Effects of imperatorin on chronic periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim: Periodontitis is a common complication of type 2 diabetes. Imperatorin is a traditional Chinese medicinal compound recognized for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-tumor properties. Nevertheless, the impact of imperatorin on chronic periodontitis and chronic periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus remains unexplored.

Efficacy and Safety of Tenecteplase in the Treatment of Acute Branch Atheromatous Disease: A Retrospective Multicenter Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Branch atheromatous disease (BAD) is a common subtype of acute ischemic stroke characterized by atherosclerosis. Patients with BAD are highly prone to early neurological deterioration. Intravenous thrombolysis can restore blood flow.

Reconstruction of a connectome of single neurons in mouse brains by cross-validating multi-scale multi-modality data.

Brain networks, or connectomes, have inspired research at macro-, meso- and micro-scales. However, the rise of single-cell technologies necessitates inferring connectomes consisting of individual neurons projecting throughout the brain. Her, we present a scalable approach to map single-neuron connectivity at the whole-brain scale using two complementary methods.

Factors affecting adherence to compression therapy in postoperative patients with lower limb varicose veins.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status and determinants of compression therapy adherence among postoperative patients with lower limb varicose veins.MethodsA consecutive cohort of patients undergoing operation for lower limb varicose veins at a single center between September 2022 and September 2024 were included in this study. Demographic data including sex, age, comorbidities and type of surgical treatment were retrieved.

Incident arrhythmias in relation to ventilatory parameters and pulmonary disease: evidence from two prospective cohort studies.

Background: Emerging epidemiological evidence implicates pulmonary dysfunction in cardiovascular pathogenesis, yet its arrhythmogenic potential remains poorly defined.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the link between ventilatory parameters, pulmonary disease phenotypes and risk of incident arrhythmias across diverse populations.

Methods: We analyzed data from 17,684 adults in two prospective cohort studies-the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC; n = 12,929) and Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS; n = 4,755).

Enhanced production of sabinene by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae from corn hydrolysates.

Sabinene is a type of monoterpene that is widely used in flavors, fragrances and pharmaceuticals. Though sabinene biosynthesis has been investigated in a variety of microorganisms, application of sabinene is still limited due to its high production cost and lesser yielding strains. The baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is generally recognized as safe (GRAS), is a suitable cell factory for the food and beverage industries.

Metabolomics profiling of plaque enhancement in ischemic stroke patients with large artery intracranial atherosclerosis.

Background: Vessel wall plaque high enhancement (HE) may be regarded as an unstable and vulnerable feature of atherosclerosis. We aimed to find differential serum metabolites in ischemic stroke patients with and without HE plaques and establish models to predict plaque enhancement.

Methods: Sixty participants were recruited and divided into HE and non-HE groups.

Advances and challenges in bioproduction of microbial exopolysaccharides: Synthesis mechanisms, engineering strategies, and future perspectives.

Concerns over environmental sustainability, climate change, and energy crisis have significantly increased attention to chemicals and polymers produced by microorganisms. Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) are high molecular-weight polysaccharides with diverse structures secreted by bacteria, fungi, and algae. A broad variety of EPS have been reported and attracted wide interest, especially in the industrial, medical, packaging, and agricultural sectors.

Biological Characterization and Glucosinolate Degradation Mechanisms of BSY82 in Rapeseed Meal.

Glucoside is the main antinutritional factor (ANF) of rapeseed meal. In the present study, a bacterium with high efficiency in degrading rapeseed glucoside was screened from pond water. The initial concentration of 1.

Johnson Solid Gold Nanoclusters as Heterogeneous Visible-Light Photocatalysts for Fukuyama Indole Synthesis.

Despite notable advancements in noble metal photocatalysis, improving catalyst efficiency and recyclability remains a key challenge that needs to be addressed to facilitate large-scale synthetic applications. Herein, we have successfully synthesized bisphosphine-protected gold nanoclusters with a distinctive Johnson solid kernel, which serve as efficient and recyclable heterogeneous photocatalysts for visible-light-driven three-component radical couplings in Fukuyama indole synthesis. In contrast to conventional gold complexes, the newly developed cluster-based catalysts can be easily photoexcited to their triplet states by visible light, enabling single-electron transfer with -acyl oximes, a hitherto unexplored class of electrophiles in gold photocatalysis.

Universal Electrode Based on Ferredoxin-NADP Oxidoreductase Enables Enzymatic Biofuel Cells With Broad Substrate Spectrum.

Enzymatic biofuel cells face substrate limitations due to enzyme specificity of the electrode. A universal electrode was designed by immobilizing ferredoxin-NADP oxidoreductase (FNR) with bacterial cellulose (BC), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and silver nanowires (AgNWs). The electrode coupled with NADPH-dependent malic enzyme or glucose dehydrogenase generated electricity using malic acid and glucose, respectively.

PPP1R15A Promotes Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Inflammatory Response to Exacerbate Ischemic Stroke Through Activation of TLR4/NF-κB Pathway.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a prevalent and serious neurological disorder, and is one of the major contributors to mortality and disability worldwide. The activation of autophagy and the inflammatory response following cerebral ischemia are crucial in the progression of IS. Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 15A (PPP1R15A), as a stress-responsive protein, has been proven to be closely associated with autophagy.

Protecting the brain from stroke: Huoxue Rongluo formula (HXRLF) targets ferroptosis for neuroprotection.

Ethnopharmacological Significance: Huoxue Rongluo Formula (HXRLF) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription widely used to treat ischemic stroke (IS), based on the classical therapeutic principles of nourishing yin and activating blood circulation. Preliminary clinical studies have demonstrated its effectiveness in improving neurological function and prognosis. However, the precise mechanisms by which HXRLF confers neuroprotection, especially its role in modulating ferroptosis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI), remain unclear.

Artificial intelligence-augmented ultrasound diagnosis of follicular-patterned thyroid neoplasms: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Conventional diagnostic tools, including ultrasound, fine-needle aspiration cytology, and intraoperative frozen section pathology, may fail to reliably distinguish between benign and malignant FNs, leading to unnecessary or inadequate surgical interventions. We aimed to develop and validate a deep learning (DL) system for the preoperative diagnosis of follicular-patterned thyroid neoplasms (FNs) using routine ultrasound images, with the goal of improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing unnecessary procedures.

Methods: In this multicenter, retrospective study, we included 3817 patients (2877 [75.

Radical resection of a giant cell tumor of the distal ulna and reconstruction with a 3D-printed distal ulnar prosthesis: A case report.

Rationale: Giant cell tumors (GCTs) of the distal ulna are rare. Despite their benign nature, these tumors can exhibit local aggressiveness and have the potential to recur after undergoing conventional treatment involving curettage and bone grafting. For aggressive GCTs, radical resection is more suitable.

Noninvasive Deep Learning System for Preoperative Diagnosis of Follicular-Like Thyroid Neoplasms Using Ultrasound Images: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study.

Objective: To propose a deep learning (DL) system for the preoperative diagnosis of follicular-like thyroid neoplasms (FNs) using routine ultrasound images.

Summary Background Data: Preoperative diagnosis of malignancy in nodules suspicious for an FN remains challenging. Ultrasound, fine-needle aspiration cytology, and intraoperative frozen section pathology cannot unambiguously distinguish between benign and malignant FNs, leading to unnecessary biopsies and operations in benign nodules.

Association Between Size of Left Ventricle and Long-Term Cardiovascular Events.

Background: The prognostic significance of small left ventricle (LV) in the general population and its association with cardiovascular disease remain elusive.

Methods: Using data from the UK Biobank, 39 363 participants underwent baseline cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and were categorized into 3 groups based on left ventricular end-diastolic volume index: small, normal, and large LV. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to evaluate the association between LV size and composite cardiovascular outcomes.

PARK7 is a Key Regulator of Oxidative Stress - Related Breast Cancer Risk: A Multi-Omics Study.

Oxidative stress (OS) is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of breast cancer (BC). However, its role as a potential etiological factor or trigger remains unclear. This study aims to systematically investigate the potential causal effects and mechanisms of OS-related genes in BC by integrating multi-omics data.

Luteolin Nanomedicine with Stimulus-Driven Traceless Release for Targeting Treatment of Atherosclerosis by Enhancing Lipid Efflux.

Atherosclerotic plaques pose a substantial risk for life-threatening cardiovascular complications due to their propensity to trigger acute clinical events. Foam cell formation, resulting from dysregulated lipid homeostasis, serves as a pivotal pathological hallmark in the progression of atherosclerosis. In this study, we presented a precision therapeutic strategy targeting foam cells of multiple origins.

Evaluation of the ultrasonic arterial measurement and analysis system for predicting 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a reliable indicator of arterial stiffness, predicts cardiovascular events. The arterial stiffness automated measurement system (AMAS) streamlines the measurement of cfPWV, potentially increasing its clinical utility.

The synergistic effect of CQMa421 and deltamethrin improved the insecticidal ability against to .

(Diptera: Tephritidae) is a highly invasive and destructive quarantine pests worldwide. To improved biological control efficiency, reduce chemical pesticides use, and optimise the application of (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) against . This study evaluated the combined toxicity of with deltamethrin and chlorpyrifos.

Proteome-wide Mendelian randomization and colocalization analysis identify therapeutic targets for stroke.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, yet its treatment still faces significant challenges. Mendelian randomization (MR) has been widely used to discover new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This study aimed to identify therapeutic targets for stroke within the plasma proteome range using MR.

Distinct subnetworks of the mouse anterior thalamic nuclei.

Currently, classification of neuron types in the mouse thalamus remains largely incomplete. The anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN), a Papez circuit component, encompass the anterodorsal (AD), anteroventral (AV), and anteromedial (AM) thalamic nuclei. Structurally, the ATN facilitate communication among the neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus.

Serum HBV RNA as a predictive biomarker for HBeAg seroconversion during entecavir and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) affects millions globally and is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) such as entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) are effective in suppressing HBV replication. However, functional cure, defined by HBsAg clearance, remains challenging.

Detection and Characterization of Water Radical Cations by Mass Spectrometry and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

Water radical cations (HO) serve as key reactive intermediates in fundamental chemical processes, atmospheric chemistry, and energy-related applications due to their high reactivity and ability to initiate diverse chemical reactions. In this study, we investigated the generation of water dimer radical cations (/ 36, (HO)) and their reaction products with different substrates using multiple soft ionization techniques. Our comprehensive analytical platform incorporates corona discharge ionization (CDI), electrospray ionization (ESI), dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI), and microwave plasma torch (MPT), coupled with complementary mass analyzers, including ion trap, Orbitrap, and quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) mass spectrometers.