Cellulosic Flexible Electronic Materials: Recent Advances in Structural Design, Functionalization, and Smart Applications.

Rapid advancement of flexible electronics has generated a demand for sustainable materials. Cellulose, a renewable biopolymer, exhibits exceptional mechanical strength, customizable properties, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. These attributes are largely due to its hierarchical nanostructures and modifiable surface chemistry.

Electron-Rich Macrocycle-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photocatalytic CO Reduction.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are distinguished by their structural diversity, tunable electronic properties, and exceptional performance in various applications. Notably, the electron-donating ability of ligands significantly enhances the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) processes within these frameworks, thereby promoting efficient charge migration. Herein, we developed two electron-rich macrocyclic ligands derived from phenothiazine- and phenoxazine-functionalized calix[3]arenes, alongside their corresponding cobalt-coordinated MOFs.

Stretchable Sensor-Integrated Microfluidic Chip for Monitoring Fatty Acid-Enhanced Serotonin Release from the Intestinal Epithelium.

High-fat foods are decomposed into fatty acids during digestion and absorption, primarily occurring in the gastrointestinal tract, and numerous studies have indicated that long-term high-fat diets significantly increase the incidence of intestinal disorders. As a critical intestinal hormone, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is involved in regulating intestinal peristalsis, secretion, and visceral sensitivity. However, due to the lack of methods capable of reproducing intestinal mechanical activities and in situ monitoring of 5-HT levels, the influence of high-fat diets on intestinal 5-HT release remains unclear.

Association between the uric acid to high-density lipoprotein ratio (UHR) and hypertension in US adults: evidence from NHANES 2005-2020.

Uric acid to HDL ratio (UHR) is a new measure of inflammation that has been widely used to study cardiovascular disease relationships. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between uric acid to HDL ratio and hypertension. We found that UHR was positively associated with hypertension prevalence in a nationally representative sample of U.

Unveiling Ion-Transport Dynamics in 2D Nanofluidic Anion-Selective Membranes toward Osmotic Energy Harvesting.

Two-dimensional (2D) nanofluidic architectures with nanoconfined interlayer channels and excess surface charges have revolutionized membrane-based reverse electrodialysis systems, demonstrating highly efficient osmotic energy collection through strong electrostatic screening of electric double layer (EDL). However, the ion-transport dynamics in 2D nanofluidic anion-selective membranes (2D-NAMs) still remain unexplored. Here, we combine density functional theory and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to systematically explore ion transport in the 2D-NAMs.

G20 stroke burden 1990-2035: trends, projections and precision health insights.

Background: Stroke persists as the second leading global cause of mortality and disability. We analyzed G20 nations using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data (1990-2021) to provide a new perspective.

Methods: We obtained age-standardized rates (ASR) of stroke mortality, incidence, prevalence, and YLLs (years of life lost) across G20 nations.

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined with Fractional CO Laser Therapy for Mild and Moderate Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women.

Introduction And Hypothesis: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with fractional CO laser therapy in women diagnosed with mild or moderate stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Methods: In this single-center, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial, 69 women diagnosed with mild or moderate SUI were randomly assigned to receive fractional CO laser therapy, PRP injections, or a combination of both treatments (n = 23 per group). Each participant underwent three treatment sessions at 30-day intervals.

Reliable Strategy for the Covalent Bonding of MOFs to SiC Membranes for Ultrastable Noble Metal Capture in Harsh Environments.

Silicon carbide (SiC) membranes combine exceptional chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability but suffer from surface inertness that precludes functionalization. Conversely, MOFs offer unmatched molecular selectivity but are typically powders, severely limiting their practical use. To address this, we develop a generalizable route to fabricate ultrastable MOF@SiC membranes via sequential oxidation and acidification, creating abundant Si-OH sites on SiC surfaces that covalently bond with Zr-MOF crystals; the bonding mechanism between MOFs and substrates has been extensively studied.

Real-Space Quantitative Molecular Analysis at Single-Molecule Resolution.

Advances in molecular analysis and characterization techniques should revolutionize the methods for scientific exploration across physics, chemistry, and biology, fundamentally overturning our understanding of interactions and processes that govern molecular behavior at the microscopic level. Currently, the absence of a molecular analysis method that can both quantify molecules and achieve single-molecule spatial resolution hinders our study of complex molecular systems in sorption and catalysis. Here, we propose a quantitative analysis strategy for small molecules confined in ZSM-5, a zeolite material extensively used in catalysis and gas separation, based on low-dose transmission electron microscopy.

Machine learning-guided design of a supramolecular armor for stable and functional perovskite quantum dots.

A machine learning-designed "supramolecular armor" imparts exceptional stability to perovskite quantum dots. A guanidinium crosslinker reinforces a β-cyclodextrin layer, creating a robust yet permeable interface that enables direct contact sensing in challenging aqueous environments.

Mixed-Length Multivariate Covalent Organic Framework for Combined Near-Infrared Photodynamic Therapy and Drug Delivery.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been emerging as versatile reticular materials due to their tunable structures and functionalities, enabled by precise molecular engineering at the atomic level. While the integration of multiple components into COFs has substantially expanded their structural complexity, the strategic engineering of diverse functionalities within a single framework the random distribution of linkers with varying lengths remains largely unexplored. Here, we report a series of highly crystalline mixed-length multivariate COFs synthesized using azobenzene and bipyridine as linkers, where tuning the ratio of linkers and incorporating palladium effectively modulates the balance between near-infrared (NIR) light absorption and catalytic sites for NIR-generation of hydrogen peroxide (HO).

A thermostable Cas9-based genome editing system for thermophilic acetogenic bacterium .

is a thermophilic acetogenic bacterium capable of thriving at elevated temperatures up to 66°C. It metabolizes carbohydrates such as glucose, mannose, and fructose and can also grow lithotrophically utilizing hydrogen (H) and carbon dioxide (CO) or carbon monoxide (CO), with acetate serving as its main product. A simple and efficient genome editing system for would not only facilitate the understanding of the physiological function of enzymes involved in energy and carbon metabolism but also enable metabolic engineering.

A multi-dimensional computational framework of drug-induced hepatotoxicity: integrating molecular structure features with disease pathogenesis.

Drug-induced hepatotoxicity (DIH), characterized by diverse phenotypes and complex mechanisms, remains a critical challenge in drug discovery. To systematically decode this diversity and complexity, we propose a multi-dimensional computational framework integrating molecular structure analysis with disease pathogenesis exploration, focusing on drug-induced intrahepatic cholestasis (DIIC) as a representative DIH subtype. First, a graph-based modularity maximization algorithm identified DIIC risk genes, forming a DIIC module and eight disease pathogenesis clusters.

Progress and Perspective on Heterogeneous Catalysis of Liquid Formic Acid Dehydrogenation: Coordination Structure Design, Activity Improvement, and Mechanism Insights.

Formic acid (FA) has attracted significant interest as a renewable liquid-phase hydrogen carrier. Hydrogen generation from FA decomposition is essential for the development of hydrogen economy. Designing highly efficient catalysts with different coordination environments for FA dehydrogenation is crucial for fuel-cell applications.

Asymmetric Total Synthesis of 5,10-seco-Neoansamycin A.

The first asymmetric total synthesis of 5,10-seco-neoansamycin A, a 19-membered cyclic octaketide, was achieved in 20 steps (with several steps being telescoped) and 6.7% overall yield starting from the reported compound, thus leading to the assignment of its absolute configuration. This convergent synthetic approach features late-stage macrolactamization, a judicious application of an asymmetric aldol reaction.

Molecular Hybrid Bridging for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells without a Pre-Deposited Hole Transporting Layer.

Establishing a low-resistance perovskite/ITO contact using self-assembled molecules (SAMs) is crucial for efficient hole transport in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) without a pre-deposited hole-transporting layer. However, SAMs at the buried interface often encounter issues like nonuniform distribution and molecular aggregation during the extrusion process, leading to significant energy loss. Herein, a molecular hybrid bridging strategy by incorporating a novel small molecule is proposed, (2-aminothiazole-4-yl)acetic acid (ATAA), featuring a thiazole ring and carboxylic acid group, along with the commonly used SAM, 4-(2,7-dibromo-9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid (DMAcPA), into the perovskite precursor to synergistically optimize the buried interface.

Bio-Orthogonal Engineering of Neural Stem Cells with Membrane-Bound Microsatellites for Enhanced Brain Repair.

Regulating the differentiation of implanted stem cells into neurons is crucial for stem cell therapy of traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, due to the migratory nature of implanted stem cells, precise and targeted regulation of their fate remains challenging. Here, neural stem cells (NSCs) are bio-orthogonally engineered with hyaluronic acid methacryloyl (HAMA) microsatellites capable of sustained release of differentiation modulators for targeted regulation of their neuronal differentiation and advanced TBI repair.

A Viral RNA Silencing Suppressor Modulates Reactive Oxygen Species Levels to Induce the Autophagic Degradation of Dicer-Like and Argonaute-Like Proteins.

Mounting evidence indicates that viruses exploit elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels to promote replication and pathogenesis, yet the mechanistic underpinnings of this viral strategy remain elusive for many viral systems. This study uncovers a sophisticated viral counter-defense mechanism in the Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1)-Fusarium graminearum system, where the viral p29 protein subverts host redox homeostasis to overcome antiviral responses. That p29 directly interacts with and inhibits the enzymatic activity of fungal NAD(P)H-dependent FMN reductase 1 (FMR1), leading to increased ROS accumulation and subsequent autophagy activation is demonstrated.

Enzymatic Anisotropic Growth of Gold Nanoparticles Based on DNA Origami Templates.

Anisotropic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit unique physicochemical properties that render them highly valuable for diverse applications. However, precise control over their growth direction and number of branches is challenging with conventional synthesis methods. A DNA origami-templated enzymatic synthesis strategy addresses this limitation.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 8-Phenyl-THIQ as Antidepressive Agents.

The structural modification and derivatization of natural products represent an essential pathway for pharmaceutical innovation in the management of depression. The 8-phenyl tetrahydroisoquinoline, as a parent core, was obtained from magnoflorine by a structural simplification strategy. The present report details the synthesis and antidepressant activity studies of 8-phenyl-THIQ analogs.

Brucine Inhibits Gastric Cancer via Activation of Ferroptosis Through Regulating the NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality globally, often presenting with insidious symptoms that lead to late-stage diagnoses, underscoring the critical need for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. One such avenue is the exploration of ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death implicated in various pathological conditions and malignancies. In this study, we demonstrate that brucine, an alkaloid derived from Strychnos nux-vomica, exerts significant antitumor effects on GC cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Ultrafast laser-assisted hybrid fabrication of biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces: strategies, mechanisms, and applications.

Metal matrix composites are widely employed in aerospace and marine engineering due to their excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability. However, their surfaces remain vulnerable to corrosion, icing, and mechanical wear, severely compromising long-term reliability in harsh environments. Inspired by natural superhydrophobic surfaces such as lotus leaves, functional interfaces with high water repellency and interfacial stability can be engineered through the synergistic design of hierarchical micro/nanostructures and low-surface-energy chemical modifications.

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Presenting as Recurrent Cystic Lesions During Lactation: A Case Report.

Lactation-associated breast cancer poses diagnostic challenges due to physiological breast changes that may mask malignancies. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) during lactation is rare and aggressive, requiring vigilant evaluation and treatment. This report highlights the diagnostic dilemma of recurrent cystic breast lesions during lactation, which can mimic benign conditions like galactoceles but may conceal aggressive TNBC, leading to potential delays in diagnosis despite initial conservative approaches such as aspiration.

Discovery of novel dehydroabietylamine-pyrimidine hybrids: design, synthesis and anti-tumor evaluation.

Challenges in cancer treatment lie in the identification and development of novel agents with potent anti-tumor activity. A series of novel dehydroabietylamine-pyrimidine derivatives 3a-3s were designed and synthesized based on the principles of molecular hybridization. The inhibitory activities of the target compounds against the proliferation of four different human cancer cell lines (HepG2, A549, HCT116 and MCF-7) were evaluated.

Plasma tissue factor as a promising marker in multiple sclerosis: Evidence from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a major demyelinating disorder that affects the central nervous system. A growing body of evidence has revealed the involvement of coagulation pathway in the pathogenesis of MS. However, the causal association between coagulation factors and MS is still unclear.