Optimal stimulation site and fiber tracts in subthalamic deep brain stimulation for Meige syndrome.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has emerged as an effective therapy for Meige syndrome (MS). However, the optimal stimulation site within STN and the most effective stimulation fiber tracts have not been investigated.

Methods: Based on the discovery cohort (n = 65), we first identified the optimal stimulation site within the STN using the sweet spot mapping method.

Dynamic interface catalysis and carbon dioxide reduction of liquid metals.

Liquid metal (LM) catalysis has been demonstrated to have obvious potential in the fields of energy conversion and environmental catalysis due to its unique dynamic interface, adjustable electronic structure and regenerative ability of active sites. Compared with traditional solid-state catalysts, the atomic-level degrees of freedom and fluidity of typical gallium-based LMs exhibit advantages such as anti-poisoning, interface self-repair, and dynamic regulation of reaction pathways. Based on the fundamental characteristics and mechanisms of LM catalysis, this work systematically expounds the phase structure regulation corresponding to achieving low-temperature fluidity.

Nanoconfinement-enhanced lanthanum-biochar composites for simultaneous adsorption and catalytic hydrolysis of organic phosphorus pollutants.

The simultaneous removal of organic phosphorus pollutants (e.g., phosphonates and organophosphate esters (OPEs)) in aquatic systems remains a critical challenge due to their persistence and contribution to eutrophication.

In situ unravelling surface plasmon resonance subject-object role of BiVO@Ag in photocatalytic water splitting.

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of noble metal particles has been recognized to play a significant role in photocatalysis. We designed the BiVO@Ag system by photo-deposition to prove the special role of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) in promoting water splitting. The BiVO@Ag considerably increases light absorption by the SPR effect of Ag NPs.

TACE Combined with Lenvatinib-PD-1 Versus TACE Monotherapy as Conversion Therapy Before Liver Resection in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective, Propensity Score Matching Study.

Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with Lenvatinib plus programmed death-1 inhibitor (PD-1 inhibitor) is recommended for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC), and it has increased the probability of successful conversion. Our aim was to compare the clinical benefits of TACE combined with Lenvatinib-PD-1 inhibitor versus TACE monotherapy as conversion therapy for patients with uHCC who subsequently underwent liver resection (LR).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 213 uHCC patients who underwent LR after receiving either TACE combined with Lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitor (combination group, n=109) or TACE monotherapy (monotherapy group, n=104).

Effect of the dry-wet cycle on the mechanical properties of Ili loess with different mica contents.

The mechanical properties of the loess in the Ili region of China deteriorate significantly when it is subjected to the dry-wet cycles. Attributed to the critical role played by the mica content for the mechanical deterioration of Ili loess, a series of laboratory tests, including the X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests, the triaxial compression tests, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and other methods, were carried out to investigate the macroscopic and microscopic properties of Ili loess under different dry-wet cycles (i.e.

Macro and micro damage characteristics of Red-bed sandstone in Urumqi under freeze-thaw cycles.

Investigating the macro and micro structural damage characteristics of red-bed sandstone under freeze-thaw cycles is crucial for guiding construction in seasonal frozen soil regions. This paper analyzes the macro and micro damage characteristics of red bed sandstone in Urumqi area under the action of freeze-thaw cycle through micro-test and uniaxial compression test.The results show that with an increase in freeze-thaw cycles, the porosity and permeability of red-bed sandstone (RBS) samples gradually increase and eventually stabilize.

Machine Learning Reveals Key Adsorption Mechanisms for Oxyanions Based on Combination of Experimental and Published Literature Data.

The development of new adsorbents for water treatment often involves complex adsorption mechanisms, whose individual contributions are unclear, thereby limiting the understanding of adsorption driving forces, making it difficult to achieve precise design of adsorbents. Machine learning (ML) has been used to uncover the impacts of these mechanisms through feature engineering, but progress is limited by the data quality for training. Herein, we developed a universal ML strategy for precisely predicting the adsorption capacity of polymers for oxyanions and identifying the adsorption driving force based on the combination of experimental and published literature data.

Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms with Parkinson's disease: evidence from a case-control study.

Background: A growing body of strong evidence shows that voltage-gated sodium channels genes play key roles in the development of sporadic Parkinson's disease (sPD). However, little data have been reported on the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and sPD. This study aimed to investigate the association between SCN2A gene polymorphisms and sPD.

A retrospective cohort study of the efficacy and safety of oral azvudine nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in elderly hospitalized COVID-19 patients aged over 60 years.

Azvudine and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) are recommended for COVID-19 treatment in China, but their safety and efficacy in the elderly population are not fully known. In this multicenter, retrospective, cohort study, we identified 5131 elderly hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 32,864 COVID-19 patients admitted to nine hospitals in Henan Province, China, from December 5, 2022, to January 31, 2023. The primary outcome was all-cause death, and the secondary outcome was composite disease progression.

The impact of prolonged high-concentration cortisol exposure on cognitive function and risk factors: Evidence from Cushing's disease patients.

Background: Prolonged high-concentration cortisol exposure may impair cognitive function, but its mechanisms and risk factors remain unclear in humans.

Objective: Using Cushing's disease patients as a model, this study explores these effects and develops a predictive model to aid in managing high-risk patients.

Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 107 Cushing's disease patients (January 2020-January 2024) at the First Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital.

Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with primary Meige syndrome undergoing subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation: a retrospective study of 65 cases.

Objective: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) for primary Meige syndrome has been increasingly reported in recent years. Despite the potential of this therapeutic approach, only a limited number of studies have evaluated its clinical benefits. Moreover, the efficacy of STN-DBS varies among patients with Meige syndrome, and stable prognostic predictors are scarce.

The correlation between muscle loss and the severity of vascular stenosis in elderly patients with peripheral artery disease: a retrospective analysis utilizing computed tomography.

Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a globally prevalent atherosclerotic disease associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and a poor prognosis. Skeletal muscle loss (sarcopenia) is particularly common in patients with PAD and is closely associated with poor prognosis.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the area, density and fat infiltration of skeletal muscle in patients with PAD by CT, and to analyze their relationship with the degree of vascular stenosis.

Failure mechanism of soft- hard- interbedded rock slopes in cold regions: Numerical simulation and theoretical analysis.

The soft- hard- interbedded rock slope in cold regions generally undergo the differential weathering due to the freeze-thaw effects, for which the irregular rock fractures increase the risk of geological disasters occurrence. To investigate the failure mechanism of the rock slope, both the numerical simulation and theoretical analysis were adopted in the present research. The structural integrity of the soft- hard- interbedded rock slope subjected to three different conditions (e.

Discovery of Novel Isoxazoline Derivatives Containing Pyrazolamide Fragment as Insecticidal Candidates.

Lepidopteran species cause significant harm to agricultural yields and food quality. In this study, a series of innovative isoxazoline derivatives incorporating pyrazolamide moieties were carefully designed and synthesized as potential insecticidal agents. Among these, compound demonstrated an LC value of 0.

Deep brain stimulation versus nonsurgical treatment for severe Alzheimer's disease: A long-term retrospective cohort study.

Background: Severe Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by significant neuropsychiatric symptoms and sleep disorders, with limited effectiveness of conservative drug treatments. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) offers a potential alternative.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and long-term outcomes of DBS versus conservative treatment in patients with severe AD.

Real-world effectiveness of azvudine versus nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing diabetes.

Azvudine and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir are prioritized treatments for SARS-CoV-2 infection in China, but their effectiveness and safety in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing diabetes remains unknown. In this retrospective cohort study, we collected 32,864 hospitalized COVID-19 patients from nine hospitals, among which 636 azvudine recipients and 318 nirmatrelvir-ritonavir recipients were enrolled for final analysis after exclusion and propensity score matching. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analysis results showed that azvudine had a lower risk of all-cause death compared with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing diabetes (log rank:  = 0.

Effectiveness and Safety of Oral Azvudine for Elderly Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19: A Multicenter, Retrospective, Real-World Study.

Azvudine is recommended as a priority treatment for patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) during Omicron wave in China, but its efficacy and safety in elderly patients is unknown. In this multicenter, retrospective study, we identified 19763 elderly patients (aged over 60 years) with COVID-19 from nine hospitals in Henan Province, China. The primary outcome is all-cause death and the secondary outcome is composite disease progression.

Real-world effectiveness and safety of oral azvudine versus nirmatrelvir‒ritonavir (Paxlovid) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study.

Azvudine and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (Paxlovid) were widely used to treat patients with COVID-19 in China during the Omicron wave. However, the efficacy and safety of azvudine versus Paxlovid are poorly established. This study included 40,876 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 from eleven hospitals in Henan and Xinjiang Provinces, China.

Multiscale Analysis Reveals Hippocampal Subfield Vulnerabilities to Chronic Cortisol Overexposure: Evidence From Cushing's Disease.

Background: Chronic cortisol overexposure plays a significant role in the development of neuropathological changes associated with neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The hippocampus, the primary target of cortisol, may exhibit characteristic regional responses due to its internal heterogeneity. In this study, we explored structural and functional alterations of hippocampal (HP) subfields in Cushing's disease (CD), an endogenous model of chronic cortisol overexposure.

Neurosurgical and BCI approaches to visual rehabilitation in occipital lobe tumor patients.

This study investigates the effects of occipital lobe tumors on visual processing and the role of brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies in post-surgical visual rehabilitation. Through a combination of pre-surgical functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), intra-operative direct cortical stimulation (DCS) and Electrocorticography (ECoG), and post-surgical BCI interventions, we provide insight into the complex dynamics between occipital lobe tumors and visual function. Our results highlight a discrepancy between clinical assessments of visual field damage and the patient's reported visual experiences, suggesting a residual functional capacity within the damaged occipital regions.

Simultaneous intracranial recordings of interacting brains reveal neurocognitive dynamics of human cooperation.

Cooperative interactions profoundly shape individual and collective behaviors of social animals. Successful cooperation requires coordinated efforts by cooperators toward collective goals. However, the underlying behavioral dynamics and neuronal mechanisms within and between cooperating brains remain largely unknown.

Population-based active surveillance of pertussis hospitalization rates in two cities of China.

Purpose: Hospitalization is most common for severe pertussis cases and those with serious complications caused by pertussis. In mainland China, the immunization program consists of primary vaccinations at 3, 4, and 5 months, followed by a booster at 18 months with DTaP. It remains uncertain whether the first dose at 3 months, rather than 6 weeks as WHO recommended, may increase disease burden, as delayed immunization may lead to lagged protection.

Investigating unilateral and bilateral motor imagery control using electrocorticography and fMRI in awake craniotomy.

Background: The rapid development of neurosurgical techniques, such as awake craniotomy, has increased opportunities to explore the mysteries of the brain. This is crucial for deepening our understanding of motor control and imagination processes, especially in developing brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies and improving neurorehabilitation strategies for neurological disorders.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze brain activity patterns in patients undergoing awake craniotomy during actual movements and motor imagery, mainly focusing on the motor control processes of the bilateral limbs.