Differential Expression of ATP6V1D and Its Diagnostic Potential in IgA Nephropathy.

Objective: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most prevalent form of primary glomerular disease. However, its diagnosis is contingent on kidney biopsy. Therefore, noninvasive biomarkers are urgently needed for diagnosis.

Second-order Calibration-assisted Excitation-emission Matrix Fluorescence Detection of Multi-class Mycotoxins in Grape, Wine and Raisin for Food Safety Assessment.

Mycotoxin in grape and its products (wine, raisin) is a widely concerned issue of food safety, it closely associated with consumers' health. In this study, an analytical strategy by combining second-order calibration method with excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence detection followed photo derivatization (PD) was explored for rapid and sensitive analysis of aflatoxin B (AFB), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA) in grape, raisin and wine. Except simple solvent extraction by ethyl acetate and concentration by vacuum distillation, samples don't need other complicated treatment steps any more.

Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance of BiVO Photoanodes Co-Modified with Borate and NiFeO.

Despite significant progress in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, high fabrication costs and limited efficiency of photoanodes hinder practical applications. Bismuth vanadate (BiVO), with its low cost, non-toxicity, and suitable band structure, is a promising photoanode material but suffers from poor charge transport, sluggish surface kinetics, and photocorrosion. In this study, porous monoclinic BiVO films are fabricated via a simplified successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method, followed by borate treatment and PEC deposition of NiFeO.

Multivariate Modeling-Enhanced Stable Isotopic Origin Traceability of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Rape Honey.

Rationale: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) rape honey, recognized as a Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) product in China, has faced significant challenges due to fraudulent mislabeling of its origins in the market. To ensure the authenticity of PGI honey products and uphold market integrity, it is crucial to develop a rapid, precise, and efficient geographical traceability technology.

Methods: A total of 208 honey samples were collected from QTP (n = 71) and 5 provinces in the southern region (SR, n = 137) of China.

Predicting HIV self-testing intentions among Chinese college students: a dual-model analysis integrating health belief constructs and machine learning prioritization.

Introduction: As college students emerge as a key HIV-vulnerable population in China, HIV self-testing (HIVST) presents a critical strategy for enhancing detection rates and enabling timely intervention. While observational studies have identified multifactorial influences on HIVST willingness, few investigations integrate behavioral theory with machine learning approaches among college students. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the determinants of HIVST willingness among college students using the Health Belief Model (HBM) and random forest analytics.

Iron-modified biochar modulates root metabolism, mitigates antimony accumulation and enhances growth in rice (Oryza sativa).

Background: Antimony (Sb), with low biodegradability and high bioavailability in plants, poses significant health risks via the food chain due to its chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity. Modified biochar represents a promising amendment for ecological remediation of metal-contaminated croplands, yet the efficacy and mechanisms of its application in mitigating Sb accumulation and improving plant growth in Sb-polluted agricultural systems remain inadequately elucidated and require systematic investigation.

Results: In this study, pristine biochar (BC) and iron-modified biochar (FeBC) were prepared from pomelo peel flesh (PPF; Citrus maxima), and their effects on rice root growth, Sb content, and metabolism under 30 mg/L Sb stress were evaluated.

Mechanisms of NO emission reduction during agricultural straw composting: functional gene regulation and bacterial community dynamics mediated by exogenous microbial inoculants.

This study investigated the effects of exogenous microbial inoculation on nitrous oxide (NO) emissions, NO-related gene expression, and bacterial community structure during straw composting. The study found that the inoculation of thermophilic bacteria and the combined inoculation of thermophilic bacteria and decomposition agent reduced NO emissions by 33.3 % and 50.

Impacts of polyethylene microplastics on the performance and mechanism of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) degradation by two ecotype earthworms.

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a ubiquitous agricultural plasticizer, readily leaches into soils. Earthworm-mediated DEHP biodegradation and microplastics (MPs) co-contamination effects on vermicomposting remain uncharacterized. This study evaluated DEHP biodegradation and metabolic pathways in polyethylene microplastic-added soil under earthworm activity.

Optimizing physical education schedules for long-term health benefits.

Introduction: Physical education (PE) plays a vital role in promoting long-term health and wellness among students. Effective scheduling of PE classes is essential for maximizing fitness improvements across diverse populations. However, traditional approaches to optimizing PE schedules may not adequately account for individual differences in demographics and activity patterns.

Complete sequencing of the mitochondrial genome of tea plant cv. 'Baihaozao': multichromosomal structure, phylogenetic relationships, and adaptive evolutionary analysis.

Introduction: This study reports for the first time the complete sequence characteristics of the mitochondrial genome of the tea plant cultivar Camellia sinensis cv. 'Baihaozao'. It systematically unveils its multi-chromosomal structure, RNA editing patterns, and adaptive evolutionary mechanisms, providing critical theoretical insights into the structural complexity and evolutionary mechanisms of the tea plant mitochondrial genome.

Hydrothermally Synthesized PPy/VO Nanorod Composites for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery Cathodes.

The rapid development of energy storage technologies has led to an increasing demand for high-performance electrode materials that can enhance both the energy density and the cycling stability of batteries. In this study, polypyrrole (PPy) nanorods with partial hollow features are utilized as a conductive and flexible framework for the in situ growth of VO nanospheres via a simple hydrothermal method, forming a well-defined core-shell PPy/VO nanocomposite. This hierarchical nanostructure combines the excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical flexibility of PPy with the high theoretical capacity of VO, creating a synergistic effect that significantly enhances the electrochemical performance.

Rapid elemental imaging of copper-bearing critical ores using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy coupled with PCA and PLS-DA.

This study presents the application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for analyzing various copper-bearing critical ores with significant Cu concentrations. LIBS detected Cu as a base element, along with other minor elements including Al, C, Fe, Mg, Ni, Si, and Zn, under optimized experimental conditions that include 80 ± 0.3 mJ laser energy, 2 μs delay time, ∼500 μm spot size, and a 45° angle between the collecting lens and the sample surface.

The influence of chronic cadmium exposure on the activity of adult Pelophylax nigromaculatus revealed by brain transcriptomics and metabolomics.

Cadmium (Cd), a common environmental pollutant, has potentially negative effects on the behavior of aquatic animals. This study investigated the effects of exposure to Cd (0 mg/L, 1 mg/L and 10 mg/L) on movement behavior, brain metabolites, and brain gene expression of adult Pelophylax nigromaculatus. Treatments with 1 mg/L and 10 mg/L Cd resulted in a significant increase in movement frequency, movement time, average speed of movement, and movement distance.

The influence of college students' exercise participation on feelings of self-deficiency: the mediating effect of social support.

Objective: To explore the influence of college students' exercise participation on their feelings of self-deficiency and its mechanisms, with social support as a mediating variable.

Methods: The study utilized the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), the Feelings of Inadequacy Scale (FIS), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). A stratified random sampling method was used to select 981 college students from different provinces and universities for a questionnaire survey.

A Novel OsMPK6-OsMADS47-PPKL1/3 Module Controls Grain Shape and Yield in Rice.

Grain shape is a key determinant of both grain yield and appearance quality in rice. However, the interactions among different regulatory pathways remain unclear. Here, a novel regulatory axis centered on a MADS-box transcription factor (TF) OsMADS47 for controlling rice grain shape is reported.

Field-Based Evaluation of Insecticide Effectiveness on in Guangdong, China: Implications for Pest Control Strategies.

In southern China, cowpea production is severely threatened by due to its fast-evolving resistance to insecticides. The toxicity monitoring of commonly used insecticides against field populations provides key information for the resistance management of pests. In this study, field populations of were collected from three locations (QY, YF, MM) in Guangdong, and the sensitivity of these populations against insecticides was determined by using a thrips insecticides bioassay system (TIBS) method.

Preparation of VO Composite Cathode Material Based on In Situ Intercalated Polyaniline and Its High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery Applications.

With the rapid growth of renewable energy, the need for efficient and stable energy storage systems has become increasingly urgent. Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) can offer high safety, abundant zinc supply, and promising electrochemical properties. However, their performance is limited by poor electronic conductivity, slow Zn diffusion, and structural degradation of conventional cathode materials.

Electrode Design Based on Porous MnO/PPy Hybrid Nanocomposite and Its Application in Zinc-Ion Batteries.

The development of safe, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly energy storage systems has spurred growing interest in aqueous ZIBs. However, the poor cycling stability of cathode materials-mainly due to manganese dissolution and structural degradation-remains a major bottleneck. In this work, a porous MnO/PPy hybrid nanocomposite is successfully synthesized via an in situ co-precipitation strategy.

The influences of pulse exposure versus continuous exposure to cadmium are different: Mechanisms elucidated from motor behavior and brain in amphibian larvae.

Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant in aquatic ecosystems, often present in the form of pulses. However, the toxic effects of Cd on aquatic animals have been found to come primarily from continuous exposure, and there is little research on the effects of pulse exposure on animals. Here, the different effects of Cd exposure patterns on the motor behavior, brain histology and brain metabolism of Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles (20 per parallel group) were explored.

Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduces heavy metal uptake in rice by affecting rhizosphere microbes and root metabolism.

The addition of functional microorganisms is a common approach for remediating farmland contaminated with heavy metals, but the mechanisms underlying their reduction of crop absorption of these metals require further investigation. Here, the effect of adding Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC) on the accumulation of heavy metals, including antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn), in rice was investigated, and the possible mechanisms behind these effects were explored. The results revealed that PC treatment significantly decreased the concentrations of Sb, As, Cr, Pb and Zn in rice grains, while increasing the abundance of four beneficial bacterial genera, including Mycobacterium, Desulfovirga, Methylosarcina, and Ferruginibacter.

Response of Soil Microbial Diversity to Triple-Cropping System in Paddy Fields in Middle Reaches of Yangtze River.

To explore the characteristics of soil microbial community structure diversity for different planting patterns in paddy fields, and to screen out the planting patterns suitable for the promotion of double-cropping rice areas in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, five typical planting patterns were set up in this study. The five patterns are Chinese milk vetch-early rice-late rice (CRR, CK), Chinese milk vetch-early rice-sweet potato || late soybean (CRI), rapeseed-early rice-late rice (RRR), rapeseed-early rice-sweet potato || late soybean (RRI) and potato-early rice-late rice (PRR). The variation characteristics of soil microbial community structure diversity and the correlation between soil environmental factors and soil microbial community structure diversity under the triple-cropping system in the double-cropping rice area of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River were studied by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Laser-Based Characterization and Classification of Functional Alloy Materials (AlCuPbSiSnZn) Using Calibration-Free Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and a Laser Ablation Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer for Electrotechnical Applications.

In this paper, we present the analysis of functional alloy samples containing metals aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), silicon (Si), tin (Sn), and zinc (Zn) using a Q-switched Nd laser operating at a wavelength of 532 nm with a pulse duration of 5 ns. Nine pelletized alloy samples were prepared, each containing varying chemical concentrations (wt.%) of Al, Cu, Pb, Si, Sn, and Zn-elements commonly used in electrotechnical and thermal functional materials.

Atrazine exposure induces abnormal swimming behavior of tadpoles under light and/or dark stimuli: A comprehensive multi-omics insights from eyes and brain.

Atrazine, a widely used pesticide, can damage organs and affect the respond ability of aquatic animals to environmental stimuli. To explore the amphibian response to light and/or dark stimuli following pesticide exposure, a comparative analysis was conducted on the swimming behavior of Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles (Gs 8 - Gs 36, from fertilised egg to forelimb appearance) following a 60-day exposure period to atrazine. Additionally, an examination of ocular structures, eye metabolism, and brain transcription was undertaken across the treatment groups.

Chronic chlorothalonil exposure inhibits locomotion and interferes with the gut-liver axis in Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles.

Chlorothalonil is a widely used fungicide that has a negative effect on individual movement, but its impact pathway needs further refinement. Here, the effects of exposure to chlorothalonil on the locomotion behavior of Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles (GS23) were measured at three different levels (0 µg/L, 10 µg/L, and 50 µg/L), and the possible pathways of its effects were analyzed from the gut-liver axis. Chlorothalonil exposure levels of 10 µg/L and 50 µg/L significantly reduced the average speed of P.

Competitive ion-molecule-coordinated interactions for high-voltage and high-rate lithium batteries under ultra-wide temperature.

The sluggish ion transport and deteriorating electrode-electrolyte interphase hinder the performance of lithium-ion batteries under wide temperature operation, thereby posing substantial challenges in improving both high-voltage and high-rate performance. Herein, the competitive ion-molecule-coordinated interactions (Li-anion-solvent-diluent) achieve a balance that directs an anion-dominated and moderate diluent-interacting solvation structure, resulting in an excellent wide-temperature electrolyte with electrochemical stability up to 5.4 V and high Li-ion conductivity (1.