Unraveling the molecular basis of antibiotic resistance in S. aureus focusing on plasmid-mediated mechanisms.

This study investigates antibiotic resistance mechanisms in Staphylococcus aureus, focusing on plasmid-mediated resistance, and evaluates triazole compounds as potential inhibitors against resistant strains. The study was conducted at SZABIST, Karachi, using ten Staphylococcus isolates. Identification was performed via biochemical assays and 16S rRNA PCR.

Laser-Based Characterization and Classification of Functional Alloy Materials (AlCuPbSiSnZn) Using Calibration-Free Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and a Laser Ablation Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer for Electrotechnical Applications.

In this paper, we present the analysis of functional alloy samples containing metals aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), silicon (Si), tin (Sn), and zinc (Zn) using a Q-switched Nd laser operating at a wavelength of 532 nm with a pulse duration of 5 ns. Nine pelletized alloy samples were prepared, each containing varying chemical concentrations (wt.%) of Al, Cu, Pb, Si, Sn, and Zn-elements commonly used in electrotechnical and thermal functional materials.

Whole-genome evaluation and prophages characterization associated with genome of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii UOL-KIMZ-24-2.

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is an emerging threat to healthcare settings in many countries, principally in South Asia. The current study was aimed to identify, evaluate whole-genome and characterize the prophages in genome of CRAB strain, recovered from patients of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. More than 200 samples were collected and identified by morphological and biochemical tests.

Analysis of the genome data of UOL-KIMZ-24, exhibiting multiple drug resistance through efflux pumps.

is a well-known opportunistic pathogen, responsible for various nosocomial infections. UOL-KIMZ-24 was previously isolated from a clinical specimen, collected from Lahore General Hospital, Lahore (LGH), Pakistan, dated 3rd March, 2022. During the initial screening for antimicrobial susceptibility, the UOL-KIMZ-24 was found a multiple drug resistant (MDR) strain.

Dysregulated renal tubular handling of filtered glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A descriptive study.

Objective: To determine the frequency of suspected dysregulated renal tubular handling of filtered glucose, and its association with blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: The analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2022 to June 2023 at the Department of Medicine along with the Department of Pathology and Biochemistry, Pakistan Railway Hospital, Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised diabetics aged 19-80 years. Blood and urinary glucose were assessed at the point of contact.

Reflections on co-producing an obesity-prevention toolkit for Islamic Religious Settings: a qualitative process evaluation.

Background: Islamic leaders, staff, and Muslim parents in the UK are supportive of healthy lifestyle intervention delivery through Islamic Religious Settings. Such interventions are necessary given high obesity rates in British South Asian (40%) compared to White British (32%) children of equivalent age. Co-production can facilitate the development of culturally appropriate health interventions, however it can be theoretically and practically challenging, and evaluation of co-production within an Islamic Religious Setting context is lacking.

Assessment of eating habits, lifestyle and physical activity among medical and dental students of Faisalabad Medical University.

Objective: To assess the eating habits, lifestyle and physical activity and their impact on health of students of Faisalabad Medical University (FMU) Faisalabad Pakistan.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was prepared on 328 medical and dental students at Faisalabad Medical University from June, 2022 to October, 2022. Three Factor Eating Questionnaire Revised 21 (TFEQ-R21) was used to assess the eating habits among medical students and physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short version.

Managing Kartagener's Syndrome With Type II Respiratory Failure and Left-Sided Pneumothorax During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Report.

Kartagener's syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder with symptoms varying from chronic sinusitis to bronchiectasis and situs inversus (a congenital condition in which the visceral organs are located in an opposite location). We describe a rare and complicated case of a 40-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency room with significant chest congestion and Kartagener's syndrome. This case demonstrates the value of individualized and proactive care as well as the challenge of managing this illness, particularly when it coexists with type II respiratory failure related to pneumothorax.

A rare case of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita in a 2-year-old boy case report.

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is an uncommon condition present from birth that is marked by a combination of weakened muscles and multiple joint contractures. We present a case of a 2-year-old boy with AMC, who was born to consanguineous parents in Saudi Arabia. He presented with musculoskeletal abnormalities of all four limbs, including symmetric contractures in multiple joints of the body, bilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip, and vertical talus.

The prevalence, angiographic profile and clinical features, management, and outcomes of coronary artery perforation secondary to percutaneous coronary interventions in Pakistan: a retrospective cohort study.

Unlabelled: Coronary artery perforation (CAP) is a rare entity that is often fatal. The mortality rates reported as high as up to 21% hence prompt diagnosis, intervention, and treatment are paramount to survival for such patients. Several factors may predispose a patient to coronary artery intervention including chronic total occlusion, severe calcification and tortuosity, aggressive use of oversized balloons and stents, and use of athero-ablative devices.

Concurrent Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Retrospective Study From a Tertiary Care Centre in Sindh, Pakistan.

Introduction: The present study aimed to evaluate the proportion of concurrent symptoms of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCSs) among patients with schizophrenia.

Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken at the Department of Psychiatry, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Sindh, Pakistan between 1st March 2019 and 1st April 2020. All cases with diagnosed schizophrenia irrespective of gender, age, or ethnicity were eligible for the study.

Molecular Characterization, Purification, and Mode of Action of KAE01 from Lactic Acid Bacteria and Its In Silico Analysis against MDR/ESBL .

Bacteriocins are gaining immense importance in therapeutics since they show significant antibacterial potential. This study reports the bacteriocin KAE01 from along with its characterization, molecular modeling, and antibacterial potency, by targeting the matrix protein of . The bacteriocin was purified by using ammonium sulfate precipitation and fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), and its molecular weight was estimated as 55 kDa by means of SDS-PAGE.

An Urdu speech for emotion recognition.

Emotion recognition from acoustic signals plays a vital role in the field of audio and speech processing. Speech interfaces offer humans an informal and comfortable means to communicate with machines. Emotion recognition from speech signals has a variety of applications in the area of human computer interaction (HCI) and human behavior analysis.

Microbial Patterns and Antibiotic Susceptibility in Blood Culture Isolates of Septicemia Suspected Children in the Pediatrics Ward of a Tertiary Care Hospital.

 This study aims to determine microbial patterns and antibiotic susceptibility to alert clinicians to the emerging pathogens that may pose a threat to the community, especially children.  This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from July 2019 to December 2019. Two samples were taken from two different sites of each patient at the time of fever (> 100° F) to avoid chances of contamination.

A comparison of characteristics and outcomes of patients with community-acquired and hospital-acquired COVID-19 in the United Kingdom: An observational study.

Background And Objectives: Reports comparing the characteristics of patients and their clinical outcomes between community-acquired (CA) and hospital-acquired (HA) COVID-19 have not yet been reported in the literature. We aimed to characterise and compare clinical, biochemical and haematological features, in addition to clinical outcomes, between these patients.

Methods: This multi-centre, retrospective, observational study enrolled 488 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients - 339 with CA infection and 149 with HA infection.

The Influence of Tomographic Corneal Characteristics on Epithelial Thickness Profile.

Purpose To understand the influence of tomographic corneal characteristics on the epithelium of normal eyes. Methods We scanned a total of 98 eyes of 98 individuals using anterior segment tomography and a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) epithelial mapping tool. Only eyes with no previous pathology were included, with a refractive range of +5 diopters (D) to -6 D, intraocular pressure of < 22 mmHg, and no evidence of dry eye (Schirmer's test 2 value > 5 mm).

Incidence of Hyperuricemia in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction - A Case-Control Study.

Introduction Various researches have stated the correlation between serum uric acid (sUA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, no local studies are available. In this study, we will determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with acute myocardial infarction and compare with the control group. Methods This case-control study was conducted from March to November 2019 in the tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.

Comparison of Lipid Profile in Patients With and Without Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Introduction There is ample data available to determine the impact of deranged lipid values of acute myocardial infarction (AMI); however, there is a paucity of data from low-income countries like Pakistan. In this study, we aim to determine the correlation of lipid values with AMI. Materials and methods This case-control study was conducted from 1 February 2019 to 30 October 2019 in a tertiary care hospital in Sukkur, Pakistan.

Nuclear spatial and spectral features based evolutionary method for meningioma subtypes classification in histopathology.

Meningioma subtypes classification is a real-world multiclass problem from the realm of neuropathology. The major challenge in solving this problem is the inherent complexity due to high intra-class variability and low inter-class variation in tissue samples. The development of computational methods to assist pathologists in characterization of these tissue samples would have great diagnostic and prognostic value.

A new texture and shape based technique for improving meningioma classification.

Over the past decade, computer-aided diagnosis is rapidly growing due to the availability of patient data, sophisticated image acquisition tools and advancement in image processing and machine learning algorithms. Meningiomas are the tumors of brain and spinal cord. They account for 20% of all the brain tumors.

Dietary habits and life style among the students of a private medical university Karachi.

Objectives: To determine the dietary habits and life style of the students of a private medical university in Karachi.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Baqai Medical University, from August 2005 to September 2005. A total of 384 medical students from the batches of 2002 to 2005 participated in this study.

Dietary habits and life style among the students of a private medical university Karachi.

Objectives: To determine the dietary habits and life style of the students of a private medical university in Karachi.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Baqai Medical University, from August 2005 to September 2005. A total of 384 medical students from the batches of 2002 to 2005 participated in this study.

Patients' satisfaction and opinions of their experiences during admission in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan - a cross sectional study.

Background: It is often felt that developing countries need to improve their quality of healthcare provision. This study hopes to generate data that can help managers and doctors to improve the standard of care they provide in line with the wishes of the patients.

Methods: It was a cross sectional study carried out at a major tertiary care hospital of Karachi.

Relationship of HLA antigens and cryoglobulinaemia in hepatitis C virus infected patients.

Objective: To find the relationship between human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and cryoglobulin positivity in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected individuals.

Methods: Eligible individuals selected from pre and post renal transplant settings were divided into three groups. Group A (n = 301) consisted of normal controls, while group B (n = 200) comprised of pathological controls that were HCV antibody (anti-HCV) positive but negative for cryoglobulins.