A strain of mycovirus AaVV1 mediates hypovirulence of Alternaria species.

The genus Alternaria comprises a wide range of ubiquitous plant pathogens that affect various host plants. Certain mycoviruses can induce changes in the biological characteristics and virulence of host fungi, offering potential for biocontrol in managing fungal plant diseases. Here, we identified a mycovirus with a high degree of homology to Alternaria arborescens victorivirus 1 (AaVV1), which was previously reported from Alternaria arborescens, in the QRH strain of the heterologous host Alternaria gomphrenae.

Dual sulfur sources redox dynamics guided growth of 〈hk1〉-oriented SbS microrods: lattice strain modulation for ultra-low dark current.

Antimony trisulfide (SbS) has emerged as a promising inorganic semiconductor for optoelectronics due to its distinctive anisotropic crystal structure and suitable bandgap (∼1.7 eV). While hydrothermal synthesis remains challenging for achieving high crystallinity and controlled morphology, we developed an innovative dual‑sulfur precursor strategy utilizing sodium thiosulfate (STS) and thioacetamide (TAA) at a 7:2 M ratio with SbCl.

Dual-functional phthalamide modulation of aging-resistant PbI for efficient perovskite solar cells.

The sequential preparation of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has received widespread concern for its use in large-scale perovskite modules and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. However, the instability of the PbI precursor solution and the incomplete reaction of ammonium salts hinder the industrialization of PSCs. Here, by introducing phthalamide (PA) into PbI solution, the carbonyl oxygen of PA molecules undergoes a bidentate coordination reaction with Pb to form an octahedral coordination structure, and the nitrogen atom in the -NH group exhibits weakly acidic properties due to the conjugation effect.

Effects of camellia seed cake protein on the printability, antioxidant activity and digestive performance of 3D-printed plant protein meat analogues.

This paper aims to explore the feasibility of enhancing the printing performance of 3D-printed meat analogues by varying the substitution amount of camellia seed cake protein (SCP) in the edible ink system based on proteins and polysaccharides. It covers the ink formulation, rheological properties and product analysis. The addition of SCP can significantly enhance the apparent viscosity, mechanical strength, and water retention capacity of the inks.

Highly sensitive detection and mechanism study of tetracycline in water by CuFeO/NiCo-LDH heterojunction electrochemical sensor.

A CuFeO/NiCo-LDH heterojunction electrochemical sensor (LDH: layered double hydroxide) was developed for the sensitive detection of tetracycline (TC). The sensor was constructed by integrating ZIF-67-derived nanocage NiCo-LDH on nickel foam with CuFeO, forming a p-n heterojunction that enhanced electron transfer and TC adsorption. The sensor exhibited bilinear detection ranges (0.

AI-driven and Traditional Radiomic Model for Predicting Muscle Invasion in Bladder Cancer via Multi-parametric Imaging: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Rationale And Objectives: This study systematically evaluates the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven and conventional radiomics models in detecting muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) through meta-analytical approaches. Furthermore, it investigates their potential synergistic value with the Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) and assesses clinical translation prospects.

Methods: This study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Sustainable bio-based film based on chitosan resin crosslinking with tannin, phytic acid and octadecylamine for food packaging application.

Chitosan and tannin are both promising renewable materials for food packaging; however, their effectiveness is limited by incomplete interactions between them. Therefore, phytic acid and octadecylamine were employed to create chitosan-tannin-phytic acid-octadecylamine (CTPO) films that are flame-retardant, UV-resistant, antibacterial and hydrophobic for food packaging applications. The findings indicate that the CTPO film exhibited excellent hydrophobicity and mechanical properties, with a water contact angle of 133.

Widespread incongruence in the phylogenomics of the ancient land plant lineage, Selaginellaceae (lycophytes).

The advent of high-throughput genomic sequencing has provided unprecedented access to genome-scale data. This deluge of data has yielded new insights into phylogenetic relationships across the tree of life. However, incongruent results arising from different data partitions or from the use of different analyses have often been overlooked or insufficiently explored.

How nutrients and antibiotics shape microbial network patterns: Comparative insights from Erhai Lake bays.

Freshwater lakes are increasingly subject to simultaneous nutrient enrichment and antibiotic pollution, yet the joint effects of these stressors on microbial network structure remain poorly characterized. This study examined the combined effects of nutrients and antibiotics on bacterial communities across eight bays in Erhai Lake, which were classified into high-, moderate-, and low-pollution zones. High-pollution bays (Haichao, Dongsha, and Shuanglang) recorded the region's highest nutrient concentrations, with chemical oxygen demand reaching 33.

Article I. metformin affects H1N1-induced apoptosis in lung epithelial cells by the miR-130a-5p-regulated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Background: H1N1 influenza virus can cause diffuse alveolar damage, such as pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis, when it infects the respiratory tract. Metformin not only improves chronic inflammation but also has direct anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, the focus of this study was on the molecular mechanism and regulatory mechanism of metformin against influenza virus in alleviating lung disease.

Tigliane glycosides from Euphorbia tirucalli as multidrug resistance modulators.

Chemical investigation of the twigs and leaves of Euphorbia tirucalli afforded six undescribed tigliane glycosides, tirucalosides A-F (1-6), together with 12 known diterpenoids (7-18). Compound 1 represents a rare carbon skeleton bearing a 5/7/5/4-fused ring system, while compound 6 contains an unusual seco-glucoside substitution. Their structures were determined by a combination of an extensive spectroscopic analysis and acid hydrolysis experiment.

Ortho-bridge system for the treatment of Vancouver type B1 periprosthetic femoral fractures based on three dimensional printing.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of Vancouver B1 periprosthetic femoral fractures (PFF) treated with the Ortho-bridge system (OBS) internal fixation and assess the potential benefits of 3D printing technology in preoperative planning and surgical execution for these cases.

Method: This retrospective study analyzed 55 consecutive Vancouver B1 periprosthetic femoral fracture cases treated surgically at Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (2014-2022) with minimum 1-year follow-up. Patients were divided into conventional ORIF (n = 21) and OBS fixation groups (n = 34), with the OBS group further stratified into standard procedure (n = 18) and 3D-printing-assisted (n = 16) subgroups.

CsWRKY15 from tea plant promotes its auto-resistance when intercropped with chestnut.

To explore the role of WRKY transcription factors in resistance, a WRKY15 homologous gene, CsWRKY15, and its promoter were isolated from tea plants when intercropped with chestnut. CsWRKY15 expression was significantly induced by ethephon, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and low temperature. Notably, its expression was strongly induced by exogenous gibberellic acid (GA3).

Reverse Wenckebach Phenomenon After Surgical Repair of Bicuspid Aortic Valve: Long-Term Follow-Up.

Background: The Wenckebach phenomenon of atrioventricular conduction is deemed a physiological response of the atrioventricular node to a high atrial rate. However, the reverse Wenckebach phenomenon is under-recognized.

Case Summary: We report an instance of reverse Wenckebach phenomenon developing into complete heart block in a 33-year-old man who experienced syncope after surgical repair of prolapsed bicuspid aortic valves.

GreenCells: A comprehensive resource for single-cell analysis of plant lncRNAs.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. With the advancement of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology, it is now possible to investigate lncRNA expression and function at single-cell resolution. Although several plant single-cell transcriptome databases have been established, they predominantly focus on protein-coding genes while largely overlooking lncRNAs.

A cellulose-based near-infrared fluorescent probe for ratiometric imaging and visual monitoring of ClO in water via smartphone.

Cellulose is the most abundant renewable biomass resource on Earth, with good biodegradability and biocompatibility. In this study, a novel cellulose-based near-infrared fluorescent probe MN@NIR for ClO detection was developed by amination modification of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), followed by the introduction of naphthalimide fluorophores and dicyanoisophorone groups. The probe MN@NIR exhibits excellent fluorescence properties with dual-emission peaks at 543 nm and 690 nm, the latter falling within the near-infrared (NIR) window.

C/N-Driven Synergies: Earthworms optimize CO/NO mitigation and soil quality in floral waste recycling.

The expansion of floriculture has increased the need for sustainable floral waste management to support agricultural carbon neutrality. This study assessed the impact of carnation, lily, and rose straw amendments (with varying C/N ratios, lignin, and cellulose) on GHG emissions and soil quality with earthworm (Eisenia fetida). Controlled microcosm experiments were conducted to examine the effects of straw types and earthworms on CO and NO fluxes, as well as soil properties, enzyme activities, and microbial functions.

LlLRP1, an SHI/SRS transcription factor, mediates bulbil formation in Lilium lancifolium via regulation by LlWOX11 and response to NaCl stress.

Bulbil formation in Lilium lancifolium represents a pivotal vegetative reproduction strategy, yet the transcriptional regulatory network governing this process remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we identify LlLRP1 by full-length cloning, sequence analysis and subcellular localization, an SHI/SRS family transcription factor, as a key mediator of bulbil morphogenesis. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that LlLRP1 is a downstream target of LlWOX11, with its promoter harboring conserved binding motifs (AAAG, AGTA) validated by yeast one-hybrid, dual-luciferase reporter, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays.

PathTGSeg: The pathologic image segmentation of breast cancer via template matching and graphic calculation.

Pathologic image analysis is important for providing fundamental references for the clinical diagnosis of breast cancer. Although many methods have achieved outstanding performance in the pathologic image segmentation of breast cancer, there are still two issues limiting further development in this task. First, diverse and complex appearances exist within the observed scope for the same type of breast cancer.

Synthesis of cerium dioxide-calcium oxide composite antibacterial materials and their use for water treatment and dye degradation.

Bacterial infections have become a major challenge to global public health security. In this study, based on the concept of green synthesis, three cerium dioxide (CeO)-calcium oxide (CaO) composites (CS-CeO@CaO, CT-CeO@CaO, and CTD-CeO@CaO) were developed using chemical hydrothermal (CS), chrysanthemum tea impregnation (CT), and residue impregnation (CTD). Eggshell-derived calcium oxide was used as the carrier, in combination with the functional components of chrysanthemum tea and its residue extract.

Cyclic Heptapeptide FZ1 Acts as an Integrin αvβ3 Agonist to Facilitate Diabetic Skin Wound Healing by Enhancing Angiogenesis.

Diabetic wound healing remains a persistent clinical challenge, necessitating the development of effective therapeutic agents and a deeper understanding of regulatory mechanisms. The cyclic heptapeptide FZ1, characterized by favorable biocompatibility, exhibited significantly greater efficacy than rh-bFGF and Cy in promoting cell proliferation and migration. In diabetic wound models, FZ1 markedly accelerated tissue regeneration and stimulated angiogenesis, as indicated by the upregulation of CD31 and α-SMA.

Transformation of a covalent organic framework from dual pores to single pores and their different properties.

We have achieved a controllable transformation of covalent organic framework (COF) isomers from BATD-Dma-COF-K (dual pores) to BATD-Dma-COF-R (single pores). The fluorescence of BATD-Dma-COF-K was enhanced by clinafloxacin (CFN). After transformation from dual pores to single pores, BATD-Dma-COF-R can effectively adsorb CFN, but cannot fluoresce to detect CFN.

Discovery of insect Fairmaire extracts with anti-tyrosinase activity and anti-melanin deposition.

Background: Fairmaire is a medicinal insect that has been used for a long time by minority ethnic groups in Yunnan, China, due to its immunomodulatory function. However, its potential applications in cosmetics have not been reported.

Methods: experiments were used to verify whether the extracts of Fairmaire (EBR) have the effect of inhibiting TYR activity and eliminating melanin deposition.

Correction: Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal a stress-induced EMT-like epithelial subset driving immune activation in silica-injured lung.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.