Temozolomide-Derived Therapeutic Strategies to Overcome Resistance in Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) accounts for nearly half of malignant CNS tumors and has a dismal 5-year survival rate of 5.5%. The current standard of care comprises maximal surgical resection, followed by radiotherapy with concurrent temozolomide (TMZ) and subsequent adjuvant TMZ chemotherapy.

Soil restoration in rare earth tailings: Synergistic effects of coal gangue-based silicon fertilizers.

The growing demand for rare earth elements has intensified environmental concerns in mining areas, particularly with respect to soil contamination by heavy metals and nutrient imbalances. This study investigated the potential of coal gangue-based silicon fertilizers (CG-SF) for the remediation of ion-type rare earth tailings soil (RETS). CG-SF was applied at various concentrations in controlled pot experiments, with ryegrass cultivation used as a bioindicator of soil health.

Genome-Wide Association Study and Candidate Gene Identification for Girth Traits in Rubber Tree.

As a key tropical economic tree species, the girth of the rubber tree () not only reflects its growth rate and timber yield but also determines tapping schedules and non-productive periods. This trait critically influences both the species' economic value and latex production potential. Despite recent advances in genetic analyses of girth driven by genomic technologies, the number of identified key genes remains insufficient to support molecular breeding programs.

Examining the impact of sex-biased information on health behaviors: a study of HPV vaccination among male college students based on the extended theory of planned behavior.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an exceptionally transmissible virus with a widespread presence that represents a considerable public health concern. Notably, the existing information landscape regarding HPV vaccination tends to favor female perspectives, which may inadvertently neglect the risks associated with HPV infection in men-particularly among male college students, who constitute a vulnerable demographic. To address this gap, effective health communication strategies are essential to encourage vaccination behaviors.

Scorpion venom peptides enhance immunity and survival in through antibacterial action against .

Introduction: Scorpion venom-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as promising candidates for combating bacterial infections owing to their potent activity and unique mechanisms of action. This study focuses on three 13-amino-acid peptides-BmKn1, BmKn2, and BmKn2-7-derived from the venom of . The aim is to elucidate their structural features, antibacterial efficacy, and immunomodulatory effects in infected with (VP).

Examining the impact of social media on youth vaping behavior in China: an analysis of the mediating role of perceptions of policy enforcement.

Introduction: Research has established that exposure to media and the perceived enforcement of policies can influence outcomes related to (un)healthy behaviors. However, little is known about the underlying processes that may mediate the relationship. The Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) model serves as an important framework for examining health cognition and behavior change.

Investigating shared risk variants and genetic etiology between Alzheimer's disease and three stress-related psychiatric disorders: a large-scale genome-wide cross-trait analysis.

Introduction: Observational studies have reported that patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have a greater burden of comorbidities typically associated with stress-related psychiatric disorders. However, the contribution of hereditary factors to this comorbidity remains unclear. We evaluated phenotypic associations using observational data from the UK Biobank.

Leaching law of heavy metals in coal gangue: A combination of experimental optimization and simulation.

Coal gangue, a solid waste generated during coal mining and washing processes, has caused significant environmental burdens in China. This study aims to optimize and investigate the leaching mechanisms of heavy metals, such as Pb, Zn, and Cu, in coal gangue. The effectiveness of different eluents in removing heavy metals from coal gangue was evaluated by combining experimental methods with software simulations.

The Radiosurgery Society Working Groups on GRID, LATTICE, Microbeam, and FLASH Radiotherapies: Advancements Symposium and Subsequent Progress Made.

Purpose: Since the inaugural workshop "Understanding High-Dose, Ultra-High Dose Rate and Spatially Fractionated Radiotherapy." hosted by the National Cancer Institute and sponsored by the Radiosurgery Society (RSS), growing collaborations and investigations have ensued among experts, practitioners, and researchers. The RSS GRID, LATTICE, Microbeam and FLASH (GLMF) Working Groups were formed as a framework for these efforts and have focused on advancing the understanding of the biology, technical/physical parameters, trial design, and clinical practice of these new radiation therapy modalities.

Comparison of clinical outcomes between ticagrelor and clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome and left ventricle dysfunction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: An observational study.

Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) need adequate antithrombotic protection. We aim to compare the clinical outcomes between ticagrelor and clopidogrel in these patients. In total, 336 patients with ACS and LV dysfunction who undergoing PCI were included in this retrospective observational study.

Enhancing the color and astringency of red wines through white grape seeds addition: Repurposing wine production byproducts.

The clear juice fermentation technique for white wines suggests that white grape seeds, rich in flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins, are not effectively utilized in the winemaking process. This study incorporated 'Gewürztraminer' grape seeds into 'Cabernet Sauvignon' must before cold soak to investigate how the resultant red wines' phenolic compound profiles, color, and astringency were affected. The results showed that adding seeds primarily inhibited the leaching of flavan-3-ols from both skins and seeds.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 2,4-Diaminopyrimidine Derivatives as Potent CDK7 Inhibitors.

Developing selective CDK7 inhibitors has emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment owing to the critical role of CDK7 in cancer progression. Starting from BTX-A51, a CK1α inhibitor that also targets CDK7 and CDK9, we designed and synthesized a series of 2,4-diaminopyrimidine derivatives as potent CDK7 inhibitors. The representative compound, , displayed significant enzymatic inhibitory activity and demonstrated a remarkable selectivity profile against a panel of kinases, including seven CDK subtypes.

Genome-wide association study of the loci and candidate genes associated with agronomic traits in Amomum villosum Lour.

Amomum villosum Lour. (A. villosum) is a valuable herbaceous plant that produces the famous traditional Chinese medicine Amori Fructus.

Evolution of Aroma Profiles in L. Marselan and Merlot from Grapes to Wines and Difference between Varieties.

The fermentation process has a significant impact on the aromatic profile of wines, particularly in relation to the difference in fermentation matrix caused by grape varieties. This study investigates the leaching and evolution patterns of aroma compounds in L. Marselan and Merlot during an industrial-scale vinification process, including the stages of cold soak, alcohol fermentation, malolactic fermentation, and one-year bottle storage.

Factors influencing early recurrence of atrial fibrillation among elderly patients following radiofrequency catheter ablation and the impact of different antiarrhythmic regimens.

Background: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who undergo radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) necessitate the administration of antiarrhythmic drugs to prevent early recurrence. The clinical outcomes among these patients may be influenced by varying antiarrhythmic regimens.

Objectives: To identify the risk factors associated with early recurrence and compare the clinical outcomes among different antiarrhythmic regimens in elderly patients with AF following radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) during a 3-month period.

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and periodontal disease: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous observational studies have shown a bidirectional association between immune-mediated inflammatory disorders (IMID) and periodontal disease. However, evidence regarding the causal role of IMID and periodontal disease is still lacking. Therefore, we conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to uncover the potential genetic causal effects between IMID and periodontal disease.

Genetic diversity analysis and core germplasm bank construction in cold resistant germplasm of rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis).

The rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.

Optimizing GRID and Lattice Spatially Fractionated Radiation Therapy: Innovative Strategies for Radioresistant and Bulky Tumor Management.

Treating radioresistant and bulky tumors is challenging due to their inherent resistance to standard therapies and their large size. GRID and lattice spatially fractionated radiation therapy (simply referred to GRID RT and LRT) offer promising techniques to tackle these issues. Both approaches deliver radiation in a grid-like or lattice pattern, creating high-dose peaks surrounded by low-dose valleys.

Which Modality of SFRT Should be Considered First for Bulky Tumor Radiation Therapy, GRID or LATTICE?

Spatially fractionated radiation therapy (SFRT), also known as the GRID and LATTICE radiotherapy (GRT, LRT), the concept of treating tumors by delivering a spatially modulated dose with highly non-uniform dose distributions, is a treatment modality of growing interest in radiation oncology, physics, and radiation biology. Clinical experience in SFRT has suggested that GRID and LATTICE therapy can achieve a high response and low toxicity in the treatment of refractory and bulky tumors. Limited initially to GRID therapy using block collimators, advanced, and versatile multi-leaf collimators, volumetric modulated arc technologies and particle therapy have since increased the capabilities and individualization of SFRT and expanded the clinical investigation of SFRT to various dosing regimens, multiple malignancies, tumor types and sites.

Development of a tobramycin-loaded calcium alginate microsphere/chitosan composite sponge with antibacterial effects as a wound dressing.

Traditional dressings exhibit several disadvantages, as they frequently lead to bacterial infections, cause severe tissue adhesion and perform a relatively single function. Therefore, in this study, a composite sponge dressing with antibacterial properties and excellent physicochemical properties was developed. Six groups of tobramycin-loaded calcium alginate microspheres were prepared by changing the amount of tobramycin added, and the optimal group was selected.

Obtaining Lower Query Complexities Through Lightweight Zeroth-Order Proximal Gradient Algorithms.

Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization is one key technique for machine learning problems where gradient calculation is expensive or impossible. Several variance, reduced ZO proximal algorithms have been proposed to speed up ZO optimization for nonsmooth problems, and all of them opted for the coordinated ZO estimator against the random ZO estimator when approximating the true gradient, since the former is more accurate. While the random ZO estimator introduces a larger error and makes convergence analysis more challenging compared to coordinated ZO estimator, it requires only O(1) computation, which is significantly less than O(d) computation of the coordinated ZO estimator, with d being dimension of the problem space.

Practice Patterns of Spatially Fractionated Radiation Therapy: A Clinical Practice Survey.

Purpose: Spatially fractionated radiation therapy (SFRT) is increasingly used for bulky advanced tumors, but specifics of clinical SFRT practice remain elusive. This study aimed to determine practice patterns of GRID and Lattice radiation therapy (LRT)-based SFRT.

Methods And Materials: A survey was designed to identify radiation oncologists' practice patterns of patient selection for SFRT, dosing/planning, dosimetric parameter use, SFRT platforms/techniques, combinations of SFRT with conventional external beam radiation therapy (cERT) and multimodality therapies, and physicists' technical implementation, delivery, and quality procedures.