Association between air pollution and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an updated meta-analysis.

Objective: Air pollution is a major environmental risk to human health, with increasing evidence linking it to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, findings remain inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the relationship between air pollutants and the risk of NAFLD.

Engineered nanovesicle platform simultaneously triggers YAP-dependent ferroptosis and reprograms T-cell immunity through miR-150-3p codelivery in melanoma microenvironment.

Melanoma remains a highly aggressive malignancy with limited effective therapies and frequent resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a promising platform for RNA-based therapeutics, but their clinical translation is impeded by inefficient cargo loading and insufficient tumor-specific targeting. To address these limitations, we developed an engineered EV strategy integrating efficient miRNA packaging with tumor-targeting surface modifications to enhance therapeutic outcomes in melanoma.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiation with camrelizumab and nimotuzumab for initially inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A single-arm phase 2 trial.

Background: Neoadjuvant regimen with a high surgical conversion rate was warranted for initially inoperable patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LAESCC). To evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with camrelizumab and nimotuzumab (NCRCN) followed by surgery in initially inoperable patients with LAESCC.

Methods: This cohort study was a prospective, one-arm, phase 2 study from December 2021 to December 2023.

Application of the ADEM definition to cerebral attacks of MOG antibody-associated disease.

Background: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating syndrome observed in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) but there are limited data on application of this definition to its cerebral attacks or in adults with this disease.

Methods: We analyzed patients from the Mayo Clinic MOGAD cohort ( = 263) with cerebral attacks. We assessed whether children (<18 years-old) and adults (⩾18 years-old) fulfilled the 2013 ADEM definition.

Design, synthesis and SARS-CoV‑2 main protease inhibitory activities of 2-arylthiomethyl-6-bromoindole derivatives.

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to a global health crisis. The main protease (M) is essential for viral replication, making it a promising target for the development of anti-COVID-19 therapeutics. In this paper, series of novel 2-arylsulfanylmethyl-6-bromoindole derivatives (I, II III and IV) were designed as 2019-nCoV main protease inhibitors.

Exploration and Application of Malignant Cell Heterogeneity Analysis with Single-Cell Transcriptome Sequencing Technology.

Cancer remains a formidable global health burden owing to its persistently high incidence and mortality, highlighting the need to elucidate its underlying biological mechanisms. Such insights are crucial for refining diagnostic precision and therapeutic efficacy. Notably, human tumors represent highly heterogeneous ecosystems, comprising a dynamic interplay between malignant cells and non-malignant components, such as immune infiltrates and stromal elements.

Advances in Bract Coloration: Diversity, Pigment Synthesis, and Regulatory Mechanisms in Ornamental Plants.

Bract coloration in ornamental plants is a complex trait governed by diverse pigments (chlorophylls, anthocyanins, betalains, and carotenoids), their biosynthetic pathways, and regulatory networks. While previous research has primarily focused on floral pigmentation, studies on bract coloration-particularly in species where bracts serve as the primary ornamental feature-have received less attention until recent advances. This review synthesizes current understanding of bract color diversity, pigment biochemistry, and molecular regulation in key species including , , , , and .

Multiscale Dynamics from Picoseconds to Milliseconds: Bridging Spin Coherence and Metastable Photocharging in CsPbX Perovskite Quantum Dots.

All-inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties and unique spin-related behaviors. This study investigates the interplay between hole spin coherence and photocharging processes in solution-processed CsPbCl PQDs by using time-resolved Faraday rotation spectroscopy. Our research reveals a room-temperature hole spin dephasing time of ∼60 ps and a hole factor of ∼1.

Genomic diversity and functional insights of carbapenem-resistant revealed by centroid coding sequences analysis.

is a primary bacterial pathogen responsible for various human infections with the emergence of carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) as a significant clinical challenge. Although previous studies have classified based on homology of conserved genes, the biological implications of these classifications remain unclear. In this study, we extracted 47,222 centroid coding sequences (CDSs), representative sequences selected from clusters of highly similar CDSs, from 3,592 complete genomes and analysed the genomic characteristics of 4,458 CRKP strains using these centroid CDSs.

Cardiac tumors: clinical presentation, diagnosis, reatment, and results.

Cardiac tumors are a heterogeneous group of diseases that include primary and metastatic tumors. Among primary tumors, benign tumors account for the majority, and the incidence of malignant tumors is low. In contrast, the incidence of metastatic tumors is significantly higher than that of primary tumors.

Enhanced selective oxidation capacity and utilization efficiency of Fe(VI) initiated by HBT for contaminant oxidation: Identification of HBT radicals and function.

Studies on the Ferrate [Fe(VI)] process have focused on enhancing contaminant oxidation by adding reductants to generate Fe(V/IV), yet have overlooked significant reactive iron species loss caused by reductants, which ultimately reducing Fe(VI) utilization efficiency. Here, the redox mediator 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) was introduced into the Fe(VI) system and significantly improved the utilization efficiency and selective oxidation capacity of Fe(VI). The amount of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) oxidized by each μmol Fe(VI), namely ΔSMX/ΔFe(VI), was 0.

Analysis of loneliness and its related factors in patients undergoing peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.

Objective: To explore the determinants of loneliness among patients undergoing peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) and to identify factors that influence their loneliness levels, with the aim of developing targeted nursing strategies and interventions.

Methods: A total of 300 PBSCT patients were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G), and the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS).

Control model-based reliability modeling and analysis of the human baroreflex regulation function.

The steady state of the baroreflex regulation function (BRF) plays a critical role in the human body by maintaining stable blood pressure homeostasis. However, current research predominantly focuses on physiological indices without considering BRF steady-state performance. To address this gap and comprehensively examine BRF performance maintained in a steady state, this study analyzes BRF from the perspective of reliability and uses a belief reliability methodology to model BRF reliability systematically.

TFAP2C Affects PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway-Mediated EMT for Glioblastoma Development Through Transcriptional Regulation.

Transcription factor AP-2 gamma (TFAP2C) plays a pro-cancer role in various malignancies. Yet, the action of TFAP2C in glioblastoma (GBM) is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TFAP2C in GBM and the potential mechanism.

Autophagy-Mediated Suppression of Tumor Growth by Food-Grade Lipid Nanoparticles in Mice.

Food-grade lipid nanoparticles (FLNs) have been widely used as functional carriers of various nutrients and clinical drugs; however, the potential for FLNs to induce substantial biological effects is often overlooked. Here, it is found that FLNs are first delivered to the early endosomes and then preferentially fused with lipid droplets (LDs) after entering the cells through endocytosis. This process leads to a notable LDs accumulation, which in turn triggers autophagy via the AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 signaling pathway.

Generation of patient-derived sarcoma organoids for personalized drug screening and precision cancer immunotherapy.

Sarcomas are malignant tumors that display inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. Patient-derived organoids enable the creation of systems that stably recapitulate many aspects of parental tumors in vitro. Thus, the idea of using patient-derived organoids for therapeutic screening and precision medicine is tantalizing.

The Structural Types of the Polarization Detection Unit in Imaging Polarimeter Based on the Stokes Parameter Method.

Bio-inspired imaging polarimeters have significant applications in the field of detecting the polarization state of skylights. The polarization detection principle of polarization detection units in polarimeters is mostly based on the Stokes parameter method. Using the Stokes parameter method, multiple linearly polarized lights modulated by the incident light need to be obtained.

Lightweight Spherical Cellulose Aerogels With High Zr-MOF Loadings for the Facile Extraction of Benzodiazepines From Human Urine and Hair Samples.

A facile dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (D-μ-SPE) method that uses spherical cellulose aerogels is proposed herein for the trace detection of seven benzodiazepines in biological samples. Zirconium metal-organic framework (MOF) particles were dispersed in the cellulose aerogels to improve the extraction efficiency. The prepared lightweight spherical aerogels (diameter of approximately 2 mm) were easily collected from the solution using a disposable dropper, overcoming the difficult recycling of powdered MOFs.

Application of digital health products in community-dwelling older adults: A scoping review.

Although digital health products (DHPs) offer a variety of online services to the older people, facilitating self-health management, helping to mitigate the shortage of traditional medical services and reduce healthcare costs, barriers to their widespread adoption among the older population persist. This scoping review aims to identify the influencing factors, clarify the needs and preferences of the older users regarding DHPs. After screening 4,025 unique titles and abstracts and reviewing 138 full-text studies, 33 studies were included.

iGTP: learning interpretable cellular embedding for inferring biological mechanisms underlying single-cell transcriptomics.

Deep-learning models like Variational AutoEncoder have enabled low dimensional cellular embedding representation for large-scale single-cell transcriptomes and shown great flexibility in downstream tasks. However, biologically meaningful latent space is usually missing if no specific structure is designed. Here, we engineered a novel interpretable generative transcriptional program (iGTP) framework that could model the importance of transcriptional program (TP) space and protein-protein interactions (PPI) between different biological states.

A nomogram based on radiomic features from peri-prostatic adipose tissue for predicting bone metastasis in first-time diagnosed prostate cancer patients.

Purpose: To evaluate a radiomics-based nomogram using peri-prostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) features for predicting bone metastasis (BM) in newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

Methods: A retrospective study of 151 PCa patients (October 2010-November 2022) was conducted. Radiomic features were extracted from axial T2-weighted MRI of PPAT, and normalized PPAT was calculated as the ratio of PPAT volume to prostate volume.

Demarcating the Development of Cirrhosis and Its Complications via Plasma Proteomic Features in an Asymptomatic Population.

The early detection of liver cirrhosis and its complications is a conundrum in clinical practice. We aim to address this conundrum using proteomic features of plasma. A total of 52,891 participants without cirrhosis or its complications were recruited from the UK Biobank longitudinal population cohort.

Mupirocin-Piperine Microemulsion Hydrogels Accelerate Healing of Infected Wounds through Deep Penetration and Biofilm Disruption.

The emergence of bacteria resistant to multiple first-line antibiotics has created an urgent demand for effective alternatives and a comprehensive approach to the healing of infected wounds. This study developed synergistic microemulsion hydrogels (Mup-Pip-ME-gels) combining piperine's biofilm-disrupting properties with mupirocin's antibacterial activity to combat antibiotic resistance and enhance wound healing. The optimization of the formulation was carried out using a pseudoternary phase diagram and response surface methodology, resulting in a microemulsion with stable physical properties: an average particle size of 57.

Microneedle-mediated biomimetic nanoparticles for targeted antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapy in age-related macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains the leading cause of vision loss worldwide, with the lack of effective treatment for dry AMD posing a significant clinical challenge. Current therapies for wet AMD, while effective, are invasive, costly, and associated with notable side effects. Dry AMD, which is characterized by progressive retinal damage driven by oxidative stress and inflammation, lacks targeted therapeutic options, underscoring the critical need for innovative intervention strategies.