triggers type I interferon signaling to promote host defense against infection via mTORC1 activation.

Multidrug-resistant , a prevalent opportunistic pathogen in hospitals, presents a substantial risk to immunocompromised patients, triggering life-threatening conditions including pneumonia, bacteremia, and sepsis, which can be fatal. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new therapeutic strategies to combat and eradicate multidrug-resistant infection. Our finding reveals that promotes the mice treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to defend against multidrug-resistant infection via the mTORC1-IFN-I signaling pathway.

Pyrolysis-Controlled Engineering of Nickel-Nitrogen-Carbon Catalytic Sites on Carbon Supports for Robust and Selective CO Electroreduction to CO.

Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction (CORR) to carbon monoxide (CO) represents a sustainable pathway for closing the carbon cycle. In this study, polymerized nickel phthalocyanine (NiPPc) was employed as a molecular precursor and immobilized onto a highly conductive Ketjenblack (KB) carbon support through ultrasonic-assisted deposition, forming a NiPPc-KB composite catalyst. The carbon-nitrogen coordination environment was systematically tailored by controlled annealing to optimize the catalytic performance.

Porous Hydrogel Electrolytes with Enhanced Ionic Conductivity for High-Power-Density Flexible Zinc-Air Batteries.

Solid-state electrolytes are critical components in flexible zinc-air batteries, significantly influencing their overall performance. Traditional hydrogels, however, exhibit limited ion transmission rates, restricting their utility in these batteries. To address this issue, a porous hydrogel electrolyte composed of Polyacrylamide(PAM) and fabricated through SiO etching inspired by onion cell tissue was developed.

TBK1 phagosomal recruitment enhances antifungal immunity via positive feedback regulation with SRC.

TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a versatile serine/threonine protein kinase that is mainly recognized for its canonical role in antiviral immunity through interferon induction. Here, we report a previously uncharacterized function for TBK1 in antifungal defense. Using proteomic analysis, we identified TBK1 as a phagosome-directed protein after fungal infection, and biochemical analysis revealed that TBK1 is directly recruited to the phagosome by SHP2 in a process driven by SRC-mediated phosphorylation.

RNF213 regulates blood‒brain barrier integrity by targeting TRAF3 for type I interferon activation during A. baumannii infection.

RNF213 is the first identified susceptibility gene for moyamoya disease, and the encoded protein was recently recognized as a key antimicrobial protein. However, the function of RNF213 in host defense against brain infection remains unclear. Here, we show that increased expression of Rnf213 is significantly regulated by interferon alpha/beta receptor (IFNAR) signaling during bacterial infection and ligand stimulation.

Listerin Alleviates Alzheimer's Disease through IRE1-mediated Decay of TLR4 mRNA.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, accounting for ≈60-70% of all dementia cases worldwide. Microglial-mediated brain inflammation is thought to play key roles in AD progression. Clinical evidence and animal models have indicated that the ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) component Listerin is involved in the development of AD.

A tombus-like virus in patients with lower respiratory tract infection: an observational study based on meta-transcriptomic sequencing.

The identification of a novel virus related to the family , provisionally named human tombus-like virus (hTLV), is significant in the context of ongoing surveillance for respiratory pathogens. Meta-transcriptomic sequencing was utilized to detect respiratory pathogens in patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRIs) in Jinan, China, from 2022 to 2023. The additional hTLV infections were identified through retrospective analysis of meta-transcriptome data collected in Beijing, China, from 2016 to 2019, prior to the COVID-19 outbreak.

Lipid droplets restrict phagosome formation in antifungal immunity.

Lipid droplets (LDs) are intracellular organelles that can be induced and interact with phagosomes during the process of pathogen phagocytosis in macrophages. However, the function of LDs in phagocytosis remains elusive. Here, we unveil the role of LDs in modulating phagosome formation via a fungal infection model.

China-UK Global Health Collaboration Project on Strengthening Public Health Capacity in Sierra Leone.

Since 2016, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has continued to conduct project to assist Sierra Leone in improving its public health capacity and building a laboratory for bacteriological and parasitic diseases. Firstly, we can understand the epidemiological characteristics, etiological characteristics and drug resistance of important infectious diseases in Africa through this project, and provide services and guarantees for the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative. Secondly, the project is to carry out scientific research cooperation on the monitoring and detection capacity of major infectious diseases, biosecurity, and prevention and control technologies for important infectious diseases.

Assessment of the Public Health Laboratory Capacity - Sierra Leone, 2021.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Public health laboratories (PHLs) are critical for effectively identifying, detecting, preventing, and responding to emerging and reemerging infectious diseases. Following the 2014 Ebola outbreak, Sierra Leone implemented a national laboratory strategic plan (2015-2020) aimed at creating, strengthening, and maintaining laboratory capacities for detecting, assessing, notifying, and reporting incidents, with a requirement to review PHL capabilities every five years.

What Is Added By This Report?: This study assessed the comprehensive capacity and personnel status of PHLs in Sierra Leone using a standardized assessment tool following the implementation of the 2015 National Laboratory Strategic Plan.

Directly Grown Polyimide Covalent Organic Framework Films with High Electrochromic and Energy-Storage Performance.

Two dimensional covalent organic framework (2D COF) films based on triphenylamine are considered to be promising electrochromic and energy-storage materials owing to their interlayer π-π electron delocalization, one-dimensional (1D) nanopores, and stable chemical structures. Triphenylamine-based 2D COF electrochromic films, nevertheless, rarely exhibit transparency and high optical contrast, which severely limited the scope of their application. In this work, two directly grown triphenylamine-based polyimide 2D COF films, TAPA-PMDA and TAPA-NTCDA PI COF, were prepared through solvothermal technology.

A comparative study on the thermal runaway process mechanism of a pouch cell based on Li-rich layered oxide cathodes with different activation degrees.

Li-rich layered oxide (LLO) is regarded as one of the most promising candidates for the next-generation batteries. At present, most of the research studies are focusing on the normal electrochemical properties of LLOs, while safety issues of the cells are neglected. To address this problem, this article systematically investigates the thermal runaway (TR) process of the pouch cell based on LLOs and elucidates how different activation degrees influence the thermal stability of the cathode material and cell, through various thermal analysis methods.

Insights into ubiquitinome dynamics in the host‒pathogen interplay during Francisella novicida infection.

Ubiquitination functions as an important posttranslational modification for orchestrating inflammatory immune responses and cell death during pathogenic infection. The ubiquitination machinery is a major target hijacked by pathogenic bacteria to promote their survival and proliferation. Type I interferon (IFN-I) plays detrimental roles in host defense against Francisella novicida (F.

New information about the cyclable capacity fading process of a pouch cell with Li-rich layered oxide cathodes.

Most studies investigate the cyclable capacity fading mechanism of Li-rich layered oxides (LLOs) from the microscopic structure level, lacking discussions about how the structure degradation influences the performance of the pouch cell precisely and quantitatively. Based on the analysis of the evolution of key parameters during the whole cycling period, a new transition-type fading mechanism is proposed. From the early-to-middle stage of the cycling period, polarization increases, most of which is interface-related, causing about 67% of the whole capacity loss.

NCF4 attenuates colorectal cancer progression by modulating inflammasome activation and immune surveillance.

The spatiotemporal regulation of inflammasome activation remains unclear. To examine the mechanism underlying the assembly and regulation of the inflammasome response, here we perform an immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry analysis of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and identify NCF4/1/2 as ASC-binding proteins. Reduced NCF4 expression is associated with colorectal cancer development and decreased five-year survival rate in patients with colorectal cancer.

OTUD5 promotes the inflammatory immune response by enhancing MyD88 oligomerization and Myddosome formation.

Myddosome is an oligomeric complex required for the transmission of inflammatory signals from TLR/IL1Rs and consists of MyD88 and IRAK family kinases. However, the molecular basis for the self-assemble of Myddosome proteins and regulation of intracellular signaling remains poorly understood. Here, we identify OTUD5 acts as an essential regulator for MyD88 oligomerization and Myddosome formation.

Design and Mechanism Study of High-Safety and Long-Life Electrolyte for High-Energy-Density Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Although nonflammable electrolytes are beneficial for battery safety, they often adversely affect the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries due to their poor compatibility with electrodes. Herein, we design a nonflammable electrolyte consisting of cyclic carbonate and 2,2-difluoroethyl acetate (DFEA) solvents paired with several surface-film-forming additives, significantly improving the safety and cycling performance of NMC811||SiO/graphite pouch cells. The DFEA solvent exhibits not only good flame retardancy but also lower lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy, promoting the formation of a robust inorganic-rich and gradient-architecture hybrid interface between the SiO/graphite anode and electrolyte.

TRIM26 alleviates fatal immunopathology by regulating inflammatory neutrophil infiltration during Candida infection.

Fungal infections have emerged as a major concern among immunocompromised patients, causing approximately 2 million deaths each year worldwide. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying antifungal immunity remain elusive and require further investigation. The E3 ligase Trim26 belongs to the tripartite motif (Trim) protein family, which is involved in various biological processes, including cell proliferation, antiviral innate immunity, and inflammatory responses.

Surface modification of rare earth Sm-doped WO films through polydopamine for enhanced electrochromic energy storage performance.

Electrochromic materials (ECMs) could exhibit reversible color changes upon application of the external electric field, which exhibits huge application prospects in smart windows, energy storage devices, and displays. For the practical application of ECMs, the fast response speed and long cyclic stability are urgent. In this work, the nanoporous Sm-doped WO (WSm) films were constructed using hydrothermal technology, then polydopamine (PDA) was modified on the surface of WSm film to obtain the WSm/Px (x = 0.