medical records of 537 patients who underwent keratoplasty at the Department of Ophthalmology of Dalian Third People's Hospital from 2017 to 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patient demographic (age and sex), primary corneal disease type, keratoplasty type and corneal graft material data were statistically analyzed.

Subclinical myocardial work impairment in non-diabetic overweight and obese individuals: Impact of cardiometabolic traits.

Background: Early detection of cardiac impairment in overweight and obesity is essential for early preventive strategies against heart failure. Myocardial work is a novel echocardiographic parameter that incorporates left ventricular afterload into global longitudinal strain analysis. This study aimed to: 1) assess subclinical alterations of myocardial work among non-diabetic overweight and obese individuals with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); 2) investigate the impact of cardiometabolic traits on these alterations; and 3) determine the correlation between myocardial work and myocardial tissue characteristics.