Thickness-Dependent Low Lattice Thermal Conductivity of Chemical Vapor-Deposited SnSe Nanosheets.

SnSe is a layered semiconductor with intrinsically low thermal conductivity, making it a promising candidate for thermoelectric and thermal management applications. However, detailed measurements of the intrinsic thermal conductivity of SnSe nanosheets grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) remain scarce. Here, monocrystalline SnSe nanosheets were synthesized by CVD, with systematic investigation of thickness-dependent in-plane thermal conductivity.

Experimental study on identifying catastrophic failure in the brittle fracture process via multi-source acoustic characteristics.

Identifying and predicting the catastrophic failure of brittle rock remains a challenging task, yet it is crucial for developing early warning systems and preventing dynamic rock hazards. In this study, we employed the propagative parameters of ultrasonic waves and information from acoustic emission (AE) events to characterize the brittle failure of a flawed sandstone sample under uniaxial compression. A sliding event window method was developed to obtain the temporal b-value, effectively revealing microcrack growth based on the frequency-magnitude distribution of AE events.

Confinement of highly dispersed bimetallic Nico nanoparticles in 3D hierarchically mesoporous zeolite with enhanced performance in biomass-derived vanillin hydrodeoxygenation.

Encapsulation of non-noble bimetallic nanoparticles within a zeolite framework can improve the stability and accessibility of active sites, but the single microporous structure and poor metal stability decreased the catalytic performance of the catalyst. Here, 3D hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolite encapsulated NiCo nanoparticles (NiCo@3DHZ5) were synthesized by Bottom-up confined steam-assisted crystallization (SAC) one-pot hydrothermal method and applied to the hydrodeoxygenation of vanillin. A series of characterizations showed that highly stable alloyed NiCo nanoparticles were encapsulated in a framework of 3DHZ5, the strong metal-zeolite interactions resulted in highly dispersed NiCo nano-alloys facilitated hydrogen adsorption and spillover of active hydrogen atoms, and the 3D hierarchical structure promoted oxygenated substrate diffusion, the synergy interaction between the alloy particles confined in the 3DHZ5 pores and the acidic sites on the zeolite surface promoted the selective conversion of vanillin.

20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 Inhibits Neuroinflammation Induced by Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating the Toll-Like Receptor 4/Myeloid Differentiation Factor-88/Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling Pathway.

20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 can reduce the effects of oxidative stress and cell death in cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury (CIRI). Neuroinflammation is crucial post-CIRI, but how 20(R)-Rg3 affects ischemia‒reperfusion-induced neuroinflammation is unclear. To study 20(R)-Rg3's effects on neuroinflammation and neuronal preservation in stroke models and explore toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor-88/nuclear factor kappa B (TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB) pathway mechanisms.

The Essence of Nature Can be the Simplest (6)-Lifespan: Determined by Extracellular Fenton Chemistry.

Understanding the determinants of lifespan is a central objective in biology. Lifespan is shaped by dynamic, stage-specific changes in metabolism, energy allocation, and genome integrity. Heart rate serves as a physiological marker that reflects both life stage and metabolic state.

Identification and Exploration of Novel B Cell Infiltration-Related Biomarkers in Endometriosis.

Objective: To explore B cell infiltration-related genes in endometriosis (EM) and investigate their potential as diagnostic biomarkers.

Methods: Gene expression data from the GSE51981 dataset, containing 77 endometriosis and 34 control samples, were analyzed to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The xCell algorithm was applied to estimate the infiltration levels of 64 immune and stromal cell types, focusing on B cells and naive B cells.

Medication multiple experiences of elderly patient with multiple chronic condition: A qualitative meta-synthesis.

Purpose: To determine the experience of medication multiple in elderly patients with multiple chronic condition by systematically reviewing, retrieving, and synthesizing data from qualitative studies.

Methods: Nine databases were systematically searched for relevant contributions from the time of construction until October 30, 2024. All qualitative studies in English and Chinese exploring the real-life experiences, feelings, etc, of medication multiple in elderly patients with multiple chronic condition were included.

Risk Stratification of Sudden Cardiac Death in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Arrhythmogenic Substrate Assessment in Cardiac MRI.

Background MRI-derived arrhythmogenic substrate, including late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and extracellular volume fraction (ECV), is indicative of sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The relative prognostic value of LGE and ECV remains unclear. Purpose To evaluate the performance of LGE and T1 mapping in predicting SCD in patients with DCM and to explore clinical implementation.

Transformation of Co(OH) to CoOOH for Photocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

The development of efficient and economical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is highly desired, and cobalt-based nanomaterials are promising candidates. In this work, we tackle one key question for cobalt-assisted photocatalytic OER: What is the true active species of Co(OH) for the photocatalytic OER? Hence, we investigated photocatalytic OER on nanostructured Co(OH) and CoO for comparison. We found that there was a significant transformation of Co(OH) during the photocatalytic process with a [Ru(bpy)]/SO buffer.

Accelerated sonochemical fabrication of a polydopamine@COF hierarchical structure for boosting HO photosynthesis.

In this work, a novel organic heterojunction of polydopamine (PDA)@covalent organic framework (COF) was efficiently synthesized the sonochemical method, leveraging the multifunctional properties of PDA as nucleation sites for COF shell (sonoTp-TAPB) growth. The as-prepared PDA@sonoTp-TAPB hierarchical structure delivers a photocatalytic HO production rate of 728.4 μmol g h in pure water.

Study on the remodeling of distal residual dissection after surgery in patients with type A aortic dissection and Marfan syndrome.

Objective: To evaluate the remodeling of the distal aorta and outcomes after aortic surgery for type A aortic dissection (TAAD) in patients with Marfan syndrome and investigate whether morphologic characteristics of the dissection can predict negative remodeling.

Methods: Between 2013 and 2021, we performed total arch with a frozen elephant trunk for 325 patients with Marfan syndrome with DeBakey type I aortic dissection. Mean age was 47.

Calibration Transfer of Deep Learning Models among Multiple Raman Spectrometers via Low-Rank Adaptation.

While deep learning-enhanced Raman spectroscopy enables rapid sample analysis, model portability among spectrometers remains hindered by systematic interdevice variations. In this study, a Low-Rank Adaptation-based Calibration Transfer method (LoRA-CT) is proposed to perform parameter-efficient fine-tuning of deep learning models across spectrometers. By decomposing weight updates into low-rank matrices, LoRA-CT achieves superior calibration transfer with minimal samples, reducing trainable parameters by 600× compared to full parameter fine-tuning.

Health benefits of selenium through the consumption of fresh wild macromycetes from Dali, Yunnan, China.

The beneficial effects of dietary selenium in countering mercury toxicity are increasingly being explored. This information would be particularly useful in Se-deficient regions, such as parts of the Yunnan, where wild fungi are a popular and sustainable food source. Selenium and mercury were analysed in multiple specimens of unprocessed and stir-fried fruiting bodies of bolete fungi.

Counteracting lysosome defects alleviates the cellular senescence of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome.

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare progeroid disorder, and approximately 90% of cases are caused by LMNA mutation that yields the lamin A/C variant progerin. Progerin is toxic, and its clearance and disruption have positive benefits on HGPS cells and mice and even HGPS patients. However, accelerating progerin clearance is still an unaddressed issue.

Integrin αvβ3 Antagonist Ameliorates Atherosclerotic Progression by Reducing Platelet Hyperactivation.

Platelet hyperactivation represents a significant risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the expression and functional roles of integrin αvβ3 and (Multimerin 1) MMRN1 in platelets from atherosclerotic conditions and evaluated the therapeutic potential of integrin αvβ3 antagonism in atherosclerotic progression. We examined the expression patterns of αvβ3 and MMRN1 in platelets from healthy controls, patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), and patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using qRT-PCR and ELISA techniques.

Microglia contribute to bipolar depression through Serinc2-dependent phospholipid synthesis.

Although clinical research has revealed microglia-related inflammatory and immune responses in bipolar disorder (BD) patient brains, it remains unclear how microglia contribute to the pathogenesis of BD. Here, we demonstrated that Serinc2 is associated with susceptibility to BD and showed a reduced expression in BDII patient plasma, which correlated with the disease severity. Using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models of sporadic and familial BDII patients, we found that Serinc2 expression showed deficits in iPSC-derived microglia-like cells, resulting in decreased synaptic pruning.

Calcium/Manganese Nanoreactors Enable Triple-Enhanced Chemodynamic/Photodynamic Therapy via Tumor Microenvironment Reprogramming.

While reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) hold promise for cancer treatment, their efficacy remains constrained by tumor microenvironment (TME) barriers: glutathione (GSH) overexpression, insufficient HO supply, and hypoxia. To address these limitations, we engineered a Trojan horse-inspired MnO-shelled CaO nanoreactor (CaO/MnO-Ce6-PEG) by employing a sequential TME reprogramming strategy, triggering a cascading ROS storm for enhanced CDT and PDT. The outer MnO layer first depletes GSH through redox conversion, exposing the CaO core hydrolysis, and subsequently providing HO for CDT and O for ameliorating hypoxia to boost Ce6-mediated PDT.

A Readily Synthesized All-In-One Nanowire Hydrogel: Toward Inhibiting Tumor Recurrence and Postoperative Infection.

Surgical resection remains the frontline intervention for cancer; however, postoperative tumor recurrence and wound infection remain critical unmet challenge in surgical oncology. Herein, an all-in-one nanowired hydrogel (V-Hydrogel) is developed through a facile one-step assembly employing enzyme-mimetic VO nanowires and bactericidal crosslinker THPS. The V-Hydrogel reserves the glutathione peroxidase-, peroxidase-, catalase-, and oxidase-mimetic enzymatic activities derived from vanadium oxide nanowires, thereby exhibiting efficient tumor-specific catalytic therapy.

Comparative Cochlear Transcriptomics in Echolocating Bats and Mouse Reveals Hras as Protector Against Noise-Induced Hearing Loss.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), caused by irreversible cochlear hair cell (HC) damage, lacks effective therapies due to a limited understanding of endogenous protective mechanisms. The echolocating bats exhibit natural resistance to intense noise, and this suggested novel insights into methods to protect against NIHL. Here, through comparative transcriptomic analysis of noise-exposed cochleae from the eastern bent-winged bats (Miniopterus fuliginosus) and mice, the specific transcriptional dynamics in noise-resistant Miniopterus fuliginosus are revealed, thus highlighting potential mechanisms for preventing cochlear damage that mouse models cannot replicate, with Hras emerging as the most significant hub upregulator.

Research Progress of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Autophagy in Diabetic Complications: New Treatment Strategies.

Diabetes has emerged as a critical global health issue, with its associated complications posing a severe threat to patients' quality of life. Current research demonstrates that imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics and autophagic dysregulation play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, particularly in diabetic cardiomyopathy, nephropathy, peripheral neuropathy and retinopathy. Strategic modulation of mitochondrial function and autophagic activity represents a promising therapeutic approach for managing diabetic complications.

Novel pathogenic splicing mutation in in a patient with Stickler syndrome verified by minigene splicing assay.

Background: Stickler syndrome (STL) is a group of related connective tissue disorders characterized by heterogeneous clinical presentations with varying degrees of orofacial, ocular, skeletal, and auditory abnormalities. However, this condition is difficult to diagnose on the basis of clinical features because of phenotypic variability. Thus, expanding the variant spectrum of this disease will aid in achieving a firm definitive diagnosis of STL.

Lightweight rice leaf spot segmentation model based on improved DeepLabv3.

Introduction: Rice is an important food crop but is susceptible to diseases. However, currently available spot segmentation models have high computational overhead and are difficult to deploy in field environments.

Methods: To address these limitations, a lightweight rice leaf spot segmentation model (MV3L-MSDE-PGFF-CA-DeepLabv3+, MMPC-DeepLabv3+) was developed for three common rice leaf diseases: rice blast, brown spot and bacterial leaf blight.

Total ginsenosides enhance γ-globin expression and fetal hemoglobin production in β-thalassemia models.

Introduction: β-thalassemia is a genetic hemoglobinopathy characterized by defective β-globin synthesis and ineffective erythropoiesis. Pharmacological induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) via γ-globin gene activation represents a promising therapeutic strategy. Total ginsenosides (TG), the principal active constituents of , have shown epigenetic and transcriptional modulatory properties, yet their role in HbF induction remains unexplored.

Asymmetrical branched PEG-modified liposomes evade anti-PEG antibody recognition to abolish accelerated blood clearance and amplify tumor drug accumulation.

The prevalence of anti-polyethylene glycol (PEG) antibodies poses a significant challenge for the clinical translation of PEGylated liposomes, leading to an accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon and diminishing therapeutic effectiveness. To address this limitation, we designed an asymmetrical branched PEG derivative (mPEG-DSPE) and prepared mPEG-DSPE-modified liposomes, which included 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3'-tetramethylindo dicarbocyanine iodide liposomes (P-DiR) and mitomycin C lipid prodrug (MSC) liposomes (P-MSC) to minimize the binding of anti-PEG antibodies. Cellular binding assays revealed that the anti-PEG antibody binding rate for P-DiR was only 0.