Association of Plasma Omega-3 Fatty Acids With POAG.

Purpose: To investigate the association between plasma levels of omega-3 fatty acids and the risk of POAG.

Methods: We conducted prospective cohort analyses among 254,157 participants of European descent in the UK Biobank cohort. Mendelian randomization analyses were further performed to assess the causal relationship between omega-3 fatty acids and POAG using publicly available genome-wide association study summary statistics.

Validation and comparison of EQ-5D-5L and SF-6Dv1 in myopic patients requiring corneal refractive surgery in China.

Purpose: Different health-related quality of life scales are suitable for various populations and scenarios; hence, the selection of measurement tools must be based on research objectives and focal points. To facilitate the choice between EQ-5D-5L and SF-6Dv1 in clinical and economic research of myopic patients undergoing corneal refractive surgery, the study aims to assess and compare EQ-5D-5L and SF-6Dv1 among the patients in China.

Methods: A total of 411 participants with a mean age of 25.

Genetic Associations of Myopia and Axial Length with Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: To investigate the genetic associations of myopia and axial length (AL) with diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. Genetic variants were used as instrumental variables.

The role of correlated colour temperature in myopia development and prevention.

Identifying a balanced light environment that supports healthy ocular development is important. Correlated colour temperature (CCT, measured in Kelvin, K) of light sources, based on human visual perception, is believed to be associated with myopia, but its impact and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to review the literature and elucidate the potential relationship and biological mechanisms linking CCT and myopia.

Integration of Animal, Population, and Toxicogenomic Evidence on the Hematotoxic and Immunosuppressive Effects of Environmental Exposure to PFAS Mixtures in Adolescents.

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are emerging contaminants widely found in drinking water and food, potentially entering the human body through these sources. To investigate these effects, we simulated PFAS exposure doses in animal models, ranging from general population to occupational levels, and analyzed blood and spleen samples. Epidemiological studies linked PFAS exposure to immunosuppression and hematotoxicity, while toxicogenomic analyses validated the underlying biological mechanisms.

Visual environmental risk factors in outdoor activities and near work and potential mechanisms.

Purpose: Myopia is highly prevalent among children and adolescents and results from abnormal refractive development. Less outdoor time as well as more near work have been recognised as major risk factors for myopia. This study analysed the major environmental factors related to myopia, such as outdoor activities and near work, and reviewed the potential mechanisms of myopia development.

Non-inferiority trials in clinical ophthalmology: a systematic review.

Purpose: To summarize the characteristics and methodology of non-inferiority trials in ophthalmology, aiding researchers in understanding the applications and limitations of such trials in ophthalmic diseases.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus were searched for literature on non-inferiority randomized trials in ophthalmology published between 2000 and November 5 2023. Data on the basic characteristics were extracted and summarized.

Association Between Inflammatory Cytokines and Refractive Errors: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.

Purpose: This investigation aimed to elucidate the causal role of inflammatory cytokines in the risk of developing refractive errors.

Methods: Genetic variants previously associated with inflammatory cytokines served as instrumental variables in genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of European ancestry. Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted using summary data from GWAS meta-analyses.

Are blood platelet parameters associated with retinal nerve fiber layer thickness Among healthy young adults? a university-based study.

BackgroundPlatelet parameters have been linked with glaucomatous optic neuropathy but whether they were associated with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness among healthy individuals remains unclear. We aim to determine the relationship between different platelet parameters and RNFL thickness in healthy university students.MethodsThe Dali University Students Eye Health Study is a university-based, cross-sectional study in southwestern China in 2021.

The relationship between adverse childhood experiences and public service motivation: Roles of sleep duration and urban-rural status.

Objective: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are widely recognized for their impact on an individual's prosocial behaviors. However, the specific relationship between ACEs and public service motivation (PSM)-a form of prosocial behavior within the public domain-remains insufficiently understood. Considering the crucial role PSM plays in psychological and social development, this study aimed to investigate the association between ACEs and PSM, with a particular focus on the mediating effect of sleep duration.

Comparison of Logistic Regression and Machine Learning Approaches in Predicting Depressive Symptoms: A National-Based Study.

Objective: Machine learning (ML) has been reported to have better predictive capability than traditional statistical techniques. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of ML algorithms and logistic regression (LR) for predicting depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Analyses were carried out in a national cross-sectional study involving 21,916 participants.

Role of industry sponsorship and research outcomes of myopia control interventions.

Aims: To investigate whether industry-sponsored randomised control trials (RCT) on myopia control have more favourable outcomes and differ in risk of bias, compared with studies having other sources of sponsorship.

Methods: PubMed, Embase and MEDLINE were searched until 6 October 2023. RCTs of myopia control interventions were included if they reported spherical equivalent (SE) and/or axial length (AL) changes.

The Relationship Between Serum Biochemical Variables and Corneal Biomechanics Measured by Corvis ST Among Healthy Young Adults.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between serum biochemical variables and corneal biomechanics in healthy young adults.

Methods: A total of 1645 healthy university students were included. Every student underwent an ophthalmologic examination by Corvis ST to measure the corneal biomechanics and a blood examination to evaluate the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea, creatinine, and uric acid (UA) levels.

Impact of Ambient Air Pollution on Reduced Visual Acuity Among Children and Adolescents.

Purpose: Previous studies have assessed the impact of air pollution on myopia from the individual level, while none of them have explored the role of air pollution in visual health disparities between different regions from the area level. This ecological study aimed to investigate the impact of ambient air pollution on reduced visual acuity (VA).

Methods: The data were derived from the Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health (CNSSCH) conducted in 2014 and 2019, which involved 261,833 and 267,106 students respectively.

Spatial frequency of environments and myopia: A systematic review on associated evidence and underlying mechanisms.

Purpose: Previous animal studies have found a relationship between spatial frequency and myopia. New research in humans suggest that reduced high spatial content of the visual environment may be a contributing factor for myopia development. This study aims to review the literature and elucidate the potential biological mechanisms linking spatial frequency and myopia.

Effects of mixed exposure to PFAS on adolescent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Integrating evidence from human cohorts, toxicogenomics, and animal models to uncover mechanisms and potential target sites.

Extensive evidence suggests a correlation between environmental pollutants, specifically perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aims to investigate the association and underlying mechanisms of PFAS-induced NAFLD in adolescents by employing a comprehensive approach of population-based studies, toxicogenomics, and animal models. A total of 2014 freshmen from Dali University were recruited for this study, with 1694 participants undergoing serum testing for PFAS exposure.

DNA methylation biomarkers and myopia: a multi-omics study integrating GWAS, mQTL and eQTL data.

Background: This study aimed to identify DNA methylation biomarkers associated with myopia using summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR).

Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases was conducted up to March 27, 2024. SMR analyses were performed to integrate genome-wide association study (GWAS) with methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies.

Predicting clinical outcomes in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving nucleoside analogues and pegylated interferon alpha: a hematochemical and clinical analysis.

Background: The best antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) poses a complex challenge. The treatment effect of the combination of nucleoside analogues (NAs) and pegylated interferon alpha (PegIFN) was still in debate.

Methods: We studied patients treated with NAs and PegIFN-2b at our institution from November 2019 to January 2022.

Habitual Coffee, Tea, and Caffeine Consumption, Circulating Metabolites, and the Risk of Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity.

Context: Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CM) is an increasing public health concern. Previous observational studies have suggested inverse associations between coffee, tea, and caffeine intake and risks of individual cardiometabolic diseases; however, their associations with CM and related biological markers are unknown.

Methods: This prospective study involved 172 315 (for caffeine analysis) and 188 091 (tea and coffee analysis) participants free of any cardiometabolic diseases at baseline from the UK Biobank; 168 metabolites were measured among 88 204 and 96 393 participants.

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as a Protective Factor for Myopia.

Purpose: Animal models suggest omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may protect against myopia by modulating choroidal blood perfusion, but clinical evidence is scarce and mixed. We aimed to determine the causality between omega-3 PUFAs and myopia using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Design: Two-sample MR analysis.