Targeting Fibrotic Scarring by Mechanoregulation of Il11ra1/Itga11 Fibroblast Patterning Promotes Axon Growth after Spinal Cord Injury.

Fibrotic scarring remains a critic obstacle to axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI). Current strategies primarily concentrating on eliminating extracellular matrix (ECM) components neglect their dispensable roles in maintaining tissue integrity. Here, it is reported that the mechanical strength of an integrated hydrogel composed of hyaluronic acid-graft-dopamine and HRR peptide directs fibroblast migration, determining ECM deposition.

Photobreeding Method for Direct Construction and Continuous Tuning of Strong Metal-Support Interactions at Room Temperature.

The construction of strong metal-support interactions (SMSI) is an effective strategy to enhance and control heterogeneous catalysts. However, conventional methods require pre-synthesized metal-loaded catalysts, followed by SMSI formation via high-temperature treatment under oxidative/reductive atmospheres, adsorbate-mediated treatment, and photo-treatment, adding complexity to catalyst synthesis and hindering continuous interfacial tuning. In this work, a "photobreeding" method is employed to treat ZnCdS, leveraging the UV-induced photochromic reaction of ZnS to generate metallic Zn at room temperature, while CdS remains inert.

Synergistic Ni-Co Metal Nodes in a Conjugated MOF-Modified Separator for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) hold great potential as next-generation energy storage systems due to their high theoretical energy density and relatively low cost. However, their practical application is hindered by issues such as the shuttle phenomenon caused by soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), slow redox reaction rates, and unsatisfactory cycling stability. In this study, novel conjugated metal-organic frameworks, MM″(HHTP) (M, M″ = Ni, Co, Cu) is reported, as a functional coating on polypropylene (PP) separators.

Vitamin D Binding Protein, a Ligand of Integrin beta 1, Motivates Both Tumor Cells and Schwann Cells to Promote Perineural Invasion in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Perineural invasion (PNI) is a common pathological characteristic of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), closely linked to postoperative recurrence, metastasis, and unfavorable prognosis. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms that govern PNI in PDAC remain poorly elucidated. Here, group-specific component protein (GC) is identified as one of the most significantly upregulated genes related to PNI, primarily derived from malignant ductal cells compared to other cell types.

Glycyrrhizin alleviates renal damage in MRL/lpr mice by modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis and regulating the RTK-PKCα axis: insights from reverse network pharmacology.

The present investigation elucidates the therapeutic potential of glycyrrhizin, the predominant triterpene saponin isolated from (licorice), in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disorder characterized by multisystemic involvement and therapeutic recalcitrance. Comprehensive interrogation of multiple disease-specific databases facilitated the identification of crucial SLE-associated molecular targets and hub genes, with MAPK1, MAPK3, TP53, JUN, and JAK2 demonstrating the highest degree of network centrality. Subsequent molecular docking simulations and binding affinity assessments revealed compounds with exceptional complementarity to these pivotal molecular targets, establishing as a pharmacologically promising botanical source and glycyrrhizin as its principal bioactive constituent meriting comprehensive mechanistic investigation.

Mechanisms of Enhanced Efficiency and Stability in Perovskite Luminescence via Rb Interstitial Doping.

Metal halide perovskites have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional photoelectric properties. The alkali metal doping strategy has been demonstrated to effectively modulate grain size, control crystallization kinetics, and adjust band gap characteristics in perovskite. This study employs the first-principles calculations to reveal that the selection of alkali metal species and their corresponding doping methodologies exert markedly distinct influences on both the electronic properties and ion migration kinetics of CsPbBr perovskites.

Asymmetric catalytic synthesis of chiral deuterated compounds.

Deuterated compounds possess significant research value. As interest in chiral deuterated compounds intensifies, various deuteration methods are garnering increased attention. This article primarily reviews the asymmetric deuterium synthesis methods reported in recent years, focusing on the following strategies: one-step reductive deuteration, the series reaction of H/D exchange and asymmetric allylation, the [3+2] asymmetric cycloaddition of 1,3-dipoles and alkenes, asymmetric deuteration photocatalysis, asymmetric deuteration using organic catalysis, and asymmetric deuteration of chiral amino acids and their derivatives through biocatalysis.

Black mulberry anthocyanins induce antidepressant-like effects the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway.

Depression is a widespread mental health condition associated with impaired neuroplasticity and disrupted brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/TrkB signaling. Black mulberry, rich in anthocyanins, shows promise as a natural intervention for its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory profiles. This study evaluated the antidepressant-like effects of black mulberry anthocyanins in mice subjected to chronic mild stress (CMS).

Enhanced Sodium-Ion Battery Performance via Carbon Nanotube-Confined Prussian Blue Crystallites.

Sodium-ion batteries are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage due to their low cost and resource abundance. However, their cathode materials suffer from poor conductivity and limited cycling stability. Here, we report a Prussian blue (PB)-based cathode hybridized with carboxyl-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) via a glutamic acid-assisted in situ coordination route.

Predictive Modeling of Heart Failure Risk Based on Dietary Antioxidants: A Machine Learning Approach.

This study investigates the relationship between dietary antioxidants and heart failure (HF) risk using nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (2005-2018). It aims to identify key dietary antioxidants and develop a machine-learning-based predictive model for HF. Among 9279 participants (434 HF cases), 44 dietary antioxidant variables were extracted from two 24-h dietary recalls.

Ultrasound Active Piezoelectric Nanostimulators for Long-Acting Wireless Deep Brain Electric Stimulation to Inhibit Epileptic Seizures.

Electrical deep brain stimulation is effective for epilepsy suppression, but will lead to neural tissue damage and inflammation due to implantation of electrodes and a pulse generator. Transcranial magnetic and transcranial ultrasound stimulation cannot directly generate effective electrical signals in deep brain regions. Here, the use of piezoelectric nanoparticles is proposed as wireless nanostimulators for deep brain electrical stimulation and minimally invasive suppression of epilepsy.

KLF7 Blocks MKNK2/HIF-1 Pathway-Mediated M1 Microglia Polarization to Ameliorate Ischemic Stroke-Induced Neurological Injury.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a common neurological disease with a significant financial burden but lacks effective drugs. This study sought to explore the mechanisms underlying MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 (MKNK2), a gene enriched in the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling, in IS-related neurological injury.

Methods: Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models were used in vivo and in vitro.

Ergothioneine as a promising natural antioxidant: bioactivities, therapeutic potential, and industrial applications.

Ergothioneine (EGT) is a naturally occurring thiol-containing amino acid derivative synthesized by certain fungi and bacteria, with humans acquiring it exclusively through dietary intake. It has gained increasing attention due to its exceptional antioxidant, cytoprotective, and metal-chelating properties. EGT shows high stability under physiological conditions and can accumulate in specific tissues the highly selective transporter OCTN1.

Ir(III)-catalyzed selective C-H acylmethylation and dicarbonylation of indolizines with β-ketosulfoxonium ylides.

Herein, we report an Ir(III)-catalyzed regioselective C-H acylmethylation of indolizines with β-ketosulfoxonium ylides, enabling the efficient synthesis of C3-functionalized indolizine derivatives. By modifying the reaction conditions, a controllable Ir(III)-catalyzed dicarbonylation of the same substrates was also achieved. In this transformation, β-ketosulfoxonium ylides serve as a rare alternative to conventional oxophenacyl halides.

Interface Engineering Based on Naphthyl Isomerization for High-Efficiency and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells: Theoretical Simulation and Experimental Research.

Perovskites have a large number of intrinsic defects and interface defects, which often lead to non-radiative recombination, and thus affect the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Introducing appropriate passivators between the perovskite layer and the transport layer for defect modification is crucial for improving the performance of PSCs. Herein, two positional isomers, 1-naphthylmethylammonium iodide (NMAI) and 2-naphthylmethylammonium iodide (NYAI) are designed.

Effect of Different Amino Acids on the Kinetic Characteristics of Hydrate Deposition in an Oil-Water Emulsion.

In recent years, amino acids have garnered extensive attention as environmentally friendly, small-dose additives for modulating hydrate formation and aggregation behavior. Amino acids, due to their amphiphilic nature, can adsorb at the gas-liquid interface and on hydrate crystal surfaces, thereby modifying interfacial properties and influencing crystal growth patterns. In our measurements, the amino acids displayed a concentration-dependent "double effect".

Electrochemical Identification of Facet-Governing Redox Behavior and Catalytic Reactivity of Co(OH) in the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Traditional electrochemical redox assessments offer insights into material properties for charge storage and catalytic kinetics but often fail to link these to specific surfaces, obscuring the structure-performance relationship. Here, we reveal the facet-dependent electrochemical redox behaviors and their connection to oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysis using Co(OH) nanosheets and nanorods as models. By correlating redox charge storage capacity and kinetics with distinct exposed surfaces, we uncover diffusion-controlled redox processes on the basal surface and non-diffusion-controlled behavior on the lateral surface and further utilize the distinct redox charging kinetics to differentiate the two.

Sacrificial Biofabrication for Vascularization: Concept, Materials, Technologies, and Applications.

Vasculature plays a crucial role in tissue engineering since it is essential for maintaining tissue viability by efficient nutrient and oxygen exchange as well as waste removal. The creation of biomimetic vascular networks is therefore critical for the development of functional tissue constructs. Sacrificial biofabrication has emerged as an effective method for engineering vascular structures by creating temporary templates that are subsequently removed to form well-defined vascular channels.

New coumarins from the -butanol part of .

Chemical investigations of the -butanol extract of the roots of were carried out using column chromatography, flash, semi-preparative HPLC, and chiral HPLC. Five unidentified compounds, including two prenylated coumarin glucosides, two prenylated furanocoumarin glucosides, and a benzofuran glucoside, together with twelve known compounds, were isolated from the -butanol fraction of extract. The structures of these compounds were identified by HRMS, NMR, UV, ECD in combination with quantum chemical calculations, and comparison with the literature.

Molecular Extrusion Drives Polymer Dynamic Soft Encapsulation to Inhibit Lead Leakage for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules.

Polymer additives exhibit unique advantages in suppressing lead leaching from perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, polymers tend to excessively aggregate in the perovskite film, which hinders comprehensive encapsulation and disrupts charge transport efficiency, degrading lead leakage inhibition and device performance. Herein, a polymer dynamic soft encapsulation strategy driven by molecular extrusion is introduced to mitigate lead leakage in PSCs, achieved through the incorporation of poly(propylene adipate) (PPA) as a multifunctional additive in the perovskite formulation.

Solubility-pKa Coupling Effect Tailored Nanoporous Nylon Aerogel Family with Multiple Thermomechanical Processes.

Despite significant advancements in aerogels science, the fabrication of high-performance aerogels with their plastic processability remains unexplored owing to their inherent trade-off between skeletal rigidity and transformable processability. Herein, a universal solubility-pKa coupling-effect to engineer high-performance thermoplastic nylon aerogel family with excellent thermomechanical processing performance is proposed. By modulating solubility parameters and acid dissociation constants in nylon-solvent systems, it is precisely control crystallization to assemble interlaced 1D nanofiber skeletons, yielding nylon aerogels that integrate a high specific surface area (226 m g), exceptional compressive modulus (12.

Interfacial Zn─O─Ti Sites for Efficient Photocatalytic Urea Synthesis from CO and N.

Urea photosynthesis from CO and N has profound environmental and energy implications. However, the simultaneous activation of CO and N, along with the promotion of C─N bond formation, remains a major challenge. Herein, the asymmetric interfacial sites (Zn─O─Ti) were engineered by building oxygen atom bridges between ZIF-8 and MIL-125 to enable efficient photocatalytic urea synthesis.

Fe and H-triggered "Turn-on" Fluorescence Probe Based on Lysosomal-targeted RBH-EdC for Monitoring Intragastric Acidity.

The long-term visualization of intracellular Fe dynamics and lysosomal activity is crucial for investigating the physiological roles and functions of lysosomes during the growth of organisms. The lysosome-targeted fluorescent probe (RBH-EdC), derived from rhodamine-nucleoside conjugates, demonstrates a sophisticated dual-activation design: one is Fe⁺ response, triggering spirolactam ring-opening to form xanthine structures, resulting in ≥ 1000-fold fluorescence enhancement with visible colorimetric transition (colorless→pink). Another is pH sensitivity, demonstrating protonation-dependent fluorescence amplification at the dC at site N3 (pK= 2.

Switching Photocatalytic CO Reduction Path via Controlled Surface Hydroxylation in GO/CoTPP Hybrids.

Confronting the dual challenges of carbon neutrality and sustainable energy, photocatalytic CO reduction requires precise control over product selectivity. This study demonstrates that surface hydroxyl (-OH) density serves as a molecular switch for reaction pathways in graphene oxide/cobalt tetraphenylporphyrin (GO/CoTPP) hybrids. By tuning the reduction degree of GO supports via gradient hydrazine hydrate treatment (0-85%), we constructed catalysts with controlled -OH concentrations.

Changes in fecal bacterial and fungal diversity, blood short chain fatty acids, and metabolomics in stage IV colorectal cancer patients.

Background And Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in fecal microbial diversity and metabolic product levels in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim was to provide new research strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.

Methods: Fecal and blood samples were collected from both stage IV CRC patients and healthy individuals.