The U1 snRNP protein U1C and Helix H of U1 snRNA are critical for small molecule splicing modulator function.

Risdiplam and branaplam represent two classes of small-molecule splicing modulators that promote U1 snRNP recognition of weak non-canonical GA/GU-containing 5' splice sites (ss). We demonstrated that branaplam enhanced recognition of these 5' ss by reconstituted U1 snRNP in vitro, and that this effect depended on the ZnF domain of U1C and Helix H of U1 snRNA, but not U1A or U1-70K. In cells, depletion of U1C generally reduced compound-induced exon inclusion for most cassette exons.

Establishing a novel combustion generator system to simulate and study emissions from diverse applications.

Inhalation of emissions from combustion events such as military burn pits and wildland-urban interface fires result in exposures to complex aerosols that may cause adverse health effects. A surrogate combustion generator was created to study these events. A pellet stove was modified to burn diverse fuels comprised of materials found in burn pits (plastic, rubber, and wood).

Natural Cell-Inspired Nanoparticles: Preparation, Mechanisms, Applications, and Prospects for Clinical Translation.

Natural cell-inspired nanoparticles (NCINPs) represent a transformative innovation in nanomedicine, featuring a core-shell structure coated with isolated natural cell membranes (NCMs) that effectively mimic the functions of native cells. The development of NCINPs achieves molecular-level emulation of native cells by precisely reconstructing the hierarchical architecture of the bio-interface, including the structure of the phospholipid bilayer, lipid rafts, protein matrix, and polysaccharide interactions. This advanced biomimetic strategy not only retains the inherent biocompatibility and targeting precision of natural cells but also enables programmable functionalities that surpass those of natural systems, offering enhanced therapeutic potential.

The Impact of Color Cues on Word Segmentation by L2 Chinese Readers: Evidence from Eye Movements.

Chinese lacks explicit word boundary markers, creating frequent temporary segmental ambiguities where character sequences permit multiple plausible lexical analyses. Skilled native (L1) Chinese readers resolve these ambiguities efficiently. However, mechanisms underlying word segmentation in second language (L2) Chinese reading remain poorly understood.

The Association Between Coping Styles, Meaning in Life, Death Preparedness of Advanced Cancer Patients.

Context: The current level of death preparedness in advanced cancer patients is low. However, death preparedness is an important prerequisite for quality of life and quality of death for these patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the unique relationship between coping styles, meaning in life, and death preparedness in advanced cancer patients, and whether meaning in life mediates the relationship between coping styles and death preparedness.

Reallocating diabetes-related garbage codes to improve mortality estimates: a case study in Weifang, China.

Effective identification and correction of diabetes mellitus (DM)-related garbage codes (GCs) in mortality surveillance data is crucial for accurately estimating regional DM mortality rates. This study applied a structured, three-step approach-using standard WHO ICD-10 mortality coding rules, coarsened exact matching (CEMM), and fixed proportion reassignment (FPRM)-to redistribute diabetes-related GCs in Weifang's mortality data (2010-2022). Using ICD-10 coding rules, we reclassified 29 deaths originally assigned to DM as the underlying cause of death (UCD) to other causes, and reassigned 1,945 records previously not attributed to DM to DM as the UCD.

Short term prediction of photovoltaic power with time embedding temporal convolutional networks.

The incorporation of both spatial and temporal characteristics is vital for improving the predictive accuracy of photovoltaic (PV) power generation forecasting. However, in multivariate time series forecasting, an excessive number of features and traditional decomposition methods often lead to information redundancy and data leakage, resulting in prediction bias. To address these limitations, this study introduces the Time-Embedding Temporal Convolutional Network (ETCN), providing an innovative solution.

Integrated Analyses to Identify the Roles of in Frailty and Hypertension.

Background: With aging, frailty and hypertension become increasingly prevalent comorbidities in the older population. Therefore, the aim of the study is to identify effective druggable targets for these conditions.

Methods: We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to assess the causal effects of 2532 druggable genes on frailty, hypertension, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.

Mechanistic studies of small molecule ligands selective to RNA single G bulges.

Small-molecule RNA binders have emerged as an important pharmacological modality. A profound understanding of the ligand selectivity, binding mode, and influential factors governing ligand engagement with RNA targets is the foundation for rational ligand design. Here, we report a novel class of coumarin derivatives exhibiting selective binding affinity towards single G RNA bulges.

An Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals the Protective Mechanism of Aspirin on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing health concern worldwide. Aspirin has shown potential in ameliorating MASLD, yet its mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of aspirin on MASLD by incorporating transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches.

Effects of a wearable hand orthosis on upper and lower limb motor recovery in stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Orthoses have shown potential in addressing upper limb spasticity in stroke survivors; however, their influence on motor recovery remains controversial. This study aimed to examine the effects of a wearable hand orthosis on spasticity, motor recovery of both upper and lower limbs, balance, and activities of daily living in stroke.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Exploring Birch Salt Tolerance Using Gene Regulatory Network Highlighting Hormone Signaling, Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging, and Ion Homeostasis.

Salt stress presents a formidable challenge for plant survival, yet the intricate regulatory networks dictating salt-tolerant gene expression remain elusive. This research delineates a gene regulatory network (GRN) in birch (Betula platyphylla) under salt stress, utilizing a partial correlation coefficient-based algorithm. The GRN comprises three hierarchical layers: the top layer with 5 transcription factors (TFs), the middle layer with 22 TFs, and the bottom layer encompassing 345 structural genes, totaling 1458 regulatory interactions.

The SCARECROW-LIKE transcription factor from Populus davidiana × P. bolleana simultaneously improved drought tolerance and plant growth through acetylation-dependent mechanisms.

The GAI-RGA-and-SCR (GRAS) family of plant-specific transcription factors (TFs) is essential for development and stress tolerance, but their role in drought resistance and growth remains unclear. Here, we characterized the SCARECROW-LIKE (SCL) TF PdbSCL1 from Populus davidiana × P. bolleana, examining its role in drought response and growth.

Effectiveness of isometric muscle training combined with manual lymphatic drainage on secondary lower extremity lymphedema following gynecologic cancer surgery.

Objective: To investigate the effects of isokinetic strength training combined with manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) on leg circumference, walking ability and muscle strength in patients with secondary lymphedema following gynecologic cancer surgery.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation department.

Cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking evaluates left atrial strain in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and mitral regurgitation.

PurposeTo explore left atrial (LA) function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and mitral regurgitation assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging feature tracking (MRI-FT).MethodIn this study, 64 SLE patients (35.0 ± 12.

Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms with Parkinson's disease: evidence from a case-control study.

Background: A growing body of strong evidence shows that voltage-gated sodium channels genes play key roles in the development of sporadic Parkinson's disease (sPD). However, little data have been reported on the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and sPD. This study aimed to investigate the association between SCN2A gene polymorphisms and sPD.

Effects of aging on word position encoding in Chinese reading.

Recent research has highlighted a growing interest in word position coding during sentence reading, with young adults demonstrating flexible encoding of word positions. However, normal aging is associated with the visual and cognitive changes, which may impact this flexibility - particularly in Chinese reading, where word boundaries are not explicitly marked. This study examined age-related differences in the flexibility of word position encoding by investigating the transposed-word effect in young and older adults.

A MYB61-SWB9-KOs module regulates grain chalkiness via gibberellin biosynthesis in rice endosperm.

Grain chalkiness leads to the deterioration of grain appearance quality, which affects grain processing quality and the market value of rice. Gibberellin plays a crucial role in seed germination and plant growth, but its mechanism on endosperm starch synthesis and rice grain chalkiness formation remains largely elusive. Here, we identified a grain white belly (chalkiness in the belly area of grain) gene, SWB9, which encodes a kinesin-4 protein with a conserved ATPase domain and a coiled-coil domain.

Polyoxometalate Etching of NMO@NF for Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Water Splitting.

In this study, PTA&PMA/NiMoO@NF was synthesized on nickel foam through wet chemical etching to promote the kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) effectively. OER benefits from two cationic (Ni and Mo) defects and the optimized electronic configuration of PTA&PMA/NiMoO@NF. Thus, it only needs 200 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA cm in 1.

Smart reprogramming of plants against cadmium toxicity using membrane transporters and modern tools.

Cadmium (Cd) in soil and water streams is now recognized as a significant environmental issue that harms plants and animals. Plants damaged by Cd toxicity experience various effects, from germination to yield reduction. Plant- and animal-based goods are allowing more Cd to enter our food chain, which could harm human health.

Identification of Rapaglutin E as an Isoform-Specific Inhibitor of Glucose Transporter 1.

Natural products rapamycin and FK506 are macrocyclic compounds with therapeutic benefits whose unique scaffold inspired the generation and exploration of hybrid macrocycle rapafucins. From this library, a potent inhibitor of the facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT), rapaglutin A (RgA), was previously identified. RgA is a pan-GLUT inhibitor of Class I isoforms GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4.

RelVid: Relational Learning with Vision-Language Models for Weakly Video Anomaly Detection.

Weakly supervised video anomaly detection aims to identify abnormal events in video sequences without requiring frame-level supervision, which is a challenging task in computer vision. Traditional methods typically rely on low-level visual features with weak supervision from a single backbone branch, which often struggles to capture the distinctive characteristics of different categories. This limitation reduces their adaptability to real-world scenarios.

Unraveling cadmium tolerance mechanisms in Betula platyphylla through a hierarchical gene regulatory network in hormone signaling.

Cadmium (Cd), a toxic heavy metal, is a significant pollutant that impacts plant productivity. While some studies have been conducted, the underlying mechanisms by which plants respond to Cd stress remain largely unclear. Here, we performed RNA-seq analysis of Betula platyphylla (birch) under CdCl treatment.

Genome-Wide Analysis of Stable RNA Secondary Structures across Multiple Organisms Using Chemical Probing Data: Insights into Short Structural Motifs and RNA-Targeting Therapeutics.

Small molecules targeting specific RNA-binding sites, including stable and transient RNA structures, are emerging as effective pharmacological approaches for modulating gene expression. However, little is understood about how stable RNA secondary structures are shared across organisms, which is an important factor in controlling drug selectivity. In this study, I provide an analytical pipeline named RNA secondary structure finder (R2S-Finder) to discover short, stable RNA structural motifs in humans, (), SARS-CoV-2, and Zika virus by leveraging existing in vivo and in vitro genome-wide chemical RNA-probing datasets.

Flexible parafoveal processing of character order is preserved in older readers.

Eye movement research in Chinese shows that young adults encode character order flexibly during parafoveal processing and that word predictability can influence this early processing stage. Whether these effects change in older age is unclear, although other research suggests older readers have reduced parafoveal processing capabilities. Using the boundary paradigm (Rayner, 1975), we compared eye movement data from 60 young adults (18-30 years) with new data from 36 older adults (65-75 years).