Radiotherapy as an organ-preserving alternative to surgery in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma achieving major pathologic response after induction immunochemotherapy.

With the advancement of immunotherapy, neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy has emerged as an effective approach for treating locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC). However, whether radiotherapy can serve as a reliable organ-preserving alternative following induction immunochemotherapy (IICT), and which patient subgroups benefit most, remains uncertain. In this retrospective study, 388 patients with LA-ESCC were analyzed, including 299 who underwent surgery and 89 who received radiotherapy after IICT.

CuO-CuX NPs rich in oxygen vacancies modulated by halogen ions and their application in photocatalytic degradation.

Oxygen vacancies (OVs) are one of the most important strategies to modulate the photocatalytic properties of nanomaterials, but usually the preparation of OVs is complicated and difficult, so the development of a simple, gentle, and efficient method to prepare OVs is crucial. Herein, Cu/CuO NPs with a small number of OVs were prepared initially by a one-step reduction method. Then, with the addition of halogen ions (F, Cl, Br, and I), CuO-CuX NPs enriched with OVs were obtained at room temperature.

Copper-doped NH-metal-organic frameworks as co-reactant modulating units for a sensitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.

A facile electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor for the sensitive detection of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was constructed based on a co-reactant modulating strategy using a Cu-modified NH-metal-organic framework (NMOF@Cu) nanoprobe as a modulating unit. The biconical NMOF@Cu nanoprobe possessed a large number of carboxyl groups, which could be labeled by the target PSA to form a PSA-NMOF@Cu conjugate. Moreover, the nanoprobe could consume K[Fe(CN)], resulting in a lower signal of the luminol-K[Fe(CN)] ECL system.

A force-sensitive adhesion GPCR is required for equilibrioception.

Equilibrioception (sensing of balance) is essential for mammals to perceive and navigate the three-dimensional world. A rapid mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) response in vestibular hair cells is crucial for detecting position and motion. Here, we identify the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) LPHN2/ADGRL2, expressed on the apical membrane of utricular hair cells, as essential for maintaining normal balance.

Is postoperative radiotherapy effective in patients with completely resected pathologic stage IIIA(N2) non-small cell lung cancer? High-risk populations should consider it.

Background And Purpose: We aimed to assess the benefits of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in completely resected patients with pathologic stage IIIA(N2) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a high risk of locoregional recurrence (LRR).

Materials And Methods: A prospective, randomized trial was conducted starting in July 2016 to explore the optimal timing of PORT in high-LRR-risk patients with completely resected IIIA(N2) NSCLC (NCT02974426). Patients were identified as high-LRR-risk patients via the prognostic index (PI) model and were randomly assigned to PORT-first or PORT-last treatment.

Clinical efficacies of different neoadjuvant therapies for non-small cell lung cancer.

Neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery is a common clinical strategy for operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the mainstream neoadjuvant therapies include chemoimmunotherapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy. However, there is a lack of studies to report the difference in benefits between these treatment modalities in the same institution. Therefore, this study aimed to depict the short-term efficacy of radiology and pathology achieved by different therapies and their impact on long-term survival as well as the underlying clinical significance.

Combination of radiotherapy and PD-L1 blockade induces abscopal responses in EGFR-mutated lung cancer through activating CD8 T cells.

Patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) respond poorly to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). It has been reported that the number of CD8T cells is reduced in EGFR-mutated NSCLC. However, the extent of heterogeneity and effector function of distinct populations of CD8T cells has not been investigated intensively.

Who benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in stage I lung adenocarcinoma? A multi-dimensional model for candidate selection.

Background: Despite promising overall survival of stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients, 10-25 % of them still went through recurrence after surgery. [1] While it is still disputable whether adjuvant chemotherapy is necessary for stage I patients. [2] IASLC grading system for non-mucinous LUAD shows that minor high-grade patterns are significant indicator of poor prognosis.

Phase II multicenter trial: first-line immunochemotherapy with or without radiotherapy in metastatic esophageal squamous cell cancer (SCR-ESCC-01).

This randomized phase II trial (NCT05978193) combines low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) and conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) with immunochemotherapy for metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, aiming to assess the potential enhanced effect of radiotherapy on immunotherapy. Patients are administered a PD-1 inhibitor along with paclitaxel and platinum-based chemotherapy (arm B), or combined with LDRT and CFRT (arm A). Immunotherapy is given every 3 weeks with chemotherapy for 4 cycles, followed by immunotherapy maintenance therapy for up to 24 months.

Enhancing Prediction for Tumor Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy in Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer by Dynamic Parameters from Clinical Assessments.

To develop accurate and accessible prediction methods for assessing pathologic response following NICT prior to surgery, we conducted a retrospective study including 137 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) who underwent surgery after two cycles of NICT between January 2019 and March 2022 at our center. We collected clinical parameters to evaluate the dynamic changes in the primary tumor. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the correlations between these parameters and the pathologic response of the primary tumor.

Anlotinib in patients with relapsed or refractory thymic epithelial tumors: a study of 50 cases.

The optimal pharmaceutical regimen for advanced thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) remains controversial when first-line chemotherapy fails. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib treatment for patients with relapsed and refractory TETs. Patients with progressive disease after failure of platinum-based chemotherapy were enrolled in this study.

PET-based radiomics visualizes tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cell exhaustion to optimize radiotherapy/immunotherapy combination in mouse models of lung cancer.

Background: Cumulative preclinical and clinical evidences showed radiotherapy might augment systemic antitumoral responses to immunotherapy for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, but the optimal timing of combination is still unclear. The overall infiltration and exhausted subpopulations of tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells might be a potential biomarker indicating the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), the alteration of which is previously uncharacterized during peri-irradiation period, while dynamic monitoring is unavailable via repeated biopsies in clinical practice.

Methods: Basing on tumor-bearing mice model, we investigated the dynamics of overall infiltration and exhausted subpopulations of CD8 T cells after ablative irradiation.

Ti C T MXene Composite 3D Hydrogel Potentiates mTOR Signaling to Promote the Generation of Functional Hair Cells in Cochlea Organoids.

Organoids have certain cellular composition and physiological features in common with real organs, making them promising models of organ formation, function, and diseases. However, Matrigel, the commonly used animal-derived matrices in which they are developed, has limitations in mechanical adjustability and providing complex physicochemical signals. Here, the incorporation of Ti C T MXene nanomaterial into Matrigel regulates the properties of Matrigel and exhibits satisfactory biocompatibility.

Icariin ameliorates memory deficits through regulating brain insulin signaling and glucose transporters in 3×Tg-AD mice.

Icariin, a major prenylated flavonoid found in Epimedium spp., is a bioactive constituent of Herba Epimedii and has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in experimental models of Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective mechanism of icariin in an APP/PS1/Tau triple-transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

A decision support framework for postoperative radiotherapy in patients with pathological N2 non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) plays a highly controversial role in pathological N2 (pN2) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) disease. Recent studies reveal that not all patients can benefit from PORT. Further research is needed to identify predictors of PORT.

Dose-escalation by hypofractionated simultaneous integrated boost IMRT in unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: To explore the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and evaluate the safety of dose escalation using hypofractionated simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy (SIB-IMRT) concurrent with chemotherapy for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Four escalating radiation dose levels were used. This study included 25 patients with previously untreated NSCLC who received six concurrent weekly chemotherapy cycles comprising cisplatin and docetaxel.

Bevacizumab in combination with paclitaxel and platinum for previously treated advanced thymic epithelial tumors.

There are no optimal regimens for advanced thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) when frontline chemotherapy fails. In this study, we aimed to assess the activity of Bevacizumab in combination with a routine chemotherapeutic regimen. Patients with advanced TETs who had failed after previous chemotherapy were enrolled in this study.

Dual-wavelength electrochemiluminescence ratiometry for hydrogen sulfide detection based on Cd-doped g-CN nanosheets.

Herein, a novel and facile dual-wavelength ratiometric electrochemiluminescence-resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) sensor for hydrogen sulfide (HS) detection was constructed based on the interaction between S and Cd-doped g-CN nanosheets (NSs). Cd-doped g-CN NSs exhibited a strong ECL emission at 435 nm. In the presence of HS, CdS was formed on g-CN NSs by the adsorption of S and Cd, generating another ECL emission at 515 nm.

A novel CRT-IMRT-combined (Co-CRIM) planning technique for peripheral lung stereotactic body radiotherapy in pinnacle treatment planning system.

Objectives: This study attempts to explore a novel peripheral lung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) planning technique that can balance the pros and cons of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (CRT) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) / volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT).

Methods: Treatment plans were retrospectively designed based on CRT, IMRT, VMAT, and the proposed CRT-IMRT-combined (Co-CRIM) techniques using Pinnacle treatment planning system (TPS) for 20 peripheral lung cancer patients. Co-CRIM used an inverse optimization algorithm available in Pinnacle TPS.

Lymph Node Parameters Predict Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Efficacy and Disease-Free Survival in Pathologic N2 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Pathologic N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is prominently intrinsically heterogeneous. We aimed to identify homogeneous prognostic subgroups and evaluate the role of different adjuvant treatments. We retrospectively collected patients with resected pathologic T1-3N2M0 NSCLC from the Shanghai Chest Hospital as the primary cohort and randomly allocated them (3:1) to the training set and the validation set 1.

Prognostic Value of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients With Stage I Lung Adenocarcinoma Treated With Surgical Dissection.

Objective: Inflammation plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and progression. Our purpose was to investigate the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and develop a nomogram to predict the cancer-specific survival (CSS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of stage I lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Methods: 1431 patients undergoing surgical resection with pathologically confirmed stage I lung adenocarcinoma were reviewed.

Biomarkers for the prediction of esophageal cancer neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy response: A systemic review.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery has been established as the standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer. For patients with complete regression after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, active surveillance rather than planned surgery has been proposed as an organ preservation strategy. Reliable biomarkers to predict chemoradiation response is needed.

Identification of differentially expressed proteins in the locoregional recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by quantitative proteomics.

Background: This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers associated with locoregional recurrence in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after radical resection.

Methods: We performed a quantitative proteomics analysis using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) with reversed-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (RPLC-MS) to identify differential expression proteins (DEPs) between a locoregional recurrence group and good prognosis group of ESCC after radical esophagectomy. The bioinformatics analysis was performed with ingenuity pathway analysis software (IPA) and Gene Ontology (GO) database using the software of MAS 3.

Evaluation of IGRT-Induced Imaging Doses and Secondary Cancer Risk for SBRT Early Lung Cancer Patients In Silico Study.

Objectives: This study performed dosimetry studies and secondary cancer risk assessments on using electronic portal imaging device (EPID) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) as image guided tools for the early lung cancer patients treated with SBRT.

Methods: The imaging doses from MV-EPID and kV-CBCT of the Edge accelerator were retrospectively added to sixty-one SBRT treatment plans of early lung cancer patients. The MV-EPID imaging dose (6MV Photon beam) was calculated in Pinnacle TPS, and the kV-CBCT imaging dose was simulated and calculated by modeling of the kV energy beam in TPS using Pinnacle automatic modeling program.