A Peak Current Mode Boost DC-DC Converter with Hybrid Spread Spectrum.

The stable operation of micromachine systems relies on reliable power management, where DC-DC converters provide energy with high efficiency to extend operational endurance. However, these converters also constitute significant electromagnetic interference (EMI) sources that may interfere with the normal functioning of micro-electromechanical systems. This paper proposes a boost converter utilizing Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) with peak current mode control to address the EMI issues inherent in the switching operation of DC-DC converters.

Use of virtual simulation-based training platform on thyroid ultrasonography in medical students: a randomized controlled trial.

Rationale And Objectives: To compare the VR simulation to the traditional teaching method on thyroid ultrasound training for medical students.

Materials And Methods: A total of 106 medical students who had finished basic medical courses were recruited and randomly assigned to the VR group and control group. All participants received 2 theoretical lessons, followed by a practical class.

FAR1 as a ferroptosis-related biomarker and potential therapeutic target in acute kidney injury: integrated bioinformatics and experimental validation.

Background: Emerging evidence underscores the critical involvement of ferroptosis in the pathophysiology of AKI. However, the role of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in AKI remains insufficiently explored. This study sought to identify potential FRGs associated with AKI through bioinformatics approaches and experimental validation.

Leucyl-tRNA synthetase promotes malignant progression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by regulating glycolysis via the LRPPRC/HIF-1α/HK2 axis.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a malignant tumor and research on its therapeutic targets has received increasing attention. It has been reported that Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LARS) contributes to the growth and migration of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), yet its effect on DLBCL progression remains to be elucidated. MTT and flow cytometry were carried out to determine the cellular phenotypes of DLBCL cells under LARS overexpression.

Germline mutations in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (LA-HLH) and patient outcomes.

Lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/syndrome (LA-HLH/LAHS) represents the most prevalent form of malignancy-associated HLH and is associated with an exceptionally poor prognosis. Emerging evidence implicates germline mutations as potential contributors to hematologic abnormalities, suggesting a genetic predisposition in affected individuals. We conducted whole-exome sequencing (WES) on a cohort of 12 LA-HLH patients, with detailed analysis of 3 representative cases exhibiting coexisting genetic disorders.

Identification of potential shared core biomarkers in type 2 diabetes and sarcopenia.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and sarcopenia (SA) commonly co-occur in clinical settings. This study aims to identify overlapping biomarkers for T2D and SA, thereby advancing the understanding of shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Gene expression data from the NCBI GEO database were analyzed to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in T2D and SA using the limma package.

The research of dapagliflozin on cognitive function in middle-aged and older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and mild cognitive impairment: a 36-week prospective parallel control study.

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors have demonstrated potential for improving cognitive function in preclinical studies; however, robust clinical evidence supporting this effect in humans remains limited. We conducted a prospective trial to assess the effect of dapagliflozin on cognitive function in middle-aged and older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Ninety participants were randomly assigned to either the dapagliflozin or control group for 36 weeks.

Crown-position recognition-driven selective adsorption: Efficient capture of strontium and cesium ions by dual crown ether-modified chitosan.

A novel chitosan (CTS) - based composite material, CTS/B18C6/B21C7, has been developed through the Schiff base reaction, incorporating two distinct crown ether ligands - aldehyde-benzo-18-crown-6 (B18C6) and aldehyde-benzo-21-crown-7 (B21C7). This design enables efficient and selective adsorption of cesium and strontium. The material features two recognition sites of exclusive affinity, enhancing selective adsorption through the matching cavity sizes of the crown ethers with Sr and Cs.

Predictive Factors of Rotator Cuff Retear After Arthroscopic Repair Based on Preoperative Shoulder Ultrasonography.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify independent predictors of rotator cuff retear and to develop a predictive model using preoperative ultrasonography data.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 215 patients (219 shoulders) who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) for supraspinatus tendon tears was conducted. Retears were defined using the Sugaya classification confirmed by MRI.

ROS-Responsive Biomimetic Nanocomplexes of Liposomes and Macrophage-Derived Exosomes for Combination Breast Cancer Therapy.

Purpose: Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in women globally and it poses a major threat to women's lives and health. As an essential therapeutic approach for breast cancer, chemotherapy encounters various clinical challenges like multidrug resistance and systemic toxicity. Nanotechnology has shown progress in addressing chemotherapy drug limitations.

The burden of ambient air pollution on years of life lost from ischaemic heart disease in Pudong new area, Shanghai.

Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) remains a major public health threat globally. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term burden of air pollution exposure on years of life lost (YLLs) from IHD in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. Data on air pollutants, meteorological factors, and daily IHD deaths were collected from 2013 to 2021.

In-situ galvanic replacement reaction assisted preparation of porous Cu-Au composites as highly sensitive SERS substrates.

Background: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates have undergone extensive development over the years, yet the challenge of significantly enhancing their sensitivity persists. Most existing substrates face considerable difficulties in obtaining the strongest electromagnetic coupling to maximize SERS signal intensity, i.e.

High-resolution fundus images for ophthalmomics and early cardiovascular disease prediction.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the foremost cause of mortality globally, emphasizing the imperative for early detection to improve patient outcomes and mitigate healthcare burdens. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) serves as a well-established predictive marker for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk assessment. Fundus imaging offers a non-invasive modality to investigate microvascular pathology and systemic vascular health.

Harnessing the Potential of Exosomes in Therapeutic Interventions for Brain Disorders.

Exosomes, which are nano-sized natural vesicles secreted by cells, are crucial for intercellular communication and interactions, playing a significant role in various physiological and pathological processes. Their characteristics, such as low toxicity and immunogenicity, high biocompatibility, and remarkable drug delivery capabilities-particularly their capacity to traverse the blood-brain barrier-make exosomes highly promising vehicles for drug administration in the treatment of brain disorders. This review provides a comprehensive overview of exosome biogenesis and isolation techniques, strategies for the drug loading and functionalization of exosomes, and exosome-mediated blood-brain barrier penetration mechanisms, with a particular emphasis on recent advances in exosome-based drug delivery for brain disorders.

Dapagliflozin attenuates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by inhibiting lipid accumulation, inflammation and liver fibrosis.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as a globally prevalent liver disease, closely linked to the rising incidence of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Dapagliflozin (DaPa), a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, is primarily prescribed for diabetes management. It has shown potential efficacy in managing MASLD in clinical settings.

Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec Versus Once-Daily Insulin Degludec in Insulin-Naive Chinese Participants with Type 2 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of ONWARDS 3.

Introduction: This post hoc analysis evaluated subgroup data from China (Chinese mainland, n = 100; Taiwan, n = 45) in ONWARDS 3, a 26-week, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, treat-to-target, phase 3a trial comparing the efficacy and safety of once-weekly insulin icodec (icodec) versus once-daily insulin degludec (degludec) in insulin-naive participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Adults were randomized 1:1 to icodec and once-daily placebo (icodec; n = 72) or degludec and once-weekly placebo (degludec; n = 73). The primary endpoint was change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA) (baseline to week 26).

A comprehensive review on selenium and blood pressure: Recent advances and research perspectives.

Background: Globally, approximately 31.1 % of adults are affected by hypertension(HTN), and there is currently no effective treatment for this condition. Selenium (Se), an essential trace element in the human body, has been shown to play a role in various biological processes, including anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, anti-ferroptosis, and regulation of immune response.

Associations of the triglyceride-glucose index and remnant cholesterol levels with the prevalence of Carotid Plaque in patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective study.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been identified as an alternative biomarker for insulin resistance (IR), while residual cholesterol (RC) is a simple, cost-effective, and easily detectable lipid metabolite. However, the associations of these two markers with carotid plaque presence remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to explore their associations with carotid plaque presence.

Effect of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists dulaglutide on kidney outcomes in db/db mice.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, represents a significant clinical challenge. This study investigated the reno-protective effects of dulaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) widely used in the management of diabetes, and aimed to elucidate its underlying mechanisms. Mice with db/db and db/m genotypes were allocated into four experimental groups and treated with either dulaglutide or a saline control for 10 weeks.

Synergistic enhancement of electrochemical alcohol oxidation by combining NiV-layered double hydroxide with an aminoxyl radical.

Electrochemical alcohol oxidation (EAO) represents an effective method for the production of high-value carbonyl products. However, its industrial viability is hindered by suboptimal efficiency stemming from low reaction rates. Here, we present a synergistic electrocatalysis approach that integrates an active electrode and aminoxyl radical to enhance the performance of EAO.

Improved glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes initiating or switching to IDegAsp in a real-world setting in China.

Aims: To investigate glycaemic control in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) initiating, or switching to insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp), a co-formulation of basal, and bolus insulin, in a real-world setting.

Materials And Methods: A 20-week, prospective, single-arm, open-label, non-interventional study was conducted in Chinese adults with T2D initiating, or switching to IDegAsp after anti-hyperglycaemic treatment with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs), other insulins, or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. The primary endpoint was a change in HbA from baseline to end of the study; the secondary endpoints included a change in fasting plasma glucose and Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) score.

Shikonin induces the apoptosis and pyroptosis of EGFR-T790M-mutant drug-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells via the degradation of cyclooxygenase-2.

Background: The T790M mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is the primary cause of resistance to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Previous research demonstrated that certain traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers exhibit anti-tumor effects against various malignancies. This study aims to investigate the potentials of shikonin screened from a TCM monomer library containing 1060 monomers in killing EGFR-T790M drug-resistant NSCLC cells and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Fraxinellone protects against cardiac injury and decreases ventricular fibrillation susceptibility during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.

Background: Acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) with complicated mechanisms contributes to a high risk of ventricular arrhythmia, high lethality, and even sudden death. In vitro, Fraxinellone (FRA) exhibits an array of biologic activities and may possess cardioprotective effects. However, no relevant studies have examined FRA's protective potential against MIRI and related ventricular arrhythmias.