Long-term effects and mechanisms of sulfur-modified nanoscale zero-valent iron in enhancing anaerobic treatment of highly toxic wastewater containing 2,4-dichlorophenol.

Sulfur-modified nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) has emerged as a promising additive for enhancing anaerobic treatment of refractory wastewater. However,its long-term effectiveness and role in toxic shock resistance remain unclear. Herein, S-nZVI was first applied to continuous-flow anaerobic reactors treating wastewater containing 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP).

FACETRACER: Unveiling Source Identities from Swapped Face Images and Videos for Fraud Prevention.

Face-swapping techniques have advanced rapidly with the evolution of deep learning, leading to widespread use and growing concerns about potential misuse, especially in cases of fraud. While many efforts have focused on detecting swapped face images or videos, these methods are insufficient for tracing the malicious users behind fraudulent activities. Intrusive watermark-based approaches also fail to trace unmarked identities, limiting their practical utility.

Leucyl-tRNA synthetase promotes malignant progression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by regulating glycolysis via the LRPPRC/HIF-1α/HK2 axis.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a malignant tumor and research on its therapeutic targets has received increasing attention. It has been reported that Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LARS) contributes to the growth and migration of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), yet its effect on DLBCL progression remains to be elucidated. MTT and flow cytometry were carried out to determine the cellular phenotypes of DLBCL cells under LARS overexpression.

FLT3-ITD promotes immune checkpoint CD80 via ROS elevation in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a malignant hematological stem cell disease, arises from the malignant transformation of myeloid progenitor cells. Among the genetic aberrations in AML, mutations in the tyrosine kinase receptor FLT3, especially FLT3-ITD, are most frequently detected and are correlated with poor clinical outcomes. Intriguingly, FLT3-ITD is implicated in immune escape, although the underlying mechanism remains elusive.

Enhanced selective oxidation capacity and utilization efficiency of Fe(VI) initiated by HBT for contaminant oxidation: Identification of HBT radicals and function.

Studies on the Ferrate [Fe(VI)] process have focused on enhancing contaminant oxidation by adding reductants to generate Fe(V/IV), yet have overlooked significant reactive iron species loss caused by reductants, which ultimately reducing Fe(VI) utilization efficiency. Here, the redox mediator 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) was introduced into the Fe(VI) system and significantly improved the utilization efficiency and selective oxidation capacity of Fe(VI). The amount of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) oxidized by each μmol Fe(VI), namely ΔSMX/ΔFe(VI), was 0.

Mechanisms of Low-Dose Nano Zerovalent-Iron-Induced Microbial Community Evolution: Extracellular Secretion and Key Transcriptional Response.

Nano zerovalent-iron (nZVI) has shown considerable potential to improve conventional biological treatment processes. Designing low-dose exposure strategies is critical for biological nanosystems to avoid oxidative stress and subsequent inhibitory reactions. However, knowledge gaps remain in exploring adaptive evolutionary theories of low-dose exposure strategies, particularly in understanding the full complexity of transcriptional responses.

High-efficiency and selective lead capture using thermally regenerable MOF-based adsorbent: Role of thermoresponsive polymer.

The development of innovative materials for selective lead (Pb) capture is crucial, but regeneration research is insufficient, particularly regarding regeneration without chemical reagents. Herein, we introduce a smart, thermally regenerable MOF-based adsorbent for Pb by incorporating poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) and benzo-18-crown-6 ether (B18C6) into MOF-808 (MOF-808-pNB). MOF-808-pNB could capture Pb with remarkable removal efficiency (> 99.

Machine Learning Reveals Key Adsorption Mechanisms for Oxyanions Based on Combination of Experimental and Published Literature Data.

The development of new adsorbents for water treatment often involves complex adsorption mechanisms, whose individual contributions are unclear, thereby limiting the understanding of adsorption driving forces, making it difficult to achieve precise design of adsorbents. Machine learning (ML) has been used to uncover the impacts of these mechanisms through feature engineering, but progress is limited by the data quality for training. Herein, we developed a universal ML strategy for precisely predicting the adsorption capacity of polymers for oxyanions and identifying the adsorption driving force based on the combination of experimental and published literature data.

Regulate Ion Transport in Subnanochannel Membranes by Ion-Pairing.

The ability of biological ion channels to respond to environmental stimuli, regulate ion permeation rates, and selectively transport specific ions is essential for sustaining physiological functions and holds immense potential for various practical applications. In this study, we report a highly selective ion separation membrane capable of responding to ionic stimuli, thereby regulating the permeation rate of the target ions. This membrane is constructed from two-dimensional MXene nanosheets functionalized with γ-poly(glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) molecules.

Unraveling Subthermionic Transport in One-Dimensional van der Waals Isolated-Band FETs.

A one-dimensional (1D) van der Waals material system offers an ideal platform for designing innovative devices and mitigating power consumption challenges in integrated circuits. Yet, the relationship between their electronic structure, particularly isolated-band features, and the intrinsic subthermionic transport mechanisms in 1D isolated-band-source field-effect transistors (IBS-FETs) remains underexplored. Using first-principles quantum transport simulations, we elucidated the structure-performance relationship of 1D IBS-FETs with a gate length of 7.

Quercetin induces keratinocytes apoptosis via triple inhibition of Notch, PI3K/AKT signaling and Glut1 in the treatment of psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disorder marked by excessive keratinocyte proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration. Quercetin has shown a range of biological activities, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for psoriasis.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the mechanisms by which quercetin treats psoriasis.

Event-Triggered Model-Free Adaptive Formation Constrained Control for Nonlinear Heterogeneous Multiagent Systems.

This article aims to address the formation control issue of the unknown nonaffine nonlinear heterogeneous multiagent system (MAS) considering formation tracking accuracy and computational cost. A novel dynamic prescribed boundary-based event-triggered mechanism is proposed first to flexibly adjust the emphasis on these two indicators, and applied to data modeling and controller design simultaneously to reduce their computational cost. On one hand, an observer-based pseudo gradient estimation algorithm is designed under event-triggered framework for model reconfiguration with only input/output data of system rather than mathematical dynamics.

Research status of subclinical hypothyroidism promoting the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases.

In recent years, the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has risen steadily, significantly impacting public health. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) remains a controversial risk factor for CVD. This review examines the associations between SCH and dyslipidemia, carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT), cardiac dysfunction, and cardiovascular event risk.

Tumor microenvironment-responsive precise delivery nanocarrier potentiating synchronous radionuclide therapy and chemotherapy against cancer.

To achieve better therapeutic outcomes in cancer treatment, the combination of radionuclide and chemotherapy is commonly employed in clinical practice. However, the primary challenge lies in achieving precise drug delivery to tumor tissues, often leading to suboptimal therapeutic efficacy. This study presents a novel, tumor microenvironment-responsive drug delivery carrier that integrates real-time MRI/SPECT dual-modal imaging for precise diagnosis and treatment monitoring.

A comparative analysis of large language models on clinical questions for autoimmune diseases.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has made great strides. To explore the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in providing medical services to patients and assisting physicians in clinical practice, our study evaluated the performance in delivering clinical questions related to autoimmune diseases.

Methods: 46 questions related to autoimmune diseases were input into ChatGPT 3.

Near-infrared (NIR) Fluorophores in Cancer Bioimaging and Therapy.

The development of multiple fluorescent agents has contributed to cancer diagnosis and therapy. Near-infrared (NIR) dyes have already been well studied and displayed significant potential in cancer bioimaging and therapy due to their unique characteristics. In the present literature, we illustrated the updated NIR classification and characteristics as well as their applications in (pre-) clinical cancer imaging and treatment.

Highly Efficient Color Tuning of Lithium Niobate Nanostructures on Flexible Substrate.

Nanostructures based on flexible material are essential for modulating reflected colors by actively changing the unit structure. However, current nanostructures face challenges in achieving active and efficient modulation across a broader spectral range. Here, we propose a stretchable color management method.

Fluoride ions enhanced cobalt ferrite for peroxymonosulfate activation with efficient performance and active oxygen yield regulation.

The activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) by cobalt-based catalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants has been widely studied, while the role of coexisting anions has received little attention. In this study, the performance of atrazine (ATZ) degradation by the addition of fluoride ions (F) in the activation of PMS by cobalt ferrite (CoFeO) was investigated. The addition of F to the CoFeO/PMS system increased ATZ degradation effect from 82 % to 98 % within 10 min, and the rate increased from 0.

Enhanced methanogenesis of wastewater anaerobic digestion by nanoscale zero-valent iron: Mechanism on intracellular energy conservation and amino acid metabolism.

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)-mediated anaerobic digestion commonly focuses on electron transfer between syntrophic bacteria, neglecting intracellular energy conservation strategies and amino acid metabolism. In this study, FH dehydrogenase abundance increased by 5.1 %, 27.

Efficient capture of TcO/ReO via node and linker bifunctional anion exchange covalent organic frameworks.

In nuclear wastewater treatment, ion-scavenging materials designed to trap TcO is urgently needed. However, strong acid/base, high radiation and high salt concentration of nuclear wastewater usually result in inadequate stability and adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. Herein, we report a new class of bifunctional anion-exchange olefin-linked COF (BPDC-MTMP) prepared via Knoevenagel condensation reactions, the first example exploring the synergistic integration of positively charged fragments at both nodes and linkers.

Mitigating Passivation Layer Damage and Lowering Contact Resistivity of TOPcon Solar Cells Through Low PbO Content Ag Paste.

The development of front-side pastes suitable for devices with high sheet resistance such as tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon), is of great significance but remains a considerable challenge. The optimization of the Ag-Si contact interface is crucial for enhancing contact and improving the efficiency of these devices. This work investigates the front-side Ag pastes with low Al content (<2 wt.

Efficacy of neoadjuvant PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor in resectable NSCLC: a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.

Background: The efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is controversial. The aim of this study is to explore the efficacy of additional PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the neoadjuvant treatment of resctable NSCLC.

Methods: Data sources included Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed from beginning of the database creation to May 2024.

Switchable surface Fe sites for water/sediment remediation through enhanced selective oxidation and ROS regulation: Performance, mechanism and application.

Selective oxidation relying on high-valent iron-oxo species (Fe(IV/V)) is a promising way of effective organic decontamination. However, Fe(IV/V) formation and further purposeful reinforcement production are commonly insufficient and unsustainable. Herein, cerium (Ce) modification strategy was adopted for efficient micropollutants removal through boosting Fe(IV/V) generation.

Fluoroquinolone antibiotics trigger selective oxidation in the trace-Cu(II)/peroxydisulfate system: The synergistic effect of dual reactive sites in chemical structure.

Research on transition metal-triggered advanced oxidation processes (TM-AOPs) has primarily focused on the regulation of catalysts and oxidants, but the alternative route that involves utilizing pollutant-derived electrons to enhance TM-AOPs has been largely overlooked. This study presents a case of selective degradation using fluoroquinolone antibiotics, with ofloxacin (OFX) selected as the model pollutant. Under the presence of PDS and trace Cu(II) (10 μM or 0.

Revealing the Overlooked Catalytic Ability of γ-AlO: Efficient Activation of Peroxymonosulfate for Enhanced Water Treatment.

Activated alumina (γ-AlO) is one of the few nanomaterials manufactured at a ton-scale and successfully implemented in large-scale water treatment. Yet its role in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) has primarily been limited to functioning as an inert carrier due to its inherently nonredox nature. This study, for the first time, presents the highly efficient capability of γ-AlO to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for selectively eliminating electron-rich organic pollutants in the presence of Cl.