Radiotherapy as an organ-preserving alternative to surgery in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma achieving major pathologic response after induction immunochemotherapy.

With the advancement of immunotherapy, neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy has emerged as an effective approach for treating locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC). However, whether radiotherapy can serve as a reliable organ-preserving alternative following induction immunochemotherapy (IICT), and which patient subgroups benefit most, remains uncertain. In this retrospective study, 388 patients with LA-ESCC were analyzed, including 299 who underwent surgery and 89 who received radiotherapy after IICT.

Development a nomogram for predicting HELLP syndrome in women complicated with gestational hypertension.

Objectives: The unpredictability of HELLP syndrome and the severe adverse outcomes for both mother and children make it especially important for us to seek predictive model. This study aimed to develop a clinically accessible prediction model for assessing the risk of HELLP syndrome progression in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and find effective factors that may predict the progression of HELLP within 3 days.

Methods: We used electronic data from Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, between January 1,2014 and December 31,2023.

Resibufogenin and Oxaliplatin Synergistically Inhibit Diffuse Gastric Cancer by Inactivating the FAK/AKT/GSK3β/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Background: Diffuse Gastric Cancer (DGC) is a highly aggressive form of gastric cancer with a poor prognosis. Oxaliplatin (OX) is one of the first-line chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of gastric cancer. However, some patients with DGC do not benefit from OX therapy.

Strain-Induced Tunable Enhancement of Piezoelectricity in a Novel Molecular Multiferroic Material.

Multiferroics are appealing because of application potentials in data storage devices, sensors, transducers, and energy harvesters. Molecular multiferroics emerge as a promising alternative to inorganic multiferroics due to flexibility, light weight, low toxicity, solution processing, structural diversity, and chemical tunability. While researches have predominantly focused on perovskite structures, studies on molecular ionic multiferroics remain relatively limited.

Enhancement of phase transition temperature through hydrogen bond modification in molecular ferroelectrics.

Molecular ferroelectrics are attracting great interest due to their light weight, mechanical flexibility, low cost, ease of processing and environmental friendliness. These advantages make molecular ferroelectrics viable alternatives or supplements to inorganic ceramics and polymer ferroelectrics. It is expected that molecular ferroelectrics with good performance can be fabricated, which in turns calls for effective chemical design strategies in crystal engineering.

Roles and inhibitors of FAK in cancer: current advances and future directions.

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that exhibits high expression in various tumors and is associated with a poor prognosis. FAK activation promotes tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis via both kinase-dependent and kinase-independent pathways. Moreover, FAK is crucial for sustaining the tumor microenvironment.

HER2 advanced gastric cancer: Current state and opportunities (Review).

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gastric cancer (GC) is a distinct subtype of GC, accounting for 10‑20% of all cases of GC. Although the development of the anti‑HER2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab has markedly improved response rates and prognosis of patients with HER2 advanced GC (AGC), drug resistance remains a considerable challenge. Therefore, dynamic monitoring of HER2 expression levels can facilitate the identification of patients who may benefit from targeted therapy.

Impact of Area-Level Socioeconomic and Environmental Measures on Reduced Visual Acuity Among Children and Adolescents.

Purpose: To assess the impacts of area-level socioeconomic and environmental measures on reduced visual acuity (VA).

Methods: This ecological study used the nationally representative cross-sectional data from the Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health in 2014 (CNSSCH 2014), which included 261,833 participants aged 7 to 22 years randomly selected from 30 mainland provinces in China. Area-level socioeconomic measures assessed included gross domestic product (GDP), population density, density of hospital beds, and nighttime light data measured as the mean digital number (DN) of each region; environmental factors assessed included latitude, annual sunlight duration, and park green space density.

PET-based radiomics visualizes tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cell exhaustion to optimize radiotherapy/immunotherapy combination in mouse models of lung cancer.

Background: Cumulative preclinical and clinical evidences showed radiotherapy might augment systemic antitumoral responses to immunotherapy for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, but the optimal timing of combination is still unclear. The overall infiltration and exhausted subpopulations of tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells might be a potential biomarker indicating the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), the alteration of which is previously uncharacterized during peri-irradiation period, while dynamic monitoring is unavailable via repeated biopsies in clinical practice.

Methods: Basing on tumor-bearing mice model, we investigated the dynamics of overall infiltration and exhausted subpopulations of CD8 T cells after ablative irradiation.

[Risk factors for acute kidney injury after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children: a retrospective study].

Objectives: To investigate the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 111 children who underwent HSCT from January 2018 to January 2020. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for AKI.

Preclinical studies of the triazolo[1,5-]pyrimidine derivative WS-716 as a highly potent, specific and orally active P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the main cause of clinical treatment failure and poor prognosis in cancer. Targeting P-glycoprotein (P-gp) has been regarded as an effective strategy to overcome MDR. In this work, we reported our preclinical studies of the triazolo[1,5-]pyrimidine-based compound as a highly potent, specific, and orally active P-gp inhibitor.

Proto-oncogene Src links lipogenesis via lipin-1 to breast cancer malignancy.

Increased lipogenesis has been linked to an increased cancer risk and poor prognosis; however, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Here we show that phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP) lipin-1, which generates diglyceride precursors necessary for the synthesis of glycerolipids, interacts with and is a direct substrate of the Src proto-oncogenic tyrosine kinase. Obesity-associated microenvironmental factors and other Src-activating growth factors, including the epidermal growth factor, activate Src and promote Src-mediated lipin-1 phosphorylation on Tyr398, Tyr413 and Tyr795 residues.

Efficacy and Safety Profile of Montgomery T-Tube Implantation in Patients with Tracheal Stenosis.

Background: Tracheal stenosis is able to lead to airway obstruction.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of Montgomery T-tube implantation in patients with tracheal stenosis.

Methods: Fifty-two patients with tracheal stenosis diagnosed between 2016 and 2019 were included in this retrospective cohort study.

Treatment of secondary benign airway stenosis after tracheotomy with Montgomery T-tube.

With the improvement of surgical operation, increasing incidence of secondary benign airway stenosis, as a complication of long-term tracheal intubation and tracheotomy, leads to significant increases in morbidity and mortality. Previous treatment of secondary benign airway stenosis was mainly based on surgical resection and reconstruction. There is an urgent need for new treatment methods except surgery, especially for those inoperable patients.

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations.

Computational tools based on density-functional theory (DFT) enable the exploration of the qualitatively new, experimentally attainable nanoscale compounds for a targeted application. Theoretical simulations provide a profound understanding of the intrinsic electronic properties of functional materials. The goal of this protocol is to search for photocatalyst candidates by computational dissection.

Changes of serum lipopolysaccharide, inflammatory factors, and cecal microbiota in obese rats with type 2 diabetes induced by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Objectives: Previous studies have shown that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) leads to rapid regression of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of RYGB on serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and cecal microbiota in obese rats with T2D.

Long non-coding RNA DGCR5 is involved in the regulation of proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer by targeting miR-1180.

Accumulating studies have demonstrated that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including small non-coding RNAs (small ncRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are involved in tumor growth in lung cancer (LC). However, the specific role of DGCR5 in LC progression is not yet clear. In the present study, we found that DGCR5 was downregulated and miR-1180 was upregulated in the sera and tissues of LC patients and was correlated with poor prognosis.

Selective and sensitive determination of As(III) and tAs in Chinese herbal medicine samples using -cysteine modified carbon paste electrode-based electrolytic hydride generation and AFS analysis.

A novel non-chromatographic speciation technique for ultra-trace arsenite [As(III)] and total arsenic (tAs) in Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is developed and validated by electrolytic hydride generation (EHG) coupled with atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). The studies show that As(III) can be converted efficiently to AsH3 on an -cysteine modified carbon paste electrode (CMCPE), which has never been reported before. Significantly, other arsenic species such as arsenate [As(V)], monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) do not form any or only less volatile hydrides at low applied current mode (<1.

Cold snare resection for the treatment of benign airway lesions.

The objective was to assess the safety and outcome of cold snare technique used by flexible bronchoscopy in the treatment of airway benign neoplasms. The clinical data of 21 patients, who had airway benign neoplasm and were treated through the cold snare method in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, affiliated with the Zhejiang University, were retrospectively analyzed. The relief of the symptoms and occurrence of complications were observed and evaluated.

Selective determination of four arsenic species in rice and water samples by modified graphite electrode-based electrolytic hydride generation coupled with atomic fluorescence spectrometry.

This work describes a novel non-chromatographic approach for the accurate and selective determining As species by modified graphite electrode-based electrolytic hydride generation (EHG) for sample introduction coupled with atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) detection. Two kinds of sulfydryl-containing modifiers, l-cysteine (Cys) and glutathione (GSH), are used to modify cathode. The EHG performance of As has been changed greatly at the modified cathode, which has never been reported.

Duodenal-jejunal exclusion improves insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats by upregulating the hepatic insulin signaling pathway.

Objectives: Previous studies have shown duodenal-jejunal exclusion (DJE) results in the rapid resolution of type 2 diabetes; however, the underlying mechanism is unknown. This study aimed to measure the hepatic expression of insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2) and glucose transporter-2 (GLUT-2) in type 2 diabetic rats post-DJE, and to investigate their roles in improved hepatic insulin resistance and glucose intolerance.

Methods: Type 2 diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into DJE operation (DO) and control (DC) groups.