ApoE4 Upregulates GSK-3β to Aggravate Alzheimer-Like Pathologies and Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Background: The apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 allele and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are independent risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly. The T2DM patients carrying the ApoE ε4 allele exhibit heightened activation of platelet glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), a key downstream kinase in the insulin signaling pathway, along with more severe cognitive deficits. This observation suggests an intrinsic link between ApoE ε4, GSK-3β, and cognitive dysfunction.

Integrated screening identifies GPR31 as a key driver and druggable target for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a globally prevalent but intractable disease lacking effective pharmacotherapies. Here, we performed an integrated multilayered screening for pathogenic genes and druggable targets for MASH. We identified the subclass of metabolite-sensing G protein-coupled receptors, specifically GPR31, a critical contributor to MASH occurrence, which, to our knowledge, was previously uncharacterized.

A case of rare fungal keratitis caused by Pseudoshiraia conidialis.

Rationale: Pseudoshiraia conidialis is a filamentous fungus that belongs to the Shiraiaceae family. We report a rare case of fungal keratitis caused by P conidialis.

Patient Concerns: A 61-year-old female accidentally scratched her right eye with a bamboo branch, presenting with conjunctival congestion in the right eye, corneal ulcer with edema endothelial folds, anterior chamber exudation hypopyon, and lens opacity.

AI-powered technologies in physical education: impact on physical and psycho-emotional well-being of students.

The main research goal is to analyze artificial intelligence (AI) technologies integrated into college physical education and their impact on the physical and psycho-emotional well-being of students, as well as their satisfaction with physical training. The research involved 328 students, randomly divided into control and training groups. The control group followed the traditional methods of physical education, and the training group used AI-powered technologies.

Efficacy of bevacizumab maintenance therapy in advanced ovarian cancer.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of bevacizumab maintenance therapy in advanced ovarian cancer and its impact on the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) pathway. A total of 126 patients were enrolled, divided into two groups: control (n=62) and study (n=64). The control group received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tumor debulking surgery, and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.

Preferred screw placement area identified by imaging based quadrant and heatmap analysis for long screw fixation in Ogawa I coracoid process fractures.

Ogawa I coracoid process fractures are relatively rare. Surgical fixation requires precise determination of the screw length and direction to avoid iatrogenic injuries. Identifying the preferred screw placement area (PSPA) through imaging techniques is crucial for enhancing surgical safety and stability.

Population-specific brain charts reveal Chinese-Western differences in neurodevelopmental trajectories.

Human brain charts provide unprecedented opportunities for decoding neurodevelopmental milestones and establishing clinical benchmarks for precision brain medicine . However, current lifespan brain charts are primarily derived from European and North American cohorts, with Asian populations severely underrepresented. Here, we present the first population-specific brain charts for China, developed through the Chinese Lifespan Brain Mapping Consortium (Phase I) using neuroimaging data from 43,037 participants (aged 0-100 years) across 384 sites nationwide.

Single-nucleus profiling of the left ventricle of the mouse heart after chronic stress.

It is widely accepted that stress and cardiac disease are related, but the exact mechanism is still up for debate. Although stress has been scientifically confirmed as a causative factor, there is still a lack of qualitative and quantitative indicator systems for stress-induced cardiac injury. The forensic evidence frequently indicates that cases of sudden cardiac death are often preceded by prolonged exposure to chronic stress factors.

Enhanced electrooxidation of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances on Boron doped diamond anode in the presence of vacuum ultraviolet irradiation.

Degradation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) via photochemical and electrochemical methods is of great interest in persistent organic pollutants treatment. This study systematically evaluated the degradation of two representative PFASs, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), on boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode combined with vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation. Although VUV irradiation did not show effectiveness on PFOA and PFHxA removal, it greatly enhanced the degradation efficiency of PFOA and PFHxA in electrooxidation (EO) system.

Performance Evaluation of a Custom-Designed Contrast Media Injector in a 5-Tesla MRI Environment.

The compatibility and safety of contrast media injectors (CMIs) at ultra-high magnetic field strengths remains a critical challenge. This study aimed to investigate a custom-designed CMI powered by a ceramic motor in a newly developed 5T MRI environment, comparing it with a commercial CMI commonly used in a clinic. Three key performance aspects of the CMI were assessed in the 5T environment: translational attraction force, injection flow rates, and total injected volume.

Advances in MCFA to ameliorate lipoatrophic hepatocyte injury and lipid metabolism disorders (Review).

With the improvement in the material standard of living of individuals and a decrease in physical activity, which has led to a significant increase in the incidence of obesity and its related metabolic diseases, non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly becoming one of the more common metabolic disorders of the liver that threatens public health. Lipid deposits in the liver cause simple hepatic steatosis to develop into non‑alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which causes severe damage to the organism; however, the key mechanisms responsible for the progression of NASH remain unclear. Therefore, the active and effective correction of the imbalance of energy metabolism in the organism is a common health challenge for humans.

The Oxytocin Neurons in the Paraventricular Nucleus Are Essential for Chronic Sleep Deprivation-Mediated Anxiety-Related Behaviors.

Aims: Sleep disorders increase the risk of anxiety disorders. The underlying mechanisms and potential targets remain poorly understood. Our research aimed to discover the essential role of oxytocin neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN neurons) in regulating anxiety-related behaviors following chronic sleep deprivation (cSD).

The impact of negative life events on psychological capital, perceived social support and prosocial behavior in medical students: a moderated mediation model.

Background: Prosocial behavior is an essential quality for medical students and reflects the development of future professional values. This study aims to investigate the roles of perceived social support and psychological capital in the prosocial behaviors of medical students while also testing the moderating effect of negative life events.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from July to October 2023 among 1940 medical students in Jiangsu Province, using a questionnaire composed of the Prosocial Tendencies Measurement Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and the Adolescent Life Events Scale.

Intergenerational differences in turnover intention of nurses: a cross-sectional survey in Jiangsu province, China.

Purpose: This study aimed to learn the turnover intention of nurses in the workplace and analyze the influencing factors, commonalities, and differences from the perspective of intergenerational differences.

Methods: Between 4 September and 5 October 2023, a stratified cluster sampling was conducted among 2299 nurses at 16 tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province in China, using the questionnaire composited of General sociodemographic information, Work-Family Conflict Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, Resilience Scale, and Turnover Intention Scale. SPSS v26.

Ethnobotanical Use, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicity of .

() is a significant traditional Chinese medicine that has been used to treat hiccups, vomiting, nausea, amenorrhea, chronic dysentery, larynx arthralgia, lumbago, and inflammatory diseases in Asia for a long history. Although the chemical composition of has been reported, no thorough review of has been published. Therefore, the present study aimed to comprehensively analyze the ethnobotanical use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity of .

Single-cell transcriptomics reveal the effects of chemoimmunotherapy on hypopharyngeal cancer and its tumor microenvironment.

Induction chemoimmunotherapy (ICIT) has emerged as a potential treatment option for resectable hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC), while its effectiveness remains limited to a significant portion of HPC cases, and a major challenge behind lies in the lack of reliable molecular markers to identify treatment-resistant patients. In this study, we analyzed biopsy samples of HPC patients collected before and after ICIT, classifying them based on treatment response. By investigating the tumor microenvironment (TME) at the single-cell level, we demonstrated that the heterogeneity within the TME is closely linked to different treatment outcomes.

Nomogram prediction of molecular characteristics in WHO grade 3-4 diffuse gliomas based on fractal analysis and VASARI features.

Effective prediction of molecular features is crucial for the prognostic assessment of glioma patients. This study aims to develop a nomogram model using fractal analysis and Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images (VASARI) features to predict the molecular characteristics of WHO Grade 3-4 diffuse gliomas. Retrospective analysis of clinical data and VASARI features of patients with WHO grade 3-4 diffuse gliomas confirmed by pathology between January 2020 and December 2023 at our institution.

Immuno-PET Imaging of a Ga-Labeled Single-Domain Antibody for Detecting Tumor TIGIT Expression.

Preclinical studies have shown that the expression of T cell immunoglobulin and the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) in the tumor microenvironment is associated with the efficacy of anti-TIGIT-based immunotherapy. This study aimed to develop a TIGIT single-domain antibody (sdAb)-based positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer, [Ga]Ga-NOTA-NABT3A1, and evaluate its characteristics. The NABT3A1 was modified with a NOTA derivative and radiolabeled with Ga.

Design and Characterization of a Self-Oscillating Fluxgate-Based Current Sensor for DC Distribution System Applications.

Fluxgate-based current sensors are usually implemented for DC current detection, but their complex structure and circuits with large volume and high cost have been limiting their applications. This paper presents a low-cost sensor with a one-core-three-winding structure that can be suitable for integrated measurement in distribution system applications. Based on a self-oscillating scheme, the new sensor introduces an induction winding to suppress the noise caused by the transformer effect instead of adding more magnetic cores.

Glymphatic system dysfunction and cerebrospinal fluid retention in gliomas: evidence from perivascular space diffusion and volumetric analysis.

Background: Gliomas may impair glymphatic function and alter cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics through structural brain changes, potentially affecting peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) and fluid clearance. This study investigated the impact of gliomas on glymphatic system function and CSF volume via diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which clarified the relationships between tumor characteristics and glymphatic system disruption.

Methods: In this prospective study, 112 glioma patients and 56 healthy controls underwent MRI to calculate DTI-ALPS indices and perform volumetric analyses of CSF, tumor, and PTBE.

Early outcomes of modified hockey-stick medial plate in the treatment of Schatzker IV-VI tibial plateau fractures: a retrospective controlled study.

Background: Schatzker IV-VI tibial plateau fractures usually happen in the weight-bearing part of the knee joint. They are hard to fix with traditional methods because they damage soft tissues and make it hard to get back to normal activities. This study introduces a modified hockey-stick medial plate (mHSMP) designed to improve functional outcomes while reducing surgical complexity.

Associated Factors and Pulmonary Function Outcomes of Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry: A Scoping Review.

Background: Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) is a common but understudied abnormal pulmonary function state and is strongly associated with poor health outcomes. However, there is a lack of uniformity in defining the factors and pulmonary function outcomes associated with PRISm.

Objective: This scoping review aims to elucidate the associated factors and pulmonary function outcomes of PRISm, thereby enhancing healthcare professionals' understanding of PRISm and laying the groundwork for its prevention and treatment.

3D time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography of lenticulostriate artery imaging at 5.0 Tesla: a hierarchic analysis method and clinical applications.

Background: Lenticulostriate artery (LSA) arteriosclerosis is a key pathological basis for cerebrovascular diseases including stroke and cerebral small vessel disease. However, the comprehensive visualization and the meticulous quantitative analysis of the entire spectrum of LSA branches remain an ongoing clinical challenge. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of LSA branch detection using ultra-high field clinical 5.

The role of Npt1 in regulating antifungal protein activity in filamentous fungi.

Pathogenic filamentous fungi pose a significant threat to global food security and human health. The limitations of available antifungal agents, including resistance and toxicity, highlight the need for developing innovative antifungal strategies. Antifungal proteins (AFPs) are a class of secreted small proteins that exhibit potent antifungal activity against filamentous fungi, yet the underlying mechanism remains partially understood.