Layer-by-layer assembly mechanism of particulate-continuous phase for sandwich-like nanoparticles in oral colon-targeted protein delivery.

This study investigates the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly behavior of materials based on their interactions and phase states. A novel assembly using oxidized starch nanocrystals (OSNC) as the particulate phase and quaternary ammonium chitosan (QAC) as the continuous phase was developed to form triple-layer particles for targeted and sustained release of lysozyme (LYS). Thermodynamic binding studies revealed weaker OSNC-LYS interaction and strong OSNC-QAC interaction, both significantly influencing encapsulated LYS retention, particularly in the double-layer structure.

Real-world effectiveness and safety of oral azvudine versus Paxlovid in patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing hypertension: a multicentre, retrospective, cohort study in Henan Province, China.

Objectives: Azvudine and Paxlovid are the primary antiviral agents for the management of COVID-19. However, there is currently insufficient evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of these drugs in treating COVID-19 patients with pre-existing hypertension. The objective of this study was to assess their effectiveness and safety among those patients in a real-world context.

Exercise Remodels Akkermansia-Associated Eicosanoid Metabolism to Alleviate Intestinal Senescence: Multi-Omics Insights.

Aerobic exercise mitigates age-related intestinal senescence through gut microbiota modulation, but the underlying mechanism has remained unclear. In this study, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing of gut contents from young, old, and old exercise C57BL/6J mice to assess exercise-induced alterations in microbiota community structure. Differential taxa analyses were applied to reveal age-associated bacterial signatures, gut barrier integrity, and systemic inflammation.

Effectiveness of azvudine versus nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and pre-existing liver diseases.

Background: Azvudine and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir are recommended as priority treatments for SARS-CoV-2 infection in China, but their effectiveness and safety in patients with pre-existing chronic liver diseases remains unknown.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with chronic liver diseases in ten hospitals of Henan Province. Azvudine recipients were 2:1 propensity score matched with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir recipients.

A retrospective cohort study of the efficacy and safety of oral azvudine nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in elderly hospitalized COVID-19 patients aged over 60 years.

Azvudine and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) are recommended for COVID-19 treatment in China, but their safety and efficacy in the elderly population are not fully known. In this multicenter, retrospective, cohort study, we identified 5131 elderly hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 32,864 COVID-19 patients admitted to nine hospitals in Henan Province, China, from December 5, 2022, to January 31, 2023. The primary outcome was all-cause death, and the secondary outcome was composite disease progression.

Reconstruction of the ancient cyanobacterial proto-circadian clock system KaiABC.

Earlier in its history, the Earth used to spin faster than it does today. How ancient organisms adapted to the short day/night cycles during that time remains unclear. In this study we reconstruct and analyse the ancient circadian clock system KaiABC (anKaiABC) of cyanobacteria that existed ~0.

Efficacy and safety of azvudine versus nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in cancer patients with COVID-19.

Cancer significantly contributes to the unfavorable prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The efficacy and safety of azvudine and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) in cancer patients with COVID-19 remain uncertain. Therefore, we designed a comprehensive retrospective study encompassing clinical data of 32,864 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 691 of whom were cancer patients treated with azvudine and 200 were cancer patients treated with Paxlovid.

A multicenter, real-world cohort study: effectiveness and safety of Azvudine in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pre-existing diabetes.

Introduction: During the Omicron infection wave, diabetic patients are susceptible to COVID-19, which is linked to a poor prognosis. However, research on the real-world effectiveness and safety of Azvudine, a common medication for COVID-19, is insufficient in those with pre-existing diabetes.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we included 32,864 hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 9 hospitals in Henan Province.

Real-world effectiveness and safety of oral Azvudine versus Paxlovid for COVID-19 in patients with kidney disease: a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study.

Background: Patients with kidney disease (KD) are at high risk of contracting COVID-19 and developing severe disease. There is still a lack of guidance regarding the treatment of COVID-19 in patients with KD. The safety and effectiveness of Azvudine in treating COVID-19 patients with KD remain unknown.

Real-world effectiveness of azvudine versus nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing diabetes.

Azvudine and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir are prioritized treatments for SARS-CoV-2 infection in China, but their effectiveness and safety in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing diabetes remains unknown. In this retrospective cohort study, we collected 32,864 hospitalized COVID-19 patients from nine hospitals, among which 636 azvudine recipients and 318 nirmatrelvir-ritonavir recipients were enrolled for final analysis after exclusion and propensity score matching. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analysis results showed that azvudine had a lower risk of all-cause death compared with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing diabetes (log rank:  = 0.

The Antiviral Efficacy and Safety of Azvudine in Hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients with Liver Diseases Based on a Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study.

Despite azvudine being prioritized for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, its effectiveness and safety remain inadequately substantiated in hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with liver diseases. A retrospective nine-center cohort study along with an independent validation cohort is conducted to examine the efficacy of azvudine (Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT06349655). The primary outcome is all-cause mortality and the secondary outcome is composite disease progression.

Effectiveness and Safety of Oral Azvudine for Elderly Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19: A Multicenter, Retrospective, Real-World Study.

Azvudine is recommended as a priority treatment for patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) during Omicron wave in China, but its efficacy and safety in elderly patients is unknown. In this multicenter, retrospective study, we identified 19763 elderly patients (aged over 60 years) with COVID-19 from nine hospitals in Henan Province, China. The primary outcome is all-cause death and the secondary outcome is composite disease progression.

Real-world effectiveness and safety of oral azvudine versus nirmatrelvir‒ritonavir (Paxlovid) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study.

Azvudine and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (Paxlovid) were widely used to treat patients with COVID-19 in China during the Omicron wave. However, the efficacy and safety of azvudine versus Paxlovid are poorly established. This study included 40,876 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 from eleven hospitals in Henan and Xinjiang Provinces, China.

Real-world effectiveness and safety of azvudine in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Azvudine has been designated as a priority treatment for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, however, clinical evidence in hospitalized cases remains insufficient.

Methods: We performed a multi-center, retrospective cohort study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of azvudine in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 in China (NCT06349655). Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression model, subgroup analysis, and seven sensitive analyses were employed.

Multiplex influences on vigilance and biochemical variables induced by sleep deprivation.

Introduction: Sleep loss and sleep deprivation (SD) cause deleterious influences on health, cognition, mood and behaviour. Nevertheless, insufficient sleep and SD are prevalent across many industries and occur in various emergencies. The deleterious consequences of SD have yet to be fully elucidated.

Immune-inflammatory biomarkers for the occurrence of MACE in patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries.

Background: Neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR), monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), lymphocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (LHR), platelet-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI) have been identified as immune-inflammatory biomarkers associated with the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship of these biomarkers with the prognosis of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) remains unclear.

Method: Patients with MINOCA who underwent coronary angiography at the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force were included in our study.

Effect of cellulase on antioxidant activity and flavor of Rosa roxburghii Tratt.

Cellulase can increase the soluble dietary fiber (SDF) content in Rosa roxburghii Tratt (RRT), but the effects on polyphenol content, bioactivity, and flavor are unknown. This study analyzed the changes in SDF content, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and flavor before and after cellulase treatment. Cellulase treatment increased the SDF and total phenolic content of RRT by 13 % (P < 0.

Simulated space environmental factors of weightlessness, noise and low atmospheric pressure differentially affect the diurnal rhythm and the gut microbiome.

The circadian clock extensively regulates physiology and behavior. In space, astronauts encounter many environmental factors that are dramatically different from those on Earth; however, the effects of these factors on circadian rhythms and the mechanisms remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the changes in the mouse diurnal rhythm and gut microbiome under simulated space capsule conditions, including microgravity, noise and low atmospheric pressure (LAP).

Serum food specific IgG antibodies are associated with small bowel inflammation in patients with Crohn's disease.

Background/aims: Food antigens are thought to play a vital role in the initiation and perpetuation of Crohn's disease (CD). The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential association of serum food specific IgG antibodies and small bowel (SB) inflammation in CD patients.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study with 96 CD patients.

Differential regulation of phosphorylation, structure, and stability of circadian clock protein FRQ isoforms.

Neurospora crassa is an important model organism for circadian clock research. The Neurospora core circadian component FRQ protein has two isoforms, large FRQ (l-FRQ) and small FRQ (s-FRQ), of which l-FRQ bears an additional N-terminal 99-amino acid fragment. However, how the FRQ isoforms operate differentially in regulating the circadian clock remains elusive.

Comprehensive detrimental effects of a simulated frequently shifting schedule on diurnal rhythms and vigilance.

Accumulating data have demonstrated that shift work causes a disturbance in circadian rhythms, which is detrimental to physiology and performance. However, the detailed effects of shift work and especially the underlying mechanisms remain to be further investigated. Frequently shifting schedules are widely used in industries, e.

Multi-omics analysis of biomarkers and molecular mechanism of rheumatoid arthritis with bone destruction.

Objectives: Our study aimed to elucidate the role of metabolites, bacteria, and fungi in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with bone destruction (BD(+)) and identify some biomarkers to predicate bone progression of RA.

Methods: Plasma metabolites of the 127 RA patients and 69 healthy controls were conducted by using nontargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The gut bacteria and fungi were assessed by 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS).

Investment Behavior Related to Automated Machines and Biased Technical Change: Based on Evidence From Listed Manufacturing Companies in China.

This paper studies the impact of a recent increase in the ratio of automated machines to ordinary capital (RAMOC) on the bias of technical change in the manufacturing industry and the mechanism influencing this. Using panel data of A-share listed manufacturing companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2012 to 2019, combined with the Xtfrontier model and -log production function, we measure the index of the bias of technical change of the manufacturing industry in China. Furthermore, we adopt a fixed effects model to test the impact of an increase of investment in automated machines on the bias of technical change.

An adaptive hybrid XdeepFM based deep Interest network model for click-through rate prediction system.

Recent advances in communication enable individuals to use phones and computers to access information on the web. E-commerce has seen rapid development, e.g.