Influence of different stimulants on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain in relation to the germination and early growth.

Due to the growing environmental and health concerns with chemical plant stimulants, there is a growing need to find alternative sources of plant stimulants that could help the seeds germinate and sustain their growth in the global climate change scenario. The article compares various seed stimulants such as chemical compounds (benzothiadiazole, salicylic acid, glycine betaine), alcoholic extracts from commercial plant products (English oak bark, ginger spices, turmeric spices, caraway fruits) and from wild plant leaves (Japanese pagoda tree, Himalayan balsam, stinging nettle and Bohemian knotweed) and their effects on wheat seed germination and seedling characteristics. It was found that BTH had significantly lower effect on seedling characteristics such as SG3 (%), SG5 (%), R/S III, SVI I (mm) and SVI III (mg) followed by ZO on SG3 (%), SG5 (%) and GI (unit).

Ribosomal protein L22 and ribosomal protein L32 respond to Bacillus velezensis 1 stress through interactions.

Fusarium crown rot (FCR) poses a threat to wheat yield and food safety because of the production of mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON), which has attracted significant attention in the fields of food science and agriculture. This study found that Bacillus velezensis 1 (BV1) exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth of Fusarium pseudograminearum, with an inhibition rate of 66.67 %.

Hybrid epigenome unveils parental genetic divergence shaping salt-tolerant heterosis in Brassica napus.

Heterosis holds great potential for improving yield, quality, and environmental adaptability in crop breeding, which suggests that hybrids can exhibit better performance in adapting to extreme environments. However, the epigenetic mechanisms of salt-tolerant heterosis in allopolyploid crop Brassica napus (AACC, 2n = 38), particularly chromatin accessibility, remain largely unexplored. We investigated the dynamics of chromatin accessibility and transcriptional reprogramming during a time course of salt exposure in Brassica napus hybridization.

Nitrogen enhances post-drought recovery in wheat by modulating TaSnRK2.10-mediated regulation of TaNLP7.

Drought stress affects plant growth and agricultural production, especially in the context of global climate change. Post-drought rehydration is crucial for plant recovery and sustained growth, yet the mechanisms underlying this process remain poorly understood. Nitrogen fertilizer plays a role in optimizing plant growth and enhancing stress resistance, but its role in post-drought recovery has not been fully elucidated.

Systematic analysis of the Aux/IAA gene family in pineapple reveals insights into their structural diversity, expression dynamics, and interaction networks.

Background: The Aux/IAA protein is integral to the modulation of auxin signaling, which is essential for plant growth and development. However, systematic analysis on the Aux/IAA gene family in pineapple ( L.) remains unexplored.

Transcription Factor GmERFA Interacts With GmNFYA and Acts as a Negative Regulator of Seed Fatty Acid Accumulation in Soybean.

Soybean is one of the most important oilseed crops, and its seed oil content directly determines the economic value and industrial applicability worldwide. However, how soybean seed oil accumulation is regulated remains less understood. Here, through RNA-seq analysis and screening for the interacting proteins of a positive oil regulator GmNFYA, we identified an AP2/ERF-type transcription factor GmERFA, which acts as a negative regulator of oil accumulation.

Strategies for enhancing yield and quality of forage-grain dual-purpose ratoon rice: role of first-season density and nitrogen management.

The "forage-grain dual-purpose" model helps ease land-use competition and supports high-yield, high-quality rice production. However, integrated strategies to simultaneously improve silage rice and ratoon rice yield and quality across both seasons require further systematic study. A two-year field study (2022-2023) was conducted using two widely cultivated indica hybrid rice cultivars, F You 498 (FY498) and Chuankangyou Simiao (CKYSM), in Southwest China.

Identification of a dominant stripe rust resistance gene YrXY on chromosome 6R in hexaploid triticale.

Breeding resistant cultivars is the most effective strategy to control stripe rust in cereal crops. The hexaploid triticale line Xinyi is highly resistant to stripe rust at the seedling and adult plant stages. A segregating F population derived from a cross between Xinyi and the susceptible hexaploid triticale cultivar Zhongsi1048 was assessed to understand the genetic architecture of stripe rust resistance.

Genome-Wide Linkage Mapping of QTL for Adult-Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust in a Chinese Wheat Population Lantian 25 × Huixianhong.

Stripe rust, caused by f. sp. (Pst), represents a major global threat to wheat (.

Genome-Wide Association Study and Candidate Gene Identification for Girth Traits in Rubber Tree.

As a key tropical economic tree species, the girth of the rubber tree () not only reflects its growth rate and timber yield but also determines tapping schedules and non-productive periods. This trait critically influences both the species' economic value and latex production potential. Despite recent advances in genetic analyses of girth driven by genomic technologies, the number of identified key genes remains insufficient to support molecular breeding programs.

Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis Provides Insights into the Low-Temperature Response in Sweet Potato ( L.).

Background/objectives: Sweet potato is a tropical and subtropical crop and its growth and yield are susceptible to low-temperature stress. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the low temperature stress of sweetpotato are unknown.

Methods: In this work, combined transcriptome and metabolism analysis was employed to investigate the low-temperature responses of two sweet potato cultivars, namely, the low-temperature-resistant cultivar "X33" and the low-temperature-sensitive cultivar "W7".

The evolution, variation, and expression patterns under development and stress responses of the NAC gene family in the barley pan-genome.

The NAC transcription factor family is pivotal in regulating plant development and stress responses, yet its diversity and evolutionary dynamics in barley () remain underexplored. In this study, we performed a comprehensive pan-genome analysis to identify and characterize the across 20 barley accessions. A ranging from 127 to 149 were identified in each genome, in which the Morex genome harbored the highest count.

Genome-wide characterization and adaptive evolution of favorable gibberellin 2-oxidase alleles contributing to wheat agronomic traits.

Introduction: Gibberellins are essential phytohormones that regulate plant growth and development. Gibberellin 2-oxidases (GA2oxs) deactivate bioactive gibberellin isoforms and many GA2ox genes have been validated as key regulators of agronomic traits in model plants and crops. However, there are few studies on GA2ox genes in wheat, one of the most important staple crops.

Osmotic stress-induced CsRCI2E endosomal trafficking modulates CsPIP2 aquaporins at the plasma membrane in Camelina sativa.

Rare Cold Inducible 2s (RCI2s) are membrane-associated proteolipids dynamically trafficking between the plasma membrane (PM) and the endomembrane system. Their expression is upregulated in response to abiotic stresses, including cold, heat, drought, and salinity, contributing to plant stress tolerance. CsRCI2E interacts with the water transport protein CsPIP2; 1, reducing its abundance at the PM under NaCl-induced stress.

Molecular characterization of a new wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum translocation line with resistance to stripe rust.

Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) is a globally devastating foliar disease affecting common wheat.

Unveiling the Hidden Feast: A Model to Translate Molecular Detection Into Predation Rate-Application Example on Biological Control by Generalist Predators in Agricultural Fields.

Few processes are as decisive as predation in shaping the structure and dynamics of ecological communities. For most predator species, however, the number of prey items killed by a predator in a day (predation rate) remains impossible to assess because direct observations are scarce or impossible to acquire. For such species, molecular gut content analyses are routinely used to test for the presence of a prey in the predator's gut.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the physiological and molecular response to cold stress in different spring wheat cultivars at the booting stage.

Introduction: Cold stress at the booting stage can seriously affect wheat growth, development and yield.

Methods: Therefore, this study employed integrated physiological, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic approaches to examine the response of two wheat cultivars, Chuanmai 104 (CM104, cold-tolerant) and Chuanmai 42 (CM42, cold-sensitive), to cold stress at the booting stage.

Results: The viability of pollen in CM104 was less affected by low-temperature stress compared to CM42, ensuring a higher seed-setting rate in CM104.

Genome-wide identification and comprehensive characterization of the ADF gene family in L. subsp. with insights into structure, evolution and cold stress response.

Actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs) play crucial roles in cytoskeletal dynamics and stress adaptation in plants. In this study, we identified nine ADF genes ( to ) in L. subsp.

The basic leucine zipper transcription factor TabZIP156 interacts with jasmonate ZIM-domain protein TaJAZ3-2A to regulate drought response in wheat.

Drought represents a major abiotic factor that restricts crop yields worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated that the wheat bZIP transcription factor TabZIP156 plays a vital role in enhancing drought tolerance. However, the drought tolerance mechanism of TabZIP156 in wheat remains unclear.

The miR172a-ERF416/413 module regulates soybean seed traits.

Soybean (Glycine max) provides vegetable oils and proteins for human consumption. Its production depends on seeds and other production-related agronomic traits. How the seed traits are regulated in soybean remains largely unclear.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the () Gene Family in Sweet Potato and Its Two Diploid Relatives.

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (; EC 4.1.2.

Comparative Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Uncover the Molecular Basis of Leaf Rust Resistance in Contrasting Germplasms.

(Trin.) Tzvel., a vital native forage grass in northern China for ecological restoration and livestock production, faces severe yield losses and grassland degradation due to rust ( spp.

Establishment of -Mediated Transient Transformation System in Sunflower.

Sunflower ( L.) is an important oilseed crop in Northwest China, exhibiting resistance to salt and drought. Mining its excellent tolerance genes can be used for breeding.

Drought-induced transposon expression reveals complex drought response mechanisms in .

Transposable elements (TEs) are abundant components of plant genomes, yet their transcriptional activity and potential biological roles remain underexplored, especially under environmental stress conditions. This study investigates the transcriptional dynamics of TEs in during drought stress in seed development, aiming to uncover their contributions to stress responses and seed germination. RNA-seq data were analyzed for TE transcriptional activity in wild-type (WT) and CRISPR-edited mutant lines of .