Plasma pharmacokinetics, milk residue depletion profile, and milk withdrawal interval estimation following multiple-dose oral administration of meloxicam to lactating dairy goats.

Introduction: Meloxicam is frequently administered orally to lactating dairy goats in an extra-label manner. However, since Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved withdrawal times have not been established, this raises concerns for potential drug residues in milk. This study aimed to estimate plasma pharmacokinetics, determine meloxicam residues in milk based on concentration versus time depletion profiles, and calculate estimated withdrawal interval (WDI) recommendations for meloxicam following multiple oral doses administered to lactating dairy goats.

Canine olfactory detection of florfenicol residues in goat milk: a pilot study.

Introduction: Canine olfaction has been used to detect drug residues across a variety of matrices as part of law enforcement efforts. As such, canine olfactory sample screening should hold promise as a potential tool for detecting drug residues in food products to support human food safety in resource limited settings or where sensitive analytical methods are not available for various matrices. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the ability of companion dogs undergoing low-frequency olfactory detection training to detect florfenicol and its metabolite, florfenicol amine (FA), in incurred residue goat milk samples.

An open-source interactive physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of tylosin in broiler chickens and laying hens.

Tylosin, a broad-spectrum macrolide antibiotic, is used to treat chronic respiratory infectious diseases in both urban and commercial broiler chickens and laying hens in an extra-label manner. To ensure food safety and facilitate extra-label withdrawal interval (WDI) estimations, a PBPK model for tylosin in broiler chickens and laying hens was developed. The model structure encompassed plasma, crop, gizzard, small intestine, colon, muscle, liver, kidney, fat, rest of body, and an integrated reproductive system consisting of the ovary and oviduct (for hens).

Residue depletion profile and withdrawal interval estimation of ivermectin in eggs following topical administration of injectable ivermectin to domestic chickens (): a pilot study.

Introduction: Topical ivermectin is commonly prescribed extra-label for the control of mite infestations in backyard chicken flocks in the US.

Methods: Domestic laying hens ( = 8; 78 weeks of age, weight 1.7-2.

Pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and safety of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in adult horses with naturally occurring chronic lameness.

Background: Acetaminophen is used clinically in horses with musculoskeletal pain; however, no studies have been performed in horses with chronic lameness.

Objectives: To determine the pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of chronic dosing of acetaminophen in horses with naturally occurring chronic lameness.

Study Design: Longitudinal.

The Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Evaluation of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Adult Horses.

This review firstly examines the underlying pathophysiology of pain and inflammation associated with orthopedic disease and endotoxemia. Then, it reviews the clinical pharmacology (pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics) of both conventional and non-conventional NSAIDs in the adult horse, and finally provides an overview of different modalities to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of NSAIDs in research.

Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of orally administered acetaminophen (paracetamol) in adult horses with experimentally induced endotoxemia.

Background: Acetaminophen has been evaluated in horses for treatment of musculoskeletal pain but not as an antipyretic.

Objectives: To determine the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of acetaminophen compared to placebo and flunixin meglumine in adult horses with experimentally induced endotoxemia.

Animals: Eight university owned research horses with experimentally induced endotoxemia.

Pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in adult horses with mechanically induced lameness.

Background: Acetaminophen has been used clinically in horses alone or combined with traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for treatment of musculoskeletal pain in horses.

Objectives: To determine the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of acetaminophen at two doses in horses with mechanically induced lameness compared with phenylbutazone or placebo control.

Study Design: In vivo experiment.