Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae infection inhibits scavenger receptor A-mediated phagocytosis of Pasteurella multocida in alveolar macrophages.

Background: A secondary Pasteurella multocida (Pm) infection following Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (Mo) challenge in sheep results in severe respiratory disease. Scavenger receptor A (SRA) is a key phagocytic receptor on macrophages, which facilitates microbial clearance. However, the role of sheep SRA in Mo-associated secondary Pm infection is less understood.

Efficacy of levocarnitine combined with tadalafil in treating oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia: effects on serum sex hormones and sexual function.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combining levocarnitine with tadalafil in treating oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia and to analyze its effects on serum sex hormone levels and sexual function.

Methods: A total of 80 patients diagnosed with oligozoospermia or asthenozoospermia at our hospital between March 2023 and February 2024 were randomly divided into two groups, A and B, with 40 patients each. Group A received levocarnitine combined with tadalafil, while Group B was administered levocarnitine alone.

EphA3/EFNA3 Reverse Signalling Promotes Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via ERK Pathway to Facilitate Colorectal Cancer Metastasis.

Background And Aims: Liver metastasis significantly contributes to poor survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), posing therapeutic challenges due to limited understanding of its mechanisms. We aimed to identify a potential target critical for CRC liver metastasis.

Methods: We analyzed the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases and identified EphrinA3 (EFNA3) as a potential clinically relevant target.

Mitochondrial DNA analyses of the golden snapper, Lutjanus johnii (Bloch, 1792), revealed two distinct population stocks in the South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca.

Population genetics plays a critical role in creating policies for managing fisheries, conservation, and development of aquaculture. The golden snapper, Lutjanus johnii (Bloch, 1792), is a highly commercial and aquaculture important snapper species. This study used mitochondrial markers D-loop (151 specimens) and Cytochrome b (Cyt-b, 120 specimens) from 10 populations, including populations from the east South China Sea, the west South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca to investigate the genetic diversity, population connectivity, and historical demography of L.

Association of MSH2, MSH6, and MLH1 polymorphisms with susceptibility and survival in lung cancer patients.

Background: Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Genetic variants in mismatch repair (MMR) genes, such as MutS homolog 2 (MSH2), MutS homolog 6 (MSH6) and MutL homolog 1 (MLH1), may influence individual susceptibility and clinical outcomes in LC.

Objective: This study investigated the associations of genetic polymorphisms in MSH2, MSH6, and MLH1 with susceptibility and survival outcomes in lung cancer patients in the Guangxi Zhuang population.

The composition, influencing factors, and physiological functions of bifidobacteria in the infant gut: a review.

Bifidobacteria are naturally found in the human gut and quickly establish dominance shortly after birth, playing a crucial role in the development and stability of the infant gut microbiota. A growing body of research suggests that host and environmental factors shape the colonization and the relative abundance of bifidobacteria in the infant gut during early life. Understanding the factors that influence bifidobacterial colonization and maintaining normal colonization levels are keys to ensuring gut health.

Measuring Street Built Environments for Children's Use: A Systematic Review of Measurement Tools.

Street-level environments play a vital role in children's development by promoting their physical activity, cognitive growth, and overall development. This study systematically reviews the measurement tools available to assess street environments according to children's needs. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA-COSMIN guidelines.

Associated Factors of Cognitive Frailty in People Living with HIV Aged 50 and Older: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Cognitive frailty (CF), which typically precedes dementia and functional decline, serves as a more robust predictor of adverse health outcomes compared to physical frailty alone, representing a critical challenge in promoting healthy aging among older people living with HIV (PLWH) aged ≥ 50 years. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive frailty and identify its associated factors among PLWH aged ≥ 50 years.

Methods: A convenience sample of 344 PLWH ≥ 50 years was recruited from a tertiary Grade A hospital in Zunyi, China.

NSUN6 Promotes Gastric Cancer Progression by Stabilizing CEBPZ mRNA in a mC-Dependent Manner.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor originating from the epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa. The 5-methylcytosine (mC) modification refers to the addition of a methyl group to the fifth carbon atom of cytosine in RNA molecules. This study aimed to investigate the role of NOL1/NOP2/SUN domain (NSUN)6 in GC and its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Transformations in plasma metabolic profiles of patients with major depression disorder during treatment.

Major depression disorder (MDD) is a mental condition that significantly threatens both physical and psychological health. This study aimed to discern variances in plasma metabolic profiles between MDD sufferers and healthy counterparts. Additionally, we tracked the hospitalization journey of MDD patients to investigate the normalization of metabolic irregularities through conventional treatment in the form of self-control.

Cerebellar Stimulation Modulates Reward Processing: A High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Study.

Reward processing involves several components, including reward anticipation, cost-effort computation, reward consumption, reward sensitivity, and reward learning. Recent research has highlighted the cerebellum's role in reward processing. This study aimed to investigate the effects of cerebellar stimulation on reward processing using high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS).

Novel Prognostic Scoring Systems for Severe CRS after Anti-CD19 CAR-T-Cells in Acute B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Objective: To develop a novel prognostic scoring system for severe cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) treated with anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy, aiming to optimize risk mitigation strategies and improve clinical management.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 125 B-ALL patients who received anti-CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy from January 2017 to October 2023. These cases were selected from a cohort of over 500 treated patients on the basis of the availability of comprehensive baseline data, documented CRS grading, and at least 3 months of follow-up.

Design and synthesis of novel indolinone Aurora B kinase inhibitors based on fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD).

Aurora kinases are a group of serine/threonine kinases essential for cell mitosis, comprising Aurora A, B, and C. However, the Aurora B is overexpressed in multiple tumors and the aurone has been proved to exhibit potent inhibitory activity against Aurora B kinase by our group. The indolinone was considered as an aurone scaffold hopping analog, and the indolinone-based Aurora B inhibitor library (3577 molecules) was constructed by FBDD strategy.

Oral bioavailability property prediction based on task similarity transfer learning.

Drug absorption significantly influences pharmacokinetics. Accurately predicting human oral bioavailability (HOB) is essential for optimizing drug candidates and improving clinical success rates. The traditional method based on experiment is a common way to obtain HOB, but the experimental method is time-consuming and costly.

Global challenges in diabetes research and care: which way forward? An appraisal from the EASD Global Council.

This review article, developed by the EASD Global Council, addresses the growing global challenges in diabetes research and care, highlighting the rising prevalence of diabetes, the increasing complexity of its management and the need for a coordinated international response. With regard to research, disparities in funding and infrastructure between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are discussed. The under-representation of LMIC populations in clinical trials, challenges in conducting large-scale research projects, and the ethical and legal complexities of artificial intelligence integration are also considered as specific issues.

Decoding binocular color differences via EEG signals: linking ERP dynamics to chromatic disparity in CIELAB space.

This study explores how differences in colors presented separately to each eye (binocular color differences) can be identified through EEG signals, a method of recording electrical activity from the brain. Four distinct levels of green-red color differences, defined in the CIELAB color space with constant luminance and chroma, are investigated in this study. Analysis of Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) revealed a significant decrease in the amplitude of the P300 component as binocular color differences increased, suggesting a measurable brain response to these differences.

An international prognostic index to predict the early chemoimmunotherapy failure of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

 Approximately 30-40% of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients will develop relapse/refractory disease, who may benefit from novel therapies, such as CAR-T cell therapy. Thus, accurate identification of individuals at high risk of early chemoimmunotherapy failure (ECF) is crucial. Methods.

Expanding the frontier of CAR therapy: comparative insights into CAR-T, CAR-NK, CAR-M, and CAR-DC approaches.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapies have demonstrated remarkable clinical efficacy in hematological malignancies, validating their therapeutic potential. However, challenges such as therapeutic resistance and limited accessibility hinder their broader application. To overcome these limitations, alternative CAR-based cell therapies, including CAR-Natural Killer (CAR-NK), CAR-macrophage (CAR-M), and CAR-dendritic cell (CAR-DC) therapies, have been proposed.

The timing of cryptorchidism surgery: analysis of the contradiction between guideline consensus and clinical practice implementation.

Cryptorchidism is one of the most common reproductive malformations in children, and the timing of surgery significantly impacts fertility and the risk of testicular cancer. Although international guidelines currently recommend testicular fixation within 6-18 months to improve prognosis, many children worldwide undergo surgery later than the recommended age. Delays in surgery are particularly significant in developing countries.

Plasma membrane maize Gγ protein MGG4 positively regulates seed size mainly through influencing kernel width.

Plasma membrane Gγ protein MGG4, the candidate for maize yield QTL, positively regulates seed size mainly through affecting kernel width.

IL12-based phototherapeutic nanoparticles through remodeling tumor-associated macrophages combined with immunogenic tumor cell death for synergistic cancer immunotherapy.

Various cancer therapeutic strategies have been designed for targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), but TAM reprogramming-based monotherapy is often clinically hindered, likely due to the lack of a coordinated platform to initiate T cell-mediated immunity. Herein, we fabricated reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive human serum albumin (HSA)-based nanoparticles (PEG/IL12-IA NPs) consisting of indocyanine green (ICG), arginine (Arg), and interleukin 12 (IL12). Upon laser irradiation, the nanoparticles were found to be able to dissociate, thus facilitating the release of IL12.

The effect of CD40 agonist antibody therapy on the pancreatic cancer microenvironment.

The fourth leading cause of cancer-related fatalities in the USA is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a particularly deadly illness that is resistant to immunotherapy. One of the Main Obstacles in cancer research is developing better treatments for PDAC, which has the lowest 5-year survival rate of any malignancy. Anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-L1, and anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade medications also have poor results in these patients, which may indicate the presence of other immunosuppressive mechanisms in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment (TME).

Energy-synchronized X-ray absorption spectroscopy photoemission electron microscopy at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) for materials science.

This study develops an integrated X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) platform on beamline BL09U at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), enabling nanoscale characterization of complex materials through energy-resolved imaging and local-area XAS. By using the wide range of energy tunability, full access to different polarizations and PEEM's surface sensitivity, we have established a gap-monochromator control system under the EPICS framework to synchronize the elliptically polarized undulator (EPU) gap and monochromator energy dynamically, optimizing photon flux stability for absorption fine structure analysis. Combining X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and X-ray magnetic linear dichroism (XMLD) with PEEM and local-area XAS, this platform achieves concurrent mapping of electronic structures and magnetic domains in ferromagnetic nano-patterns, as demonstrated through our studies of NiFe Permalloy using this system.