FAR1 as a ferroptosis-related biomarker and potential therapeutic target in acute kidney injury: integrated bioinformatics and experimental validation.

Background: Emerging evidence underscores the critical involvement of ferroptosis in the pathophysiology of AKI. However, the role of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in AKI remains insufficiently explored. This study sought to identify potential FRGs associated with AKI through bioinformatics approaches and experimental validation.

Identification of potential shared core biomarkers in type 2 diabetes and sarcopenia.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and sarcopenia (SA) commonly co-occur in clinical settings. This study aims to identify overlapping biomarkers for T2D and SA, thereby advancing the understanding of shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Gene expression data from the NCBI GEO database were analyzed to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in T2D and SA using the limma package.

The research of dapagliflozin on cognitive function in middle-aged and older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and mild cognitive impairment: a 36-week prospective parallel control study.

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors have demonstrated potential for improving cognitive function in preclinical studies; however, robust clinical evidence supporting this effect in humans remains limited. We conducted a prospective trial to assess the effect of dapagliflozin on cognitive function in middle-aged and older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Ninety participants were randomly assigned to either the dapagliflozin or control group for 36 weeks.

Coinfection with bacterial pathogens and genetic modification of PRRSV-2 for suppression of NF-κB and attenuation of proinflammatory responses.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infects pulmonary alveolar macrophages and induces inflammation in the respiratory system. In swine farms, coinfection with PRRSV and bacterial pathogens is common and can result in clinically complicated outcomes, including porcine respiratory disease complex. Coinfection can cause excessive expressions of proinflammatory mediators and may lead to cytokine-storm-like syndrome.

Dapagliflozin attenuates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by inhibiting lipid accumulation, inflammation and liver fibrosis.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as a globally prevalent liver disease, closely linked to the rising incidence of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Dapagliflozin (DaPa), a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, is primarily prescribed for diabetes management. It has shown potential efficacy in managing MASLD in clinical settings.

Short-Term Longitudinal Study on Brain Network Informatics of Stroke Patients Under Acupuncture and Motor Imagery Intervention.

Objective: The quest for scientifically effective rehabilitation methods for stroke recovery constitutes an urgent need. However, due to the inadequacies of longitudinal studies and multimodal assessment methods, the rehabilitation mechanisms of methods such as Acupuncture Treatment (AT) and Motor Imagery (MI) remain unclear. Consequently, this study presents both AT and Acupuncture Synchronized with MI (ASMI) therapies, utilizing a combination of subjective and objective approaches to evaluate the long-term impacts of these two treatment modalities.

Accurate fast quantitative phase imaging based on accelerative iterative transport of the intensity equation solution.

As a simple and widely used quantitative phase imaging (QPI) approach, the transport of intensity equation (TIE) is plagued by accuracy and applicability issues due to the limitations of conventional solution algorithms. To address these problems, we present an accurate fast QPI method using an accelerated iteration-based TIE solution. In this method, a gradient acceleration iterative solution is constructed by TIE itself.

Associations of the triglyceride-glucose index and remnant cholesterol levels with the prevalence of Carotid Plaque in patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective study.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been identified as an alternative biomarker for insulin resistance (IR), while residual cholesterol (RC) is a simple, cost-effective, and easily detectable lipid metabolite. However, the associations of these two markers with carotid plaque presence remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to explore their associations with carotid plaque presence.

Sus scrofa RNase L inhibits PRRSV replication by activation of type I IFN signaling pathway and apoptosis.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has become one of the most economically important diseases to the global pig industry. RNase L is a ubiquitous cellular endoribonuclease that is activated upon the binding of a specific ligand, 2',5'-linked oligoadenylates (2-5 A), which is synthesized by oligoadenylate synthetases (OASs). However, whether Sus scrofa RNase L (sRNase L) could inhibit PRRSV replication and its mechanism have not been fully elucidated.

Effect of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists dulaglutide on kidney outcomes in db/db mice.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, represents a significant clinical challenge. This study investigated the reno-protective effects of dulaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) widely used in the management of diabetes, and aimed to elucidate its underlying mechanisms. Mice with db/db and db/m genotypes were allocated into four experimental groups and treated with either dulaglutide or a saline control for 10 weeks.

Estimation of PEMFC optimal parameters based on an improved butterfly optimization algorithm.

This paper introduces a novel butterfly optimization algorithm, called the spiral search and dynamic crossover based butterfly optimization algorithm (SCBO), for parameter estimation in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) models. To enhance the global performance of the butterfly algorithm, a spin-search strategy is incorporated to expand its exploration range, while an adaptive factor is introduced to strike a balance between exploration and exploitation. Additionally, a dynamic crossover operation is integrated to enhance solution diversity, addressing the algorithm's tendency to converge to local optima.

Polymerization-induced highly brilliant and color-recordable mechanochromic photonic gels for ink-free patterning.

Mechanochromic photonic crystals (MPCs) are extremely attractive since they can adjust their structural color by forces. However, the poor color saturation and color-recordability of conventional MPCs significantly limit their practical applications. Herein, a highly brilliant and color-recordable MPC gel (MPCG) has been fabricated by photopolymerizing the liquid photonic crystals with silica particles non-closely packed in acrylate, dichlorobenzene, and oleylamine.

The prevalence and shedding of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in intensive swine farms of China from 2022 to 2023.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea has emerged as a significant threat to the global swine industry. The shedding and exposure status of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in intensive farms is not completely understood. In this study, a total of 56,598 clinical samples collected from 256 intensive pig farms in 20 provinces in China from 2022 to 2023, were evaluated for PEDV using quantitative real-time PCR.

Dynamic deformation measurement with 2-frame phase-shifting speckle interferometry based on speckle statistics and wavefront multiplexing.

Phase-shifting speckle interferometry could achieve full-field deformation measurement of rough surfaces. To meet the dynamic requirement and further improve the accuracy, a two-step synchronous phase-shifting measurement system is established based on the polarization-sensitive phase modulation ability of a liquid crystal spatial light modulator; by multiplexing the reference wavefront, an accurate phase shift is generated between two independent recording channels, and a common-path self-reference vortex interference structure is built for precise spatial registration. Meanwhile, according to the speckle statistical principle, a novel two-frame phase-shifting algorithm as well as a two-step spatial registration strategy is presented to strengthen the robustness of intensity and position differences caused by spatial-multiplexing; thereby, accurate transient deformation can be directly obtained from phase-shifting speckle interferograms recorded before and after deformation.

Clinical factors influencing the success rate of radioiodine treatment for Graves' disease.

Aims: To investigate the impact of various clinical factors associated with Graves' disease on the success rate of radioiodine (RAI) therapy for Graves' disease within 3 years, and to determine the optimal range of iodine dosage per unit volume that yields the highest cure rate for Graves' disease within 1 year.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with Graves' disease who underwent RAI therapy at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between October 2012 and October 2022. The cumulative success rate was analysed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

PRRSV NSP1α degrades TRIM25 through proteasome system to inhibit host antiviral immune response.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is the most economically significant disease caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Type I interferon (IFN) induces a large number of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) expression to inhibit PRRSV infection. To survive in the host, PRRSV has evolved multiple strategies to antagonize host innate immune response.

The inhibitory effect of swine TAB1 on the replication of pseudorabies virus.

TAK1-binding protein 1 (TAB1) assembles with TAK1 through its C-terminal domain, leading to the self-phosphorylation and activation of TAK1, which plays an important role in the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway. Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is the pathogen of Pseudorabies (PR), which belongs to the Alphaherpesvirus subfamily and causes serious economic losses to the global pig industry. However, the impact of swine TAB1 (sTAB1) on PRV infection has not been reported.

Analysis of Risk Factors for the Association of Sarcopenia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Previous studies have shown that the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased significantly over the years. However, the risk factors for the association of sarcopenia in patients with T2DM are unknown. Therefore, we attempted to investigate the risk factors through measurement and analysis of the patients' data from April 2020 to April 2022.

GTPase activity of porcine Mx1 plays a dominant role in inhibiting the N-Nsp9 interaction and thus inhibiting PRRSV replication.

Unlabelled: Porcine Mx1 is a type of interferon-induced GTPase that inhibits the replication of certain RNA viruses. However, the antiviral effects and the underlying mechanism of porcine Mx1 for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that porcine Mx1 could significantly inhibit PRRSV replication in MARC-145 cells.

Association of Long-Term HbA1c Variability with Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between long-term glycemic variability and anxiety and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Participants And Methods: A cohort comprising 214 individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes participated in this study. Comprehensive demographic and laboratory information was gathered for them.

Correlation between long-term glycemic variability and cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between long-term glycemic variability and cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This retrospective analysis includes 222 patients hospitalized at Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from June 2021 to June 2023. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).