Seminal Plasma Exosomes in Male Infertility: Roles, Mechanisms, and Applications-A Double-EdgedSword.

Exosomes, which are membrane-bound vesicles with diameters of 30 to 150 nanometers, are secreted by nearly all cell types and serve as key mediators of intercellular communication. In the male reproductive system, exosomes originating from reproductive glands, including the testes, epididymis, and prostate, transport proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, thereby regulating sperm function, maturation, and fertilization. Exosomes facilitate intercellular communication by transporting bioactive molecules (particularly microRNAs), and are instrumental in sperm maturation, motility, and fertilization capacity.

N6-Methyladenosine RNA Methylation: A Key Regulator in Male Reproductive Disorders and Urological Cancers.

In the field of male health, disorders of the reproductive and urological systems present significant challenges. The global increase in male infertility, primarily attributed to environmental and lifestyle factors, along with the high incidence of urological cancers, not only places a significant socio-economic burden but also emphasizes the urgent need for in-depth research. Epigenetic modifications, especially N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, are of great importance in these conditions.

An Activated Gasdermin Mimicking Polymer for Antitumor Immunity.

Synthetic polymers with protein-like functions have the potential to revolutionize the way of modulating physiological processes. Pyroptosis, a form of gasdermin-driven programmed necrosis, is widely viewed as a promising strategy to ignite antitumor immunity. Yet, the intrinsic silence or absence of gasdermins (GSDMs) in tumor cells and the complex intracellular activation process limit its wider applications.

A Lightweight Intrusion Detection System with Dynamic Feature Fusion Federated Learning for Vehicular Network Security.

The rapid integration of complex sensors and electronic control units (ECUs) in autonomous vehicles significantly increases cybersecurity risks in vehicular networks. Although the Controller Area Network (CAN) is efficient, it lacks inherent security mechanisms and is vulnerable to various network attacks. The traditional Intrusion Detection System (IDS) makes it difficult to effectively deal with the dynamics and complexity of emerging threats.

Connectome-based predictive modeling of handwriting and reading using task-evoked and resting-state functional connectivity.

Previous studies have shown that functional connectivity-based models can characterize individual differences in human behavior. However, the applicability of such models to skilled motor behavior remains largely unexplored. In this study, we employed a connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) approach to predict individual differences in handwriting skills using handwriting task-related and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data.

Mozart's rhythm influence on Alzheimer's disease progression via modulation of pathological damage and cognition.

Rhythm perception is considered a conserved trait across species, and musical rhythm exposure (MRE) has been demonstrated to enhance cognitive functions in healthy individuals. Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by cognitive decline and pathological degeneration, may potentially be delayed by MRE. In this study, the APP/PS1 AD mouse model was exposed to Mozart's K.

Multimodal Localization Using Smartphone Augmented Reality Combined with Brain Surface Morphology for Surgical Removal of Supratentorial Lesions.

Background: Augmented reality (AR) has been widely used in neurosurgery in recent years. The combination of AR and brain surface morphology for localization has not been reported. The aim of this work was to report the outcomes of combined method for locating supratentorial lesions in neurosurgery.

The release patterns and potential prebiotic characteristics of soluble and insoluble dietary fiber-bound polyphenols from pinot noir grape pomace digestion and fermentation.

The bioactive substances abundant in grape pomace, particularly dietary fiber and polyphenols, exhibit prebiotic effects in the gut. The soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber from the Pinot noir grape pomace were subjected to simulated digestion and colonic fermentation. The study found that bound polyphenols predominantly released during colon fermentation and exerted powerful antioxidant activities.

Oxytocin Intervention Mitigates Pathological and Behavioral Impairments in APP/PS1 Mice Subjected to Early Social Isolation.

Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, are prevalent during the prodromal phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Social isolation (SI) has been implicated as a potential exacerbating factor for emotional disturbances in AD pathogenesis. Despite the well-established role of oxytocin (OXT) in regulating social behavior and mental health, its function and mechanisms in alleviating AD-related psychiatric symptoms remain poorly understood.

Enhanced Active Hydrogen Absorption and Stabilized Cu(I) Species Over Cu-O-Ce Bridges Boosting Electrocatalytic CO Reduction to Ethylene.

Rational design of water activation center to promote active hydrogen (*H) generation and stabilize Cu(I) species are significant for the formation of multicarbon (C) products over Cu-based catalysts in electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR). Herein, CeO nanograins and CuO nanothorns were selectively deposited on the edges of CuO cubes through the seed-mediated growth method. The as-synthesized CuO-CeO composites exhibit enhanced Faradaic efficiency and partial current density of CH compared with CuO cubes.

Bronchial washing fluid supernatant serves as a novel liquid biopsy specimen for genome profiling in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Tumor tissue is the primary substrate for molecular testing in advanced lung cancer. However, obtaining sufficient tissue samples from biopsy for molecular testing often be challenging for some patients. Bronchial washing fluid supernatant (BWFS), which contains tumor-derived DNA, may serve as a supplement for genotyping.

Developmental changes in brain activation and functional connectivity during Chinese handwriting.

Handwriting is a fundamental linguistic and motor skill that significantly contributes to cognitive development, effective communication, and academic success. However, how brain systems develop to support handwriting remains unclear. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this study examined the differences in regional activation and functional network connectivity during Chinese handwriting between 52 children (9-13 years old) and 40 young adults.

Biomimetic extracellular vesicles derived from chimeric antigen receptor monocytes to treat glioblastoma: An efficient and safe intranasal drug delivery nanoplatform.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising pharmacotherapeutic modality for glioblastoma (GBM) drug delivery. However, the clinical translation of EVs remains restricted due to their low yield and demanding extraction steps. Therefore, extracellular vesicle mimetics (EVMs), as alternatives to EVs, have received much attention.

A multimodal fusion system predicting survival benefits of immune checkpoint inhibitors in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Early identification of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who may benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is crucial for optimizing outcomes. Here, we developed a multimodal fusion (MMF) system integrating CT-derived deep learning features and clinical data to predict overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Using retrospective multicenter data (n = 859), the MMF combining an ensemble deep learning (Ensemble-DL) model with clinical variables achieved strong external validation performance (C-index: OS = 0.

Targeted suppression of glioma by ultralow-dose x-ray-induced photodynamic therapy and gold-based nanoclusters in preclinical models.

The diffuse and infiltrative nature of high-grade gliomas poses ongoing challenges in treatment and management. Radiotherapy is an important glioma treatment, with a standard radiotherapy dose of 60 gray. However, high-dose radiotherapy is associated with radiation-induced side effects on normal tissue.

Cuproptosis and cuproptosis-related cell death and genes: mechanistic links to spermatogenic cell death.

Spermatogenesis, which is regulated by multiple cell death mechanisms, is an extremely complex process. The significance of cell death during spermatogenesis is a topic of interest because of its potential medical implications. Cuproptosis is a new mechanism of cell death discovered in recent years, and recent studies have preliminarily confirmed that cuproptosis is involved in the process of spermatogenic cell death, but its specific role in the process of spermatogenic cell death is still unclear.

Deep learning Radiopathomics based on pretreatment MRI and whole slide images for predicting overall survival in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Purpose: To develop an integrative radiopathomic model based on deep learning to predict overall survival (OS) in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC) patients.

Materials And Methods: A cohort of 343 LANPC patients with pretreatment MRI and whole slide image (WSI) were randomly divided into training (n = 202), validation (n = 91), and external test (n = 50) sets. For WSIs, a self-attention mechanism was employed to assess the significance of different patches for the prognostic task, aggregating them into a WSI-level representation.

Predicting Immunotherapy Response in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Comparative Study of Large Language Models and Human Experts.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive cancer with limited biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy response. Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) like GPT-4, GPT-4o, and Gemini offer the potential for enhancing clinical decision-making through multimodal data analysis. However, their effectiveness in predicting immunotherapy response, especially compared to human experts, remains unclear.

Zebrafish larvae as a model for investigating dual effects of fluoride on bone development.

Long-term excessive ingestion of fluoride is a severe public health threat globally. Skeletal fluorosis, a significant manifestation of prolonged fluoride exposure, is characterized by aberrant bone structure and alterations in bone function. However, there is currently a shortage of an efficient, fast, and easy-to-operate biological model for application in the field of fluorosis research.

Enhancing C─C Bond Cleavage of Glycerol Electrooxidation Through Spin-Selective Electron Donation in Pd-PdS-Co Heterostructural Nanosheets.

As a 4d transition metal, the spin state of Pd is extremely difficult to directly regulate for the optimized d orbital states owing to the strong spin-orbit coupling effect and further extended d orbital. Herein, we devise a "spin-selective electron donation" strategy to tune specific d orbital electrons of Pd inspired by the Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson model theory. Co-S-Pd bridges with different spin-states of Co have been constructed in a series of Pd-PdS-Co HNSs with tunable Co content.

Functional properties of insoluble dietary fibers extracted from different grape pomaces during simulated digestion and fermentation.

This study investigated insoluble dietary fibers (IDFs) extracted from the grape pomaces of Cabernet Sauvignon (CS-IDF), Marselan (MS-IDF), and Merlot (ML-IDF). It explored the release patterns and potential bioactivities of dietary fiber-bound polyphenols from these sources through simulated digestion and colonic fermentation. The results showed a higher polyphenol content in MS grape skins, which also yielded more IDF.

Super-Heterostructures of Twisted Pd Nanoarrays Epitaxially Grown on Chiral Au Nanorods Boost Circularly Polarized Photocatalysis.

Seed-mediated growth provides an efficient way to produce chiral hybrid nanocrystals, mainly benefitting from the recent successful synthesis of discrete chiral metal nanocrystals. However, the chiroptical response of chiral core-shell nanostructures decreases rapidly when the functional layer is grown on the discrete chiral metal nanocrystals. Herein, a synthetic methodology is demonstrated for the formation of chiral Au@Pd super-heterostructures, in which Pd nanoarrays are epitaxially and densely grown with a twisted lattice on discrete chiral Au nanorods (Pd-on-cAuNRs).

Syringetin relieves bone cancer pain in rats induced by breast cancer cells through the ESR1/PRDM2 axis.

Syringetin inhibits bone metastasis in cancer, but its action in breast cancer-related bone pain is unknown. This study aims to analyze the action of Syringetin in breast cancer-related bone pain. Based on network pharmacology analysis, estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) was identified as the core gene between Syringetin and bone pain associated with breast cancer, with the binding energy of -7.

Retraction notice to "Assessing environmental suitability of based on ecological analyses with chemical and molecular verification" [Heliyon 9 (2023) e14629].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Predicting treatment response and prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitors-based combination therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma using a longitudinal CT-based radiomics model: a multicenter study.

Background: Identifying effective predictive strategies to assess the response of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-based combination therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is crucial. This study presents a new longitudinal CT-based radiomics model to predict treatment response and prognosis in advanced HCC patients undergoing ICIs-based combination therapy.

Methods: Longitudinal CT images were collected before and during the treatment for HCC patients across three institutions from January 2019 to April 2022.