Dual-Functional Nanoliposome with High BPA Loading for Targeted MRI-Guided BNCT of Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma is a highly malignant brain tumor with few available therapeutic options, for which boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has emerged as a promising precision radiotherapy approach. However, its efficacy remains suboptimal due to inadequate tumor targeting of boron agents and lack of in vivo visualization. Herein, a gadolinium-boron integrated lipid nanocarrier (BPA-F&DOTA-Gd@LIPO-ANG) was developed for targeted boron delivery and MRI-guided BNCT.

Marital Failure and Subsequent Heart Failure: A Prospective Study.

Background: Loss of a stable spousal relationship has been associated with a high risk of morbidity and premature death, yet there is limited evidence on the association between marital failure and the risk of subsequent heart failure (HF). We examined the association between marital failure and the risk of subsequent HF in large prospective studies.

Methods: This cohort study utilized data from Kailuan Study I and Kailuan Study II.

Identification of pathogenic bacteria in saffron (Crocus sativus L.) by high-throughput sequencing and the evaluation of the antifungal properties of different plant essential oils.

Background: Saffron (Crocus sativus L.), a Chinese herbal medicine of significant medicinal value, is extensively cultivated worldwide. However, fungal pathogen-induced corm rot disease poses a major challenge to saffron cultivation, causing substantial economic losses and long-standing concern among researchers and industry professionals.

Association Between Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Malignant Risk in Thyroid Nodules: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the association between the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) risk, with a particular focus on metabolic, thyroid function, and immunological mechanisms.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 1,833 participants, including 823 individuals with benign thyroid nodules and 1,010 individuals with PTC, was conducted. The TyG index was calculated using the formula ln[fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2].

Plasma pharmacokinetics, milk residue depletion profile, and milk withdrawal interval estimation following multiple-dose oral administration of meloxicam to lactating dairy goats.

Introduction: Meloxicam is frequently administered orally to lactating dairy goats in an extra-label manner. However, since Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved withdrawal times have not been established, this raises concerns for potential drug residues in milk. This study aimed to estimate plasma pharmacokinetics, determine meloxicam residues in milk based on concentration versus time depletion profiles, and calculate estimated withdrawal interval (WDI) recommendations for meloxicam following multiple oral doses administered to lactating dairy goats.

Detection of the distribution frequency of Diego blood type based on multiplex droplet digital PCR.

The Diego blood group is a crucial blood group system for ensuring the safety of clinical transfusions. However, current detection methods for the Diego blood group remain limited. This study aims to develop a multiplex digital PCR approach for Diego blood group genotyping and establish a blood pool in the northwest region.

FDX1 facilitates elesclomol-induced cuproptosis and promotes glioblastoma development via transcription factor NFKB1.

Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) played a key role in mediating elesclomol-induced cuproptosis against cancer cells. Although previous studies revealed its prognostic significance and regulatory effect on immune responses in glioblastoma, the underlying mechanisms by which FDX1 modulating tumor progression and cuproptosis remained unclear. In this study, FDX1 was either overexpressed or knocked down in glioblastoma cells.

KIF4A Inhibits Ferroptosis in Glioblastoma via the CHMP4B/GPX4 Axis and Promotes Temozolomide Resistance.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Temozolomide (TMZ) stands for the first-line chemotherapeutic agent against GBM. TMZ resistance is an important factor contributing to the poor prognosis of GBM, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear.

Amlodipine synergizes with temozolomide against glioma stem cells by modulating MGMT expression through downregulation of the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin axis.

Temozolomide (TMZ) is the primary chemotherapeutic agent used for the treatment of glioblastoma. However, the high chemoresistance observed in glioblastoma remains a significant clinical challenge, which is associated with the repair of DNA alkylation sites by O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Exploring new strategies to enhance the tumoricidal activity of TMZ against chemoresistant glioma stem cells (GSCs), is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

A comparative study of endoscopic balloon dilatation and laparoscopic ureteral replantation in the treatment of primary obstructive megaureter.

Purpose: Surgical intervention may be required in some children with primary obstructive megaureter (POM) and laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation (LUR) is regarded as the standard approach. With the recent development of endoscopic technology, endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) has gained popularity. We sought to describe our initial experience with EBD in treating POM, and to compare efficiency and safety with the LUR.

Brain Activity Within Prefrontal Cortex: A Resting-State fNIRS Comparative Study in High-Functioning Autism Preschoolers and Typically Developed Peers.

We applied functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology to detect brain function within the prefrontal cortex in 23 typically developing (TD) preschool children and 48 children with high-functioning autism (HFA), aiming to observe the differences in brain function within the prefrontal cortex between the two groups. We found that the activation degree of channels 6-7-11 corresponding to the activation area of the right prefrontal lobe in the HFA group, is significantly higher than that in the Typical Development TD group. Moreover, the number and intensity of brain functional connectivity in the HFA group are significantly lower than those in the TD group.

Beta-endorphin is the key endogenous opioid influencing morphine µ-opioid receptor occupancy in rat hypothalamus: a binding kinetic model analysis.

The µ-opioid receptor (µ-OR) is the key target for morphine in the treatment of (chronic) pain. Endogenous opioids at the µ-OR have been implicated in multiple physiological processes, including pain relief. However, the extent to which µ-OR occupancy of morphine is influenced by endogenous opioids and µ-OR internalization is unclear.

Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs), Specifically Monocyte-Derived MDSCs, in Type 2 Diabetes-Related Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: The role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to determine whether these cells are involved in the pathogenesis of DR.

Patients And Methods: Blood samples were collected from 42 patients with type 2 diabetes and DR and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers.

SOX9 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transformation by mediating the Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway in hypospadias.

The transcription factor SOX9 is crucial in the development and differentiation of various tissues and cells. However, the roles of SOX9-dependent genes and pathways in normal urethral development and the mechanism of hypospadias are unclear. This study collected 15 foreskin tissue specimens from patients who underwent hypospadias repair surgery and compared them to normal foreskin tissue specimens obtained during circumcision.

Morphology-engineered porous MgO for efficient CO capture and ciprofloxacin removal.

The adsorption properties of MgO are predominantly determined by its structure and morphology. A porous structure endows MgO with high specific surface area and porosity, thereby enhancing mass diffusion and adsorption. However, conventional synthesis methods for porous MgO are usually expensive, noxious, or time-consuming, and typically lack precise modulation over the porous structure.

Rethinking deep learning in bioimaging through a data centric lens.

Deep learning has become essential in bioimaging for tasks. By examining data-centric strategies in general AI and revisiting existing deep learning methods in bioimaging, we describe a prototypical “BioData-Centric AI” framework. For AI users in bioimaging, this framework promotes a more practical approach beyond simply annotating large datasets or relying on a universal model.

Enhanced Active Hydrogen Absorption and Stabilized Cu(I) Species Over Cu-O-Ce Bridges Boosting Electrocatalytic CO Reduction to Ethylene.

Rational design of water activation center to promote active hydrogen (*H) generation and stabilize Cu(I) species are significant for the formation of multicarbon (C) products over Cu-based catalysts in electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR). Herein, CeO nanograins and CuO nanothorns were selectively deposited on the edges of CuO cubes through the seed-mediated growth method. The as-synthesized CuO-CeO composites exhibit enhanced Faradaic efficiency and partial current density of CH compared with CuO cubes.

Foundation models and intelligent decision-making: Progress, challenges, and perspectives.

Intelligent decision-making (IDM) is a cornerstone of artificial intelligence (AI) designed to automate or augment decision processes. Modern IDM paradigms integrate advanced frameworks to enable intelligent agents to make effective and adaptive choices and decompose complex tasks into manageable steps, such as AI agents and high-level reinforcement learning. Recent advances in multimodal foundation-based approaches unify diverse input modalities-such as vision, language, and sensory data-into a cohesive decision-making process.

Alleviating Substrate Inhibition of Leucine Dehydrogenase by Enhancing NAD Dissociation Efficiency.

Leucine dehydrogenase catalyzes the asymmetric reductive amination of ketoacids to produce valuable chiral unnatural amino acids, but its application is often constrained by substrate inhibition. Here we employed a rational engineering strategy to alleviate substrate inhibition by enhancing the dissociation efficiency of NAD. Notably, the variant H184A exhibited a 1.

Deciphering the N─N Coupling Mechanism Over Iron-Copper Alloy Catalysts During Ammonia Decomposition.

The production of CO-free hydrogen via the ammonia decomposition reaction (ADR) using Fe-based non-precious metal catalysts has attracted much attention. N─H bond cleavage and N─N coupling are two key steps in ADR, however, stronger Fe─N binding leads to lower activity of iron catalysts. Herein, we develop FeCu alloy catalysts with optimized metal-nitrogen binding energy by incorporating Cu, a metal with inherently weaker nitrogen affinity, into Fe-based catalysts.

Unveiling pathogenic fungal distribution in soil surrounding a municipal solid waste landfill - A case study.

High-throughput sequencing was employed to characterize pathogenic fungal communities in soil, groundwater, bioaerosols, and waste pile samples from a typical municipal landfill. The relative abundance of soil-borne pathogenic fungi was significantly higher downstream of the landfill (30.33 %) than upstream (18.

Frailty risk prediction models in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies from China.

Objectives: To systematically evaluate and meta-analyze the performance, validity, and influencing factors of frailty risk prediction models specifically developed for patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in China.

Methods: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Embase were searched from inception to October 10, 2024. Two independent reviewers conducted literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST).

Time-resolved single-cell atlas identifies the spatiotemporal transcription dynamics in vernalization response in Brassica rapa.

Many temperate plants require vernalization, a prolonged low-temperature period, to accelerate flowering. Vernalization is a quantitative process whereby extended cold exposure establishes a stable transcriptional repression, with the degree of silencing correlating with the length of cold treatment. While much is known about the genes regulating this process, the expression dynamics at the single-cell level remain elusive.

Risk factors for postoperative anastomotic leakage in obstructive left colonic carcinoma.

Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the most severe complications of colon carcinoma surgery. This study aims to investigate the related factors of AL and evaluate the independent risk factors in predicting AL after one-stage resection and primary anastomosis (RPA) for obstructive left colonic carcinoma (OLCC) patients. The demographic and clinical data, intra-operative indexes, pathologic characteristics, and ileocecal valve status shown on CT of the patients with OLCC who submitted to one-stage RPA were retrospectively analyzed.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 4-(thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine derivatives as potent antitumor agents.

A series of 4-(thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory activities against PI3Kα and antiproliferative activities against PC-3, 22RV1, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cancer cell lines. Inhibitory activities against PI3Kα evaluation indicated that some compounds showed excellent PI3Kα activity in vitro, and IC values of eight compounds (17c, 17e, 17f, 17h, 17l, 17m, 17o, 17p) were less than 100 nM. The most promising compound 17f (PI3Kα: IC = 0.