Long non-coding RNA STMN1P2 promotes breast cancer doxorubicin resistance by inhibiting pyroptosis through the hnRNPU-EZH2-TARF6-MALT1-caspase-1 pathway.

Chemotherapeutic resistance is a significant issue in the treatment of breast cancer, which is related to pyroptosis inhibition. Increasing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to tumorigenesis and drug resistance. In this study we investigated the role of the lncRNA STMN1P2 in doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer, as well as its correlation with pyroptosis inhibition.

Isotope-dependent Tafel analysis probes proton transfer kinetics during electrocatalytic water splitting.

Proton transfer plays an important role in both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions during electrocatalytic water splitting to produce green hydrogen. However, directly adapting the conventional proton/deuterium kinetic isotope effect to study proton transfer in heterogeneous electrocatalytic processes is challenging. Here we propose using the shift in the Tafel slope between protic and deuteric electrolytes, or the Tafel slope isotope effect, as an effective probe of proton transfer characteristics.

Metabolic and immunomodulatory control of type 2 diabetes via generating cellular itaconate reservoirs by inflammatory-targeting gene-therapy nanovesicles.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by persistent and unresolved tissue inflammation caused by the infiltration and dysregulation of immune cells. Current therapeutics targeting inflammatory immune cells for T2D remain limited. In this study, we analyzed single cell RNA from metabolic organs in T2D, revealing increased macrophage accumulation and a pathogenic macrophage subpopulation defined as NOD-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammatory and metabolically activated macrophages.

Fluorinated Imidazolidinium Cations as a Fluorine-Lean Interface Repairing Agent for Li-Metal Batteries.

Li-metal batteries promise ultrahigh energy density, but their application is limited by Li-dendrite growth. Theoretically, fluorine-containing anions such as bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI) in electrolytes can be reduced to form LiF-rich solid-electrolyte interphases (SEIs) with high Young's modulus and ionic conductivity that can suppress dendrites. However, the anions migrate toward the cathode during the charging process, accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of interfacial anions near the anode surface.

Type 1 regulatory cells suppress T-cell cytotoxicity to alleviate liver injury during acute hepatitis B virus infection in mice.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) exclusively infects hepatocytes and produces large quantities of subviral particles containing its surface antigen (HBsAg). T cells play a central role in controlling HBV infection but can also mediate liver injury and contribute to disease progression. However, the mechanisms that regulate T-cell responses to eliminate the virus without causing immunopathology during acute HBV infection remain poorly defined.

Spirulina subsalsa powder produced from seawater-wastewater: a nutrient-rich and safe alternative for aquaculture feed.

Elevated expense of chemical media spurs a shift to non-chemical media in microalgal cultivation, while ensuring the safety of the resulting powder poses a challenge. No previous studies have evaluated the safety and application of Spirulina subsalsa powder cultivated in monosodium glutamate wastewater (MSGW) and seawater. In this study, an analysis of basic nutritional components in Spirulina subsalsa powder indicated that this algal powder had high protein content, low lipid content and rich mineral content.

Neural basis of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for neuropathic pain relief.

Existing treatments for chronic pain often prove ineffective and carry adverse side effects, highlighting the need for better analgesics, including non-pharmacological treatments. We demonstrate that transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), when repeatedly applied during the early phase of nerve injury in mice, produces sustained analgesic effects by activating the dorsal column nucleus (DCN)-thalamic-cortical pathway, which transmits vibration, discriminative touch, and proprioception. Mechanistically, TENS selectively activates glutamatergic neurons in the DCN (DCN) via exciting Aβ low-threshold mechanoreceptors (Aβ-LTMRs) in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs).

Extremely high toxicity of gaseous intermediate/semi volatile organic compounds emitted from typical incomplete biomass burning in China.

Incomplete biomass burning emits complex mixture of gaseous and particulate organic pollutants, yet their chemical speciation and toxicity have not been fully identified. This study profiled the organic fingerprinting primarily emitted from typical incomplete biomass burning through nontargeted analysis and estimated their toxic potencies. Gaseous organics exhibited 2.

Carbon ion combined photon radiotherapy induces ferroptosis via NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most prevalent and lethal primary malignancy of the central nervous system, remains refractory to conventional photon radiotherapy due to inherent limitations in dose distribution. Although carbon ion radiotherapy offers distinct advantages, including its characteristic Bragg peak deposition and superior relative biological effectiveness, its clinical application is constrained by high costs and increased toxicity. This study explores the radiobiological interactions underlying a mixed carbon ion-photon irradiation regimen, a promising strategy in advanced particle therapy.

Expanded field OCTA Biomarkers Associated with the Development of Tractional Retinal Detachment in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: To investigate associations among expanded field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) biomarkers and the development of tractional retinal detachment (TRD) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: Patients with PDR without TRD at baseline were imaged with SS-OCTA. Quantitative and qualitative OCTA metrics were independently evaluated by two trained graders.

Early-Start vs. Late-Start Icodextrin for Children Receiving Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis: Findings from the International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network.

Background: Experience with icodextrin use in children on long-term peritoneal dialysis is limited. We describe international icodextrin prescription practices and their impact on clinical outcomes: ultrafiltration, blood pressure control, residual kidney function (RKF), technique and patient survival.

Methods: We included patients under 21 years enrolled in the International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network (IPPN) between 2007 and 2024, on automated PD with a daytime dwell.

Development and validation of a non-invasive nomogram for predicting proximal ureteral impacted calculi.

Objective: To develop and validate a prognostic nomogram for predicting the risk of proximal ureteral impacted calculi, supporting personalized clinical management.

Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study employed a continuous cohort of 391 patients with proximal ureteral stones treated between January 2021 and April 2024. Data from Longyan People's Hospital (affiliated with Xiamen Medical College) comprised the training set, while independent external validation was performed using data from The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

FOXO3 Protects Lens Epithelial Cells From UVB-Induced Oxidative Stress via the AMPK/FOXO3 Signaling Pathway.

Age-related cataract (ARC) represents a major global cause of visual impairment, with ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation recognized as a primary contributor to oxidative damage in the lens. FOXO3, a key regulator of aging, apoptosis, and oxidative stress-induced cell death, was investigated for its role and regulatory mechanisms in UVB-induced oxidative stress using human lens epithelial cells (HLECs). A progressive decrease in FOXO3 protein expression was observed in the lens capsules across various stages of cataract progression, as well as in UVB-exposed animal models and UVB-treated HLECs.

Cost-effectiveness and epidemiological impact of gender-neutral vaccination against human papillomavirus in economically developed metropolises of Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, China.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes multiple diseases in both sexes. This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness and epidemiological impact - defined as reductions in HPV-related disease cases - of a gender-neutral vaccination (GNV) strategy in China's economically developed metropolises: Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou. A discrete-time Markov model simulated no vaccination, female-only vaccination (FOV), and GNV strategies among 12-year-olds.

Exosomal Proteome from Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patient-Derived Xenograft Mice Serves as Identity of Liver Cancer.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes approximately 90% of liver cancers, yet its early detection remains challenging due to the low sensitivity of current diagnostic methods and the difficulty in identifying minimal cancer cells within the body. This study employed a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model to screen for biomarkers, leveraging its advantage of low background interference compared to human serum exosome studies. Using a novel microextraction technique, exosomes were isolated from just one microliter of serum from HCC PDX mice, followed by proteomic profiling.

Efficacy of Correcting Different Types of Astigmatism With Small Incision Lenticule Extraction: A Prospective Contralateral Eye Study.

Purpose: To evaluate axis-dependent visual and refractive outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in patients with interocular astigmatic axis discordance.

Methods: Seventy-five patients (150 eyes) with interocular astigmatic axis discordance were included in the study. Based on interocular axis combinations, patients were stratified into three cohorts: with-the-rule (WTR)/against-the-rule (ATR) (n = 19), WTR/oblique astigmatism (OA) (n = 39), and ATR/OA (n = 17).

Preparation, Characterization, and Self-Assembly of P3HT-Based Janus Fibers via a Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly Process.

Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-based complex topological copolymers have attracted a great deal of attention for their unique electrical and optical properties. In this contribution, the P3HT-based Janus fibers with controlled lengths were innovatively prepared by sequential crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) of poly(--butylstyrene)--polyisoprene--poly(3-hexylthiophene) (PBS--PI--P3HT) triblock copolymer, cross-linking of the interlayer PI region, and dissociation of fibers in good solvent. The comprehensive characterizations showed that the PBS/P3HT Janus fibers have nearly half the width of PBS--PI--P3HT fibers and fiber lengths close to or slightly shorter than those of PBS--PI--P3HT fibers, indicating that the Janus fibers with adjustable lengths could be prepared in a large window range.

On Refining Exciton Dissociation and Charge Transport of Nonfullerene Organic Photovoltaics: from Star-Shaped Acceptors to Molecular Doping.

Nonfullerene acceptor-based organic solar cells have recently taken a milestone leap with power conversion efficiencies approaching 20%. A key to further boost the efficiencies up to the Shockley-Queisser limit rests upon attaining a delicate balance between exciton dissociation and charge transport. This perspective presents two seminal and reciprocal strategies developed by our group and others to reconcile the intricacy of charge carrier dynamics, spanning from intrinsic molecular structure design to extrinsic dopant exploitation.

Intensifying D-Orbitals Energy Level Splitting of Local Co Atoms in CoO Lattice for Accelerated Iodine Redox Kinetics.

Modulating the electronic structure of catalysts to maximize their power holds the key to address the challenges faced by zinc-iodine batteries (ZIBs), including the shuttle effect and slow redox kinetics at the iodine cathode. Herein, oxygen vacancies is innovatively introduced into CoO lattice to create high-spin-state Co active sites in nonstoichiometric CoO nanocrystals supported by carbon nanofibers (H-CoO/CNFs). This simple strategy intensifies crystal field splitting of Co 3d orbitals, optimizing the spin-orbital coupling between Co 3d orbitals and iodine species.

Hydrogen Radical Mediated Concerted Electron-Proton Transfer in 1D Sulfone-based Covalent Organic Framework for Boosting Photosynthesis of HO.

Solar-driven photocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction using covalent organic frameworks (COFs) offers a promising approach for sustainable hydrogen peroxide (HO) production. Despite their advantages, the reported COFs-based photocatalysts suffer insufficient photocatalytic HO efficiency due to the mismatched electron-proton dynamics. Herein, we report three one-dimensional (1D) COF photocatalysts for efficient HO production via the hydrogen radical (H•) mediated concerted electron-proton transfer (CEPT) process.

Vitamin D Binding Protein, a Ligand of Integrin beta 1, Motivates Both Tumor Cells and Schwann Cells to Promote Perineural Invasion in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Perineural invasion (PNI) is a common pathological characteristic of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), closely linked to postoperative recurrence, metastasis, and unfavorable prognosis. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms that govern PNI in PDAC remain poorly elucidated. Here, group-specific component protein (GC) is identified as one of the most significantly upregulated genes related to PNI, primarily derived from malignant ductal cells compared to other cell types.

Phase II Dose-Randomized Study of Sunvozertinib in Platinum-Pretreated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Exon 20 Insertion Mutations (WU-KONG1B).

Purpose: WU-KONG1B (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03974022) is a multinational phase II, dose-randomized study to assess the antitumor efficacy of sunvozertinib in pretreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor () exon 20 insertion mutations (exon20ins).

Methods: Eligible patients with advanced-stage exon20ins NSCLC were randomly assigned by 1:1 ratio to receive sunvozertinib 200 mg or 300 mg once daily (200 and 300 mg-rand cohorts).

Developing and validating a bi-polar gated respiratory motion management strategy for improved lung stereotactic body radiotherapy treatment.

Background: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an effective treatment for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. However, patient breathing can affect treatment accuracy. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a bi-polar (BP) gated motion management strategy for SBRT and evaluate its feasibility geometrically and dosimetrically.