A First-Principles Screening for Axial Ligand Regulation of Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction on Dual-Metal Atomic Catalysts (MMN‑R).

A primary challenge in the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) is the rational design and engineering of high-efficiency electrocatalysts. A series of MMN catalysts (MM = NiNi, CoNi, CoFe, CoCo) with precisely tailored axial ligands (R = -OH, -COH, -CN) have been high-throughput screened out to exhibit optimal electrocatalytic activity, which is extended to further estimate their CORR performance in this work. The adsorption energies of three distinct ligands at the M-M bridge site are evaluated to quantitatively assess the ligand stabilization.

Ultra-sensitive room temperature ammonia detection enabled by MEMS-based 0D/1D/2D PAMo nanocomposites.

A 0D/1D/2D Au/PANI/MoS hierarchical nanocomposite based on micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) was successfully synthesized through in situ chemical oxidative polymerization. This composite overcomes the performance bottlenecks of single or dual-component combinations through a multi-dimensional synergy of "interface coordination-charge penetration-path optimization-stability enhancement." The built-in electric field generated by the p-n heterojunction formed between PANI and MoS₂ can drive the directional migration of carriers, thereby optimizing the carrier transport process.

Current/Voltage Dual-Modal Hybrid Ionotronic Oxide Dendrite Transistor for Neuromorphic Computing.

Current and voltage are fundamental variables in modern electronic technology. The developments of voltage-driven neuromorphic devices have led to the breakthrough of the von Neumann bottleneck, which has attracted significant attention. As a comparison, implementing synaptic functions on current-driven neuromorphic devices still poses challenges.

Achieving Excellent Surface Passivation with J Less Than 0.5 fA cm Utilizing a Carbon-Incorporated Intrinsic Polysilicon-Based Tunnel Oxide Passivating Contact Structure.

Crystalline silicon solar cells are among the most efficient technologies in the photovoltaic industry, with their conversion efficiency being highly dependent on surface passivation. In this study, A carbon-incorporated intrinsic polysilicon layer is developed using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition to form a tunnel oxide passivating contact (TOPCon)-like structure combined with silicon oxide. As a result, an implied open-circuit voltage (iV) as high as 754 mV is achieved and a recombination current density as low as ≈0.

Enhancing E-Nose Performance via Metal-Oxide Based MEMS Sensor Arrays Optimization and Feature Alignment for Drug Classification.

This article introduces a novel approach to improve electronic nose classification accuracy by optimizing sensor arrays and aligning features. This involves selecting the best sensor combinations and reducing redundant information for better odor recognition. We employ a feature alignment algorithm to address the discrepancies that impede model sharing between electronic nose devices.

Coverage of surfactants on polyoxometalate tunes the selectivity of alkene epoxidation.

Self-assembled nanosheets were formed through the interaction between polyoxometalate (POM) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTB), which has hydrophilic groups at both ends of the carbon chain and serves as a "bridge" connecting the POMs. The resulting POM assemblies demonstrated high efficiency in the epoxidation of cyclohexene, with the selectivity of the reaction being tunable by adjusting the coverage of DTB on the POM.

Multi-stage phase transformation pathways in MAX phases.

Diverse, multi-stage phase transformations occur in many materials under extreme environments. In response to irradiation, some MAX phase compositions transform from an initial hexagonal structure to an intermediate γ-phase, then to a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure, while others instead become amorphous. To date, no comprehensive description of the associated transformation mechanisms, or of the influence of composition on this phase behavior, has been reported.

Regulating Supramolecular Assembly and Disassembly of Chitosan toward Efficiently Antibacterial Lubricous and Biodegradable Hydrogel Urinary Catheters.

Urinary catheters serve as critical medical devices in clinical practice. However, the currently used urinary catheters lack efficient antibacterial and lubricating properties, often leading to discomfort with patients and even severe urinary infections. Herein, a new strategy of supramolecular assembly and disassembly of chitosan (Cs) is developed that enables efficient antibacterial lubricous and biodegradable hydrogel urinary catheters.

Copper peroxide-loaded lignin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane foam for wound repair applications.

Wound healing is a complex process and the mechanism of the tissue repair process involves many complex steps: inflammation, proliferation, and maturation. Wounds can be divided into two main categories: acute and chronic wounds. Non-healing wounds usually follow a bacterial infection.

Design of 3d transition metal-embedded asymmetric HMoCF for electrocatalytic conversion of N to NH.

The electrochemical reduction of N to NH (NRR) is challenging due to the lack of efficient catalysts under mild conditions. We constructed a series of 3d-transition-metal (3d-TM)-embedded asymmetric 2D MXene HMoCF with one H or F vacancy (H or F) based on first-principles calculation. Due to the strong steric effect of the surface-covered H or F terminals, N is favored to be adsorbed on H or F through the end-on mode rather than the side-on mode.

Itaconic Acid Oligomers for Electrostatically Spun Degradable Implantable Biobased Polyurethane.

Developing implantable medical materials with excellent comprehensive performance has important practical applications. Cardiovascular and bile ducts are characterized by various forms of diseases and high morbidity and mortality. One of the effective treatment modalities for such diseases is replacement surgery.

Facile pyrolysis synthesis of abundant FeCo dual-single atoms anchored on N-doped carbon nanocages for synergistically boosting oxygen reduction reaction.

Single-atom transition metal-based nitrogen-doped carbon (M-N-C) is regarded as high-efficiency and cost-effectiveness alternatives to replace noble metal catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in renewable energy storage and conversion devices. In this work, rich FeCo dual-single atoms were efficiently entrapped into N-doped carbon nanocages (FeCo DSAs-NCCs) by simple pyrolysis of the bimetallic precursors doped zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), as affirmed by a series of characterizations. The graphitization degree of the N-doping carbon substrate was regulated by modulating the pyrolysis temperature and the types of the metal salts.

Artificial intelligence-based pathological application to predict regional lymph node metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

In this study, a model for predicting lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer was trained using pathology images from the TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas) public dataset of papillary thyroid cancer, and a front-end inference model was trained using our center's dataset based on the concept of probabilistic propagation of nodes in graph neural networks. Effectively predicting whether a tumor will spread to regional lymph nodes using a single pathological image is the capacity of the model described above. This study demonstrates that regional lymph nodes in papillary thyroid cancer are a common and predictable occurrence, providing valuable ideas for future research.

Hollow Hydrogels for Excellent Aerial Water Collection and Autonomous Release.

Air moisture is a valuable and omnipresent resource of fresh water. However, traditional water collectors come with an enduring problem of the water-release step, which requires special devices and additional energy to remove the water from the adsorbent, such as heat, sunlight, or both. Herein, we report the first composite conical hollow hydrogel architecture fabricated through a film-to-tube transforming protocol, designed to harvest water from aerial humidity.

A highly reactive soybean oil-based superhydrophobic polyurethane film with long-lasting antifouling and abrasion resistance.

Superhydrophobic polyurethanes offer robust hydrophobicity and corrosion resistance. However, it is essential to consider the durability and environmental constraints associated with these materials. This study prepared a bio-based superhydrophobic polyurethane coating film using epoxidized soybean oil, superhydrophobically modified silica nanoparticles, and OH-PDMS-OH as surface modifiers.

Fast fabrication of a hierarchical nanostructured multifunctional ferromagnet.

Materials with multifunctionality affect society enormously. However, the inability to surmount multiple functionality trade-offs limits the discovery of next-generation multifunctional materials. Departing from conventional alloying design philosophy, we present a hierarchical nanostructure (HNS) strategy to simultaneously break multiple performance trade-offs in a material.

Large Nonhysteretic Volume Magnetostriction in a Strong and Ductile High-Entropy Alloy.

Rapid development of smart technologies poses a big challenge for magnetostrictive materials, which should not only permit isotropic and hysteresis-free actuation (i.e., nonhysteretic volume change) in magnetic fields, but also have high strength and high ductility.

Dual-Mode Hydrogels with Structural and Fluorescent Colors toward Multistage Secure Information Encryption.

Constructing an anti-counterfeiting material with non-interference dual optical modes is an effective way to improve information security. However, it remains challenging to achieve multistage secure information encryption due to the limited stimulus responsiveness and color tunability of the current dual-mode materials. Herein, a dual-mode hydrogel with both independently tunable structural and fluorescent colors toward multistage information encryption, is reported.

Supercritical CO extrusion foaming of highly open-cell poly(lactic acid) foam with superior oil adsorption performance.

Addressing marine oil spills and industrial water pollution necessitates the development of eco-efficient oil-absorbing materials. With increasing concern for the environment, there is a consensus to decrease the use of petroleum-based polymers. Herein, lightweight poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blend foams with varying thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) content were fabricated via a solvent-free, eco-friendly supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO) extrusion foaming technology.

Structural and Electronic Chirality in Inorganic Crystals: from Construction to Application.

Chirality represents a fundamental characteristic inherent in nature, playing a pivotal role in the emergence of homochirality and the origin of life. While the principles of chirality in organic chemistry are well-documented, the exploration of chirality within inorganic crystal structures continues to evolve. This ongoing development is primarily due to the diverse nature of crystal/amorphous structures in inorganic materials, along with the intricate symmetrical and asymmetrical relationships in the geometry of their constituent atoms.

Mechanistic Insights into the Proton Transfer and Substitution Dynamics of N-Atom Center Reactions: A Study of CHO with NHCl.

Bimolecular substitution reactions involving N as the central atom have continuously improved our understanding of substitution dynamics. This work used chemical dynamics simulations to investigate the dynamics of NHCl with N as the central atom and the multiatomic nucleophile CHO and compared these results with the F + NHCl reaction. The most noteworthy difference is in the competition between proton transfer (PT) and the S2 pathways.

An in-situ magnetising holder achieving 1.5 T in-plane field in 200 kV transmission electron microscope.

A strong in-plane magnetic field is required for Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) to observe the evolution of the magnetic domain structure of materials with high coercivity, particularly for research on rare-earth permanent magnets. However, the maximum field of the present in-situ magnetising holder applied in 200-kV or 300-kV TEM does not exceed 0.1 T.

From Charge to Spin: An In-Depth Exploration of Electron Transfer in Energy Electrocatalysis.

Catalytic materials play crucial roles in various energy-related processes, ranging from large-scale chemical production to advancements in renewable energy technologies. Despite a century of dedicated research, major enduring challenges associated with enhancing catalyst efficiency and durability, particularly in green energy-related electrochemical reactions, remain. Focusing only on either the crystal structure or electronic structure of a catalyst is deemed insufficient to break the linear scaling relationship (LSR), which is the golden rule for the design of advanced catalysts.

Superhydrophobic sand evaporator with core-shell structure for long-term salt-resistant solar desalination.

Solar-driven water evaporation, as an environmentally benign pathway, provides an opportunity for alleviating global clean water scarcity. However, the rapidly generated interfacial steam and localized heating could cause increased salt concentration and accumulation, deteriorating the evaporation performance and long-term stability. Herein, a novel superhydrophobic sand solar (FPPSD) evaporator with a core-shell structure was proposed through interface functionalization for continuous photothermal desalination.