[Synthesis of a temperature-responsive multimodal motion microrobot capable of precise navigation for targeted controllable drug release].

Objectives: To synthesize a temperature-responsive multimodal motion microrobot (MMMR) using temperature and magnetic field-assisted microfluidic droplet technology to achieve targeted drug delivery and controlled drug release.

Methods: Microfluidic droplet technology was utilized to synthesize the MMMR by mixing gelatin with magnetic microparticles. The microrobot possessed a magnetic anisotropy structure to allow its navigation and targeted drug release by controlling the temperature field and magnetic field.

Metallothionein 2A-Silencing Antimonene-Based Nanoagonist for Amplifying the Photothermal Immunotherapy of Gynecologic Malignancy.

Gynecologic malignancies are prone to metastasis and recurrence due to the low efficacy and sensitivity of current clinical treatments. Here, we construct ultrasmall Sb@Au nanodots (Sb@Au NDs) as a metallothionein 2A (MT 2A)-silencing nanoagonist for effective photothermal immunotherapy of gynecologic malignancies. Sb@Au NDs show high photothermal conversion efficiency of 56.

Efficient energy transfer in a hybrid organic-inorganic van der Waals heterostructure.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer strong light-matter interaction and design flexibility beyond bulk semiconductors, but an intrinsic limit is the low absorption imposed by the atomic thickness. A long-sought-after goal is to achieve complementary absorption enhancement through energy transfer (ET) to break this limit. However, it is found challenging due to the competing charge transfer (CT) process and lack of resonance in exciton states.

DNA frameworks equipped with high-affinity multivalent aptamers for the reliable and amplified detection of a specific membrane protein.

A tetrahedral DNA framework-based fluorescent probe is programmed with multivalent aptamers for the precise targeting of membrane nucleolin and an initiator strand to trigger a hybridization chain reaction. Benefiting from multivalent aptamer targeting and HCR signal amplification, this probe demonstrates minimal endocytosis, enabling the reliable and amplified detection of a membrane protein biomarker.

Coffee-Ring Suppression in Inkjet-Printed Perovskite Films Enabled by a Shape-Anisotropic Nanorod Solute Strategy.

Achieving uniform perovskite thin films via inkjet printing remains a significant challenge due to the pervasive coffee-ring effect. Here, we present a solute engineering strategy that incorporates shape-anisotropic perovskite nanorods into a single-solvent ink formulation, effectively suppressing coffee-ring formation and yielding ultraflat films with an average roughness (Ra) as low as 0.226 nm.

Deep learning guided programmable design of Escherichia coli core promoters from sequence architecture to strength control.

Core promoters are essential regulatory elements that control transcription initiation, but accurately predicting and designing their strength remains challenging due to complex sequence-function relationships and the limited generalizability of existing AI-based approaches. To address this, we developed a modular platform integrating rational library design, predictive modelling, and generative optimization into a closed-loop workflow for end-to-end core promoter engineering. Conserved and spacer region of core promoters exert distinct effects on transcriptional strength, with the former driving large-scale variation and the latter enabling finer gradation.

A highly efficient ultra-broadband and wide-angle plasmon absorber based on nanocavity arrays for solar harvesting.

As the demand for renewable energy continues to rise, developing efficient solar energy harvesting technologies has become increasingly important. In this paper, we propose a plasmon absorber utilizing nanocavity arrays to achieve ultra-broadband absorption of solar energy. The results show that the absorber achieves an average absorption rate of 95.

Programmable Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence Through Stereocontrol of Chiral Liquid-Crystalline Co-Assemblies.

Circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes (CP-OLEDs) are essential to prospective 3D displays and advanced polarized lighting systems. The rational design of programmable circularly polarized electroluminescence (CP-EL) materials with a large electroluminescence dissymmetry factor (g) remains a great challenge and is still in its preliminary exploration phase. In this work, two aggregation induced emission active (AIE-active) chiral inducers with different dihedral angles of binaphthalene (S-/R-1 and S-/R-2) and achiral acrylate-based liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) (PyP) were chosed to construct chiral co-assemblies through an intermolecular chirality induction mechanism.

Exploiting aza-zinc-dipyrromethene dyes for photoacoustic imaging guided synergistic anticancer phototherapy.

Developing an innovative phototherapy agent that integrates tumor diagnosis and treatment functions is crucial for improving the precision and efficacy of anti-tumor treatment. Traditional aza-dipyrromethene (aza-DP) dyes exhibited strong photothermal effects, high molar absorption coefficients, and good photostability, but their photodynamic effects were weak. Metal elements were introduced into the aza-DP structure to address this issue, thereby enhancing inter-system crossing (ISC) and improving the photodynamic effect.

Unraveling the Size-Dependent Effect of Cu Cluster on CO Reduction Insight from Theory.

Atomically dispersed and cluster copper (Cu) catalysts anchored on nitrogenated holey carbon frameworks have garnered increasing attention as promising platforms for the electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR), yet the structural evolution and mechanistic origin of selectivity and C-C coupling on Cu clusters remain elusive. Herein, we performed a comprehensive first-principles study of Cu clusters supported on CN substrates to elucidate their structural stability, electronic properties, and catalytic behavior toward C-C products. The Cu atoms stably bind to N sites, evolving from planar to 3D configurations with an increasing cluster size.

Ligand-Engineered All-In-One Cu(I) Iodide Complex Enables Near-Unity Photoluminescence and Advanced 3D X-ray Image Reconstruction.

High-performance X-ray detectors are essential for 3D X-ray imaging in computed tomography (CT), but conventional systems require high radiation doses to achieve fine resolution. All-In-One (AIO) Cu(I) halide complexes, capable of forming both ionic and coordinate bonds within a single structure, offer efficient scintillation at lower doses, yet their performance remains limited by nonradiative energy losses during indirect X-ray-to-light conversion. Here, we develop rigid-cation-assisted AIO Cu(I) halide complexes by introducing π-π interactions to suppress the nonradiative pathways, achieving near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY).

Coverage Analysis of 5G Intelligent High-Speed Railway System Based on Beamwidth-Adaptive Free-Space Optical Communication.

The rapid development of intelligent high-speed railways (HSRs) has significantly improved the transportation efficiency of modern transit systems, while also imposing higher bandwidth demands on mobile communication systems. Free-space optical (FSO) communication technology, as a promising solution, can effectively meet the high-speed data transmission requirements in intelligent HSR scenarios. In this paper, we consider an intelligent HSR system based on beamwidth-adaptive FSO communication and investigate the coverage performance of the system.

Damage Diagnosis Framework for Composite Structures Based on Multi-Dimensional Signal Feature Space and Neural Network.

It is particularly important to ensure the safety of engineering structures, such as aerospace vehicles and wind turbines, most of which are made of composite materials. A sudden failure of the structure may happen following the accumulation of structural damage. Since they are sensitive to tiny damage and can propagate through engineering structures over a long distance, Lamb waves have been widely explored to develop highly efficient damage detection theories and methodologies.

Lead-Free Halide Perovskite CsZrX Doped with Cr for Multifunctional X-ray and NIR Imaging.

Traditional X-ray imaging based on scintillators primarily provides structural insights but falls short of the capacity to resolve intricate biological features. In this work, we propose a multifunctional imaging strategy enabled by CsZrX:Cr halide perovskite that uniquely exhibits both efficient near-infrared (NIR) photoluminescence under UV excitation and intense radioluminescence under X-ray irradiation. The material presents a high light yield of 56,250 photons MeV and a NIR photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 62.

Microcrack-Enhanced PEDOT:PSS Textile for Rapid-Response, Stable, and Breathable Wearable Sensors.

The lightweight, wearable, comfortable, and high-performance sensors are crucial for future wearable electronics to facilitate the real-time monitoring of human health. In this paper, the textile-based flexible dry sensor is fabricated by coating waterborne polyurethane (WPU) enhanced poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) onto the commercial polyester fabric (PF). The WPU, containing both hard and soft segments, was synthesized by using the three-step acetaldehyde method.

Energy-band engineering and deep-ultraviolet photodetection of GaOalloys: a concise review.

Gallium oxide (GaO)-based solar-blind ultraviolet photodetectors gained much attention for their promising prospects in new-generation solid-state optoelectronics and electronics. Catering for the demands of broadband photodetection, tunable energy-band, adjusted carrier concentration and effective carrier transition, alloying engineering through doping is gradually launched as one of the research emphases. This review is proposed to understand the photodetection performances in view of energy-band engineering.

Optimizing Inorganic CsCuSbCl/CsTiI Dual-Absorber Solar Cells: SCAPS-1D Simulations and Machine Learning.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising contender in photovoltaics, owing to their rapidly advancing power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and compatibility with low-temperature solution processing techniques. Single-junction architectures reveal inherent limitations imposed by the Shockley-Queisser (SQ) limit, motivating adoption of a dual-absorber structure comprising CsCuSbCl (CCSC) and CsTiI (CTI)-lead-free perovskite derivatives valued for environmental benignity and intrinsic stability. Comprehensive theoretical screening of 26 electron/hole transport layer (ETL/HTL) candidates identified SrTiO (STO) and CuSCN as optimal charge transport materials, producing an initial simulated PCE of 16.

Advanced Progress of Non-Stoichiometric Transition Metal Sulfides for Sensing, Catalysis, and Energy Storage.

Beyond the extensively studied two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides, a wide range of non-stoichiometric transition metal sulfides, such as molybdenum sulfides and tungsten sulfides (MoS, WS, MoS, MoS, NiMoS), have attracted significant attention for their promising applications in sensing, catalysis, and energy storage. It is necessary to review the current advanced progress of non-stoichiometric transition metal sulfides for various applications. Here, we systematically summarize the synthesis strategies of the non-stoichiometric transition metal sulfides, encompassing methods such as the molten salt synthesis method, high-metal-content growth strategy, and others.

Theory Design of a Virtual Polarizer with Multiscale and Multi-Biomass Sensing.

Recently, more and more attention has been paid to human health with the rapid development of society. A designed virtual polarizer (VP) can realize multiscale and multi-biomass sensing, including temperature, cancerous cells, and COVID-19. Based on coherent perfect polarization conversion, a certain polarization conversion can be fulfilled within 1.

Ultralong organic afterglow from small molecular host-guest materials: state of the art.

Ultralong organic afterglow materials are being actively explored as attractive candidates for a wide range of applications such as data storage, security inks, emergency lighting, etc., due to their unique long-lived excited state properties and inherent advantages of low cost, appreciable functionality and ease of preparation. In the last three years, much effort has been devoted to achieving efficient ultralong afterglow from organic small molecules, which possess controllable intermolecular interactions and defined energy levels, making them a good platform to suppress the non-radiative decays, hence stabilizing the excitons for efficient afterglow emissions at room temperature.

Halide Perovskites for Self-Driven X-Ray Detection.

Recently, halide perovskite X-ray detectors have demonstrated sensitivity orders of magnitude higher than that of state-of-the-art α-Se X-ray detectors, holding great potential to reshape the X-ray detector industry. However, the high dark current and severe baseline drift, caused by carrier injection and ion migration under external electric fields, hinder their practical use. In this context, perovskites are engineered as either semiconductor junctions or ferroelectrics to enable self-driven X-ray detection with ultralow dark current and negligible baseline drift, marking a cutting-edge development in the field.

Internet addiction and anxiety-depressive comorbidity among chinese adolescents: the mitigating effects of physical activity in a large-scale cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the associations between internet addiction (IA), physical activity (PA), and mental health comorbidities (depression, anxiety, and their co-occurrence) among Chinese adolescents, and assess the mediating role of PA in the IA-mental health relationship.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2024 National Student Common Diseases and Risk Factors Surveillance (NSCDRFS) in Tianjin, China, involving 20,692 adolescents aged 12-19 years. IA was assessed via a DSM-5-derived 9-item scale (cutoff ≥ 5).

Magnetic field-targeting and ultrasound-responsive antibiotic delivery for enhanced penetration and eradication of bacterial biofilms.

Bacteria colonizing medical implants usually lead to biofilm formation and result in persistent infections. Conventional antibiotics often fail to effectively accumulate and penetrate the extracellular polymeric barriers of bacterial biofilms. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop effective antibiotic delivery systems capable of biofilm targeting and disruption.