Spleen granulopoiesis in psoriasis immune microenvironment aggravates psoriasis via IL-6/P-STAT3 signaling.

Background: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory condition characterized by significant neutrophil infiltration in the skin. Given that the spleen is the largest peripheral immune organ in the body, it is important to investigate whether it has any impact on skin inflammation in psoriasis.

Methods: To investigate this mechanism, a psoriatic mouse model was established by IMQ application.

β-Sitosterol preconditioning enhances the resistance of BMSCs and chondrocyte to oxidative stress and promotes cartilage repair in osteoarthritis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disorder that severely affects patients' mobility, overall health, and ability to perform daily activities. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies, stem cell-based therapies for OA still face challenges, particularly in enhancing the antioxidative capacity of stem cells to improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential of β-sitosterol in this context.

Enhanced production of sabinene by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae from corn hydrolysates.

Sabinene is a type of monoterpene that is widely used in flavors, fragrances and pharmaceuticals. Though sabinene biosynthesis has been investigated in a variety of microorganisms, application of sabinene is still limited due to its high production cost and lesser yielding strains. The baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is generally recognized as safe (GRAS), is a suitable cell factory for the food and beverage industries.

Protein Spatial Structure Meets Artificial Intelligence: Revolutionizing Drug Synergy-Antagonism in Precision Medicine.

Targeted drug design and development, as a core area of modern pharmaceutical research, critically depends on the assessment of protein site druggability as a fundamental component. This review systematically examines the latest research progress and application prospects of drug synergy and antagonism prediction methods that integrate protein three-dimensional spatial structure with artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. This review showcases the molecular biological mechanisms of drug synergism vs antagonism mediated by transcription factors, signal pathway regulation, and membrane transport proteins, and subsequently delves into the molecular structural basis of protein-drug interactions, including precise identification methods for drug binding sites, optimization strategies for molecular docking techniques, and the mechanisms and structural characteristics of multi-target drugs.

Effect of mood stabilizers on cognition in bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: Mood stabilizer therapy is a prevalent intervention for bipolar disorder (BD). This work aimed at reviewing the knowledge on the cognitive effects of mood stabilizers in patients with BD.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane library and PsycInfo databases.

Bridging artificial intelligence and biological sciences: a comprehensive review of large language models in bioinformatics.

Large language models (LLMs), representing a breakthrough advancement in artificial intelligence, have demonstrated substantial application value and development potential in bioinformatics research, particularly showing significant progress in the processing and analysis of complex biological data. This comprehensive review systematically examines the development and applications of LLMs in bioinformatics, with particular emphasis on their advancements in protein and nucleic acid structure prediction, omics analysis, drug design and screening, and biomedical literature mining. This work highlights the distinctive capabilities of LLMs in end-to-end learning and knowledge transfer paradigms.

DSG3 promotes bladder cancer growth and metastasis via AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway.

Background: The high metastasis rate is the primary contributor to the high mortality rate associated with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Therefore, elucidating the mechanisms involved and identifying potential therapeutic targets are crucial for improving the overall prognosis of bladder cancer (BLCA).

Methods: We used consensus clustering and differential gene expression analyses to identify the key gene desmoglein 3 (DSG3).

Pathogenesis and current status of the treatment of lung cancer associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease with chronic progressive fibrosis of unknown etiology; it is characterized by persistent fibrosis of the lungs accompanied by irreversible lung function decline and high mortality rates. A large body of evidence suggests a significant association between IPF and lung cancer (LC). IPF itself increases the risk of LC development, and LC associated with IPF often originates in areas of honeycomb lesions in IPF.

Naochuxue formula attenuates early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis via network pharmacology and in vivo experiments.

Objectives: Investigate Naochuxue formula's mechanism in the treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Methods: Analyzed Naochuxue formula's active components via nontargeted metabolomics, and predicted the core targets using network pharmacology. Sprague‒Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham, model, Naochuxue formula low, medium and high dose groups, and edaravone.

Mechanistic studies of small molecule ligands selective to RNA single G bulges.

Small-molecule RNA binders have emerged as an important pharmacological modality. A profound understanding of the ligand selectivity, binding mode, and influential factors governing ligand engagement with RNA targets is the foundation for rational ligand design. Here, we report a novel class of coumarin derivatives exhibiting selective binding affinity towards single G RNA bulges.

The value of multimodal neuroimaging in the diagnosis and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a narrative review.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a delayed-onset or prolonged persistent psychiatric disorder caused by individuals experiencing an unusually threatening or catastrophic stressful event or situation. Due to its long duration and recurrent nature, unimodal neuroimaging tools such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and electroencephalography (EEG) have been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of PTSD for early intervention. However, as compared with an unimodal approach, a multimodal imaging approach can better capture integrated neural mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of PTSD, including predisposing factors, changes in neural activity, and physiological mechanisms of symptoms.

Anxiolytic Effects of L. Oligo-Polysaccharides by Modulating Gut Microbiota, Neuronal Signaling Pathways, and Neuroinflammation in Chronic Sleep Deprivation-Stressed Mice.

Prolonged sleep deprivation impairs brain function and increases the risk of mental health disorders. L. Oligo-polysaccharides (JSO), bioactive compounds derived from chicory, belong to the category of food-medicine homologous substances, possess gut microbiota-modulating and anti-inflammatory properties, and serve as a natural prebiotic, having significant research value in food science.

Performance analysis of large language models in multi-disease detection from chest computed tomography reports: a comparative study.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is widely acknowledged as the gold standard for diagnosing thoracic diseases. However, the accuracy of interpretation significantly depends on radiologists' expertise. Large language models (LLMs) have shown considerable promise in various medical applications, particularly in radiology.

A Fully Integrated Wearable Sweat Sensing Patch for Online Analysis of Multiple Parkinson's Disease-Related Biomarkers.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by a prolonged asymptomatic "window period" (several years). Early prediction and diagnosis during this window are crucial, as timely interventions can slow disease progression. In this study, a fully integrated wearable sweat-sensing patch capable of real-time detection of three key PD biomarkers: L-Dopa, ascorbic acid, and glucose is developed.

RETREG1-mediated reticulophagy is activated by an ATF4-CEBPG/C/EBPγ heterodimer and confers protection against lipotoxicity.

Excessive fatty acid triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to lipotoxicity, which plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Reticulophagy is recently identified as an integral process in maintaining ER homeostasis during ER stress. However, our knowledge of reticulophagy in lipotoxicity remains limited, and the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear.

Evaluating generative AI models for explainable pathological feature extraction in lung adenocarcinoma: grading assessment and prognostic model construction.

Background: Given the increasing prevalence of generative AI (GenAI) models, a systematically evaluation of their performance in lung adenocarcinoma histopathological assessment is crucial. This study aimed to evaluate and compare three visual-capable GenAI models (GPT-4o, Claude-3.5-Sonnet, and Gemini-1.

Exploring neuroprotective effects of PP2 in ischemic stroke via bioinformatics and experimental validation.

Background: Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, yet effective therapeutic options remain limited. In this study, bioinformatics analyses were used to identify potential therapeutic targets and small-molecule compounds for ischemic stroke. A mouse model of cerebral ischemia was subsequently used to validate their neuroprotective efficacy.

A portable sweat biosensor for multiple chronic kidney diseases biomarkers detection.

Continuous and quantitative measurement of toxin biomarkers in biological fluids constitutes a significant advancement in the proactive management of chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Although sweat analysis presents a promising non-invasive strategy, conventional detection methods suffer from inherent limitations, including low sensitivity, poor specificity, high cost, and inadequate long-term durability. Herein, we constructed a novel molecularly imprinted portable biosensor that can simultaneously detect three critical biomarkers (urea, creatinine, and uric acid) for CKD in human sweat.

, , and as a Functional Food Formula: Cognitive Enhancement via Modulation of Hippocampal Neuroinflammation and Neuroprotection in Sleep-Restricted Mice.

, , and are traditional Chinese herbs commonly used as both medicinal and food ingredients, traditionally believed to improve liver and kidney functions, replenish vital energy (qi) and blood, and mitigate stress-induced damage. These herbs are combined in the Compound Gastrodia elata Formula (CGEF), a functional food formulation. Amidst growing interest in functional foods, this study explores the cognitive-enhancing effects of CGEF, focusing on cognitive function improvement.

Integration of machine learning and experimental validation reveals new lipid-lowering drug candidates.

Hyperlipidemia, a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, is associated with limitations in clinical lipid-lowering medications. Drug repurposing strategies expedite the research process and mitigate development costs, offering an innovative approach to drug discovery. This study employed systematic literature and guidelines review to compile a training set comprising 176 lipid-lowering drugs and 3254 non-lipid-lowering drugs.

Retraction notice to "The application of modified functional movement screen as predictor of training injury in athletes" [Heliyon 10 (2024) e28299].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Preclinical Evaluation of HSP90 Noninvasive Imaging in Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis.

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a powerful molecular chaperone responsible for the stability and integrity of various client proteins, including various transcription factors, kinases, and steroid hormone proteins, among others. Overexpression of HSP90 is closely related to cancer, immune diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, there are few effective fluorescent probes for HSP90.

Two-phase radial endobronchial ultrasound bronchoscopy registration.

Purpose: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death. This has brought about a critical need for managing peripheral regions of interest (ROIs) in the lungs, be it for cancer diagnosis, staging, or treatment. The state-of-the-art approach for assessing peripheral ROIs involves bronchoscopy.

ChatGPT's role in alleviating anxiety in total knee arthroplasty consent process: a randomized controlled trial pilot study.

Background: Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) like ChatGPT have expanded possibilities for patient education, yet its impact on perioperative anxiety in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients remains unexplored.

Methods: In this single-blind, randomized controlled pilot study from April to July 2023, 60 patients were randomly allocated using sealed envelopes to either ChatGPT-assisted or traditional surgeon-led informed consent groups. In the ChatGPT group, physicians used ChatGPT 4.