Prediction of the Thermochemical Properties of Nitrogen-Containing Species: A Quantum Chemical Calculation and Group Additivity Approach.

With the growing demand for nitrogen-containing sustainable fuels and propellants, accurately predicting their thermochemical properties has become increasingly important. While quantum chemical calculation (QC) methods and calorimetric experiments offer high precision, they are often time-consuming and computationally intensive. In contrast, the group additivity (GA) method provides a faster alternative.

Psychoactive substances: novel molecular insights and therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major neurodegenerative disorder that causes severe cognitive decline and poses a significant burden on global health systems. Despite extensive research, effective treatments to stop neurodegeneration or promote neuronal regeneration in AD remain elusive. Psychoactive substances as modulators of neurophysiological functions, have received increased attention in research.

Integrated Experimental-Numerical Analysis of HTPB Propellant Casting Optimization and Droplet Dynamics.

The rheological properties of the propellant slurry and droplet dynamics during the casting process play a critical role in the manufacturing of propellants. This study systematically investigated the rheological characteristics of a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based composite solid propellant slurry and optimized the vacuum casting process through integrated experimental and numerical simulation approaches. Rheological tests revealed shear-thinning behavior, with the Herschel-Bulkley model parameters confirming non-Newtonian fluid characteristics.

AAV gene therapy for autosomal recessive deafness 9: a single-arm trial.

Gene therapy for congenital deafness has shown promising results in children but lacks data in older populations. We conducted a single-arm trial of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-OTOF gene therapy using the Anc80L65 capsid in ten participants with autosomal recessive deafness 9 aged 1.5 to 23.

Research on curing reaction kinetics and curing process of hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) propellants.

Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) propellants are high-performance solid propellants widely used in aerospace and military applications. By combining experimental and theoretical approaches, the curing process was analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to obtain reaction data at various heating rates. A thermochemical model and a finite-element model were developed to simulate the curing process, revealing the evolution of temperature and curing degree.

Radiotherapy as an organ-preserving alternative to surgery in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma achieving major pathologic response after induction immunochemotherapy.

With the advancement of immunotherapy, neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy has emerged as an effective approach for treating locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC). However, whether radiotherapy can serve as a reliable organ-preserving alternative following induction immunochemotherapy (IICT), and which patient subgroups benefit most, remains uncertain. In this retrospective study, 388 patients with LA-ESCC were analyzed, including 299 who underwent surgery and 89 who received radiotherapy after IICT.

A pathologic classification approach in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy: Distinguishing postoperative outcomes and exploring the potential benefit of adjuvant therapy.

Background: Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy has demonstrated promising efficacy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), yet the role of adjuvant therapy remains unclear. This study aimed to develop a pathologic classification scheme to distinguish postoperative outcomes and explore the potential benefit of adjuvant therapy.

Methods: This study retrospectively collected data on patients with locally advanced ESCC who underwent radical esophagectomy after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy between 2019 and 2022.

Single-cell profiling identifies hair cell SLC35F1 deficiency as a signature of primate cochlear aging.

Cochlear aging causes substantial hearing impairment in older adults, yet primate-specific mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Our comprehensive analysis combining single-cell and histopathological profiling in aging Macaca fascicularis demonstrates progressive cochlear degeneration featuring accelerated sensory hair cell loss, senescent spiral ganglion neurons with elevated neuroinflammation, and marked stria vascularis atrophy. We discovered that downregulation of transmembrane transport proteins, particularly SLC35F1, serves as a critical biomarker of hair cell aging.

In Situ Generation of Ni Nanoparticles on Al Powder Surface via F-Ion-Mediated Oxide Layer Disruption: Enhanced the Energy Release of Oxidizer/Al Composite Energetic Microunits.

Designing stable and efficient catalysts is always an immeasurable challenge. It is difficult to achieve efficient dispersion and effective catalysis of catalysts by traditional mixing method. In this study, fuel-catalyst composites with high performance are prepared and aluminum fluoride (AlF) encapsulation of nickel (Ni) nanoparticles is also achieved, and it leads to a significant increase in the peak heat flow and heat release during the thermal oxidation process.

CT-based deep learning model for improved disease-free survival prediction in clinical stage I lung cancer: a real-world multicenter study.

Objectives: To develop a deep learning (DL) model for predicting disease-free survival (DFS) in clinical stage I lung cancer patients who underwent surgical resection using pre-treatment CT images, and further validate it in patients receiving stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort of 2489 clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with operation (2015-2017) was enrolled to develop a DL-based DFS prediction model. Tumor features were extracted from CT images using a three-dimensional convolutional neural network.

CuO-CuX NPs rich in oxygen vacancies modulated by halogen ions and their application in photocatalytic degradation.

Oxygen vacancies (OVs) are one of the most important strategies to modulate the photocatalytic properties of nanomaterials, but usually the preparation of OVs is complicated and difficult, so the development of a simple, gentle, and efficient method to prepare OVs is crucial. Herein, Cu/CuO NPs with a small number of OVs were prepared initially by a one-step reduction method. Then, with the addition of halogen ions (F, Cl, Br, and I), CuO-CuX NPs enriched with OVs were obtained at room temperature.

Early radiotherapy improved survival of patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer treated with first-line chemo-immunotherapy.

Background And Purpose: This real-world study aimed to investigate the efficacy of early radiotherapy (RT) in ES-SCLC patients treated with first-line chemo-immunotherapy.

Materials And Methods: ES-SCLC patients were enrolled from August 2018 to October 2023. Patients who received early radiotherapy before disease progression were defined as Early RT group, while the others, named Salvage and Non-RT (S&N RT) group.

mRNA metabolism regulator human antigen R (HuR) regulates age-related hearing loss in aged mice.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is among the most prevalent and complex disorders in older adults. However, the pathogenesis of ARHL remains poorly understood. Using a single-cell transcriptomic landscape of mouse cochlea at five time points (1, 2, 5, 12 and 15 months), we found that the levels of human antigen R (HuR)-a classical RNA-binding protein-increase with age.

Research on Passivation Simulation of Plasticizer N-Butylnitroxyethylnitramine (BuNENA) in Hydroxy-Terminated Polyether (HTPE) Propellants.

N-butylnitroxyethylnitramine (BuNENA) is a high-energy plasticizer with high plasticizing ability, low sensitivity, and high energy. It has broad application prospects in HTPE propellants. Nevertheless, as an energetic plasticizer, it requires treatment to reduce its sensitivity.

Presbycusis: Pathology, Signal Pathways, and Therapeutic Strategy.

Presbycusis, also known as age-related hearing loss (ARHL), is a progressive auditory impairment and ranks among the most prevalent sensory disorders in the elderly population. It is primarily caused by damage to hair cells, degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons, and atrophy of the stria vascularis, which are integral components of the cochlea. While extensive research has been devoted to hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons, this review focuses on the critical role of the stria vascularis in ARHL.

Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry Reveals Exosomal LAMC1 as a Key Determinant of Lung Adenocarcinoma Radiosensitivity, Independent of EGFR Mutation.

Aim: This study is formulated to reveal the variables affecting the radio-sensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Background: LUAD patients show varied radiotherapy responses. While epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are often used to predict sensitivity, their reliability is debated, underscoring the need for better biomarkers.

Clinical practice guidelines for perioperative multimodality treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Lung cancer is currently the most prevalent malignancy and the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Although the early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents a relatively good prognosis, a considerable number of lung cancer cases are still detected and diagnosed at locally advanced or late stages. Surgical treatment combined with perioperative multimodality treatment is the mainstay of treatment for locally advanced NSCLC and has been shown to improve patient survival.

A biomarker framework for auditory system aging: the Aging Biomarker Consortium consensus statement.

Hearing is one of the most vital sensory functions in human beings and a crucial means of perceiving and acquiring information from the natural environment. The advancement of human society is closely linked to the development of language, with hearing serving as the foundation for verbal communication. As individuals age, the deterioration of the auditory system becomes a significant factor contributing to sensory impairments in the elderly.

Lung Cancer Screening Classification by Sequential Multi-Instance Learning (SMILE) Framework With Multiple CT Scans.

Lung cancer screening with computed tomography (CT) scans can effectively improve the survival rate through the early detection of lung cancer, which typically identified in the form of pulmonary nodules. Multiple sequential CT images are helpful to determine nodule malignancy and play a significant role to detect lung cancers. It is crucial to develop effective lung cancer classification algorithms to achieve accurate results from multiple images without nodule location annotations, which can free radiologists from the burden of labeling nodule locations before predicting malignancy.

TNFAIP8L2 maintains hair cell function and regulates age-related hearing loss via mTORC1 signaling.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is one of the most prevalent and complex disorders. Our previous study demonstrated that abnormal activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling in the cochlear neurosensory epithelium causes auditory hair cell (HC) damage and contributes to ARHL. However, the underlying mechanism of mTORC1 activation remains unclear.

Lycium barbarum Glycopeptide Alleviates Neomycin-Induced Ototoxicity by Inhibiting Tryptophan Hydroxylase-Mediated Serotonin Biosynthesis.

Aminoglycoside antibiotic-induced sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a common sensory disorder that requires the development of prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. Lycium barbarum glycopeptide (LBGP) is a peptidoglycan isolated and purified from Lycium barbarum polysaccharides that exhibit significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects, but the role of LBGP in aminoglycoside-induced SNHL has not been well investigated. Here it is shown that LBGP can protect against neomycin-induced hearing impairment and alleviate oxidative stress in a neomycin-induced SNHL mouse model.

Loss of Cep135 causes oligoasthenoteratozoospermia and male infertility in mice.

Centrosomal proteins (Cep), as crucial scaffolding molecules, play a pivotal role in the biogenesis of centrioles and the regulation of the cell cycle. To date, mutation in Cep135 has been reported to be closely associated with multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella (MMAF) in humans. However, the specific mechanism of Cep135 in spermatogenesis and its detailed role in male infertility remains largely unexplored.

Copper-doped NH-metal-organic frameworks as co-reactant modulating units for a sensitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.

A facile electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor for the sensitive detection of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was constructed based on a co-reactant modulating strategy using a Cu-modified NH-metal-organic framework (NMOF@Cu) nanoprobe as a modulating unit. The biconical NMOF@Cu nanoprobe possessed a large number of carboxyl groups, which could be labeled by the target PSA to form a PSA-NMOF@Cu conjugate. Moreover, the nanoprobe could consume K[Fe(CN)], resulting in a lower signal of the luminol-K[Fe(CN)] ECL system.

Deep-Neural-Networks-Based Data-Driven Methods for Characterizing the Mechanical Behavior of Hydroxyl-Terminated Polyether Propellants.

Hydroxyl-terminated polyether (HTPE) propellants are attractive in the weapons materials and equipment industry for their insensitive properties. Storage, combustion, and explosion of solid propellants are affected by their mechanical properties, so accurate mechanical modeling is vital. In this study, deep neural networks are applied to model composite solid-propellant mechanical behavior for the first time.