Praditor: A DBSCAN-based automation for speech onset detection.

Speech onset time (SOT) serves as a critical parameter in speech production research, marking the transition from background noise to the start of the speech signal. While manual annotation remains the gold standard for identifying SOT, its labor-intensive nature can result in considerable fatigue, thereby jeopardizing the accuracy of the annotation. Here, we present Praditor, a semi-automatic speech onset detection tool, leveraging a combination of algorithms consisting of density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) and first-derivative thresholding.

A novel P450 enzyme assay utilizing an NADP-based biosensor.

Purpose: High-throughput screening methods for cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s), such as colorimetric, mass spectrometric, and fluorescence-based assays, often face limitations in throughput, real-time monitoring, and versatility.

Methods: To address these challenges, we developed a novel biosensor leveraging glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation for real-time monitoring of intracellular NADP levels, enabling P450 activity detection. The sensor was applied to monitor P450 activity by tracking intracellular NADP dynamics, as P450s catalyze diverse substrate reactions and convert NADPH to NADP via their electron transport system.

Intracellular self-assembly and metabolite analysis of key enzymes for L-lysine synthesis based on key components of cellulosomes.

Introduction: Cellulosome is a natural multi-enzyme complex in the extracellular space of anaerobic microorganisms, which has the advantages of small molecular weight, multiple binding sites, and strong designability. This study aimed to explore the influence of intracellular self-assembly complexes on L-lysine biosynthesis.

Methods: Two novel L-lysine-engineered bacteria modification strategies were designed, considering the L-lysine biosynthesis pathway using DocA-S3/Coh as an efficient intracellular assembly element: pairwise assembly of key enzymes in cells and multi-enzyme assembly based on scaffolding proteins.

High-throughput screening of Aureobasidium pullulans for high β-glucan production using UV mutagenesis combined with artificial fluorescent labeling.

Aureobasidium pullulans (A. pullulans) is a yeast-like fungus that produces β-glucan, an exopolysaccharide, during its fermentation. However, there is currently a lack of high-throughput screening and breeding methods for high β-glucan-producing A.

Enhancing 10-HDA production of by heterologous expression of MexHID transporter proteins.

10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) is a medium-chain α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid that exists in royal jelly with terminal hydroxylation. It has a broad market value because of its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-radiation, and other active functions. The one-step whole-cell catalytic synthesis of 10-HDA by constructing engineered strains has improved the reaction rate to a certain extent compared with the previous two-step method.

Mutational and structural analysis of ribose 5-phosphate isomerase B from Acetivibrio thermocellus: relationship between transformation efficiency and substrate binding pocket conformation.

D-allose is a rare hexose sugar with a variety of potential application in food, medicine and other fields. Ribose 5-phosphate isomerase（RPI） plays a pivotal role in the synthesis of D-allose. AtRpiB from Acetivibrio thermocellus can convert D-psicose to D-allose; however, improvements in its stability, optimal temperature, and conversion efficiency are necessary.

Preparation, identification, and anti-photoaging effect of royal jelly protein peptides on UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells.

This study aimed to prepare and identify anti-photoaging peptides from royal jelly proteins (RJP), and to investigate their protective effects and molecular mechanisms against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced photoaging in human keratinocytes. A low-molecular-weight peptide fraction (<3 kDa, P-RJP1) exhibiting high antioxidant activity was obtained through pepsin hydrolysis of RJP followed by ultrafiltration fractionation. It was found that P-RJP1 effectively restored the viability of UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes, and alleviated oxidative stress by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels.

Cardiovascular impact of emerging and Re-emerging Viruses: Pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnosis, and management with a pediatric focus.

Emerging and re-emerging viruses are currently known as a major public health issue. These viruses can cause various human complications such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), both in adults and pediatric populations. Although various CVDs have been previously reported for emerging and re-emerging viruses, the mechanisms underlying these complications remain relatively unknown.

Engineering Compartmentalization and Cofactor Regulation for 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic Acid Biosynthesis in .

10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a bioactive component of royal jelly, exhibits significant pharmacological value in various applications. To date, its biosynthesis has been reported exclusively in endotoxin-prone , which limits its biomedical utility. In this study, we successfully engineered the Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) yeast as a biosynthetic platform for producing 10-HDA, thereby addressing the limitations associated with systems.

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor bHLH130 negatively regulates tomato resistance to Phytophthora infestans.

Tomato is a widely cultivated horticultural crop with high economic value worldwide. However, its yield is highly threatened by the infection by Phytophthora infestans. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors form a large family in plants and play key roles in responding to both biotic and abiotic stresses.

Study and Application of Microbial Community in Biodegradation of Kitchen Waste Using High-Throughput Sequencing and Strain Isolation Techniques.

Kitchen waste contains abundant starch, cellulose, lignin, and other organic compounds. This study investigated the microbial diversity of composite microbial communities capable of efficiently degrading kitchen waste, with a focus on the isolation of lignin-degrading strains. High-throughput sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform was utilized to analyze the diversity and community structure of bacteria and fungi in kitchen waste, enabling the identification of core microbiota.

Transcription factor KUA1 positively regulates tomato resistance against Phytophthora infestans by fine-tuning reactive oxygen species accumulation.

Tomato is a horticultural crop of global significance. However, the pathogen Phytophthora infestans causing the late blight disease imposes a severe threat to tomato production and quality. Many transcription factors (TFs) are known to be involved in responses to plant pathogens, however, the key TFs in tomato resistant to P.

Silk Protein Gene Engineering and Its Applications: Recent Advances in Biomedicine Driven by Molecular Biotechnology.

Silk protein, as a natural polymer material with unique structures and properties, exhibits tremendous potential in the biomedical field. Given the limited production and restricted properties of natural silk proteins, molecular biotechnology has been extensively applied in silk protein genetic engineering to produce novel silk proteins with specific properties. This review outlines the roles of major model organisms, such as silkworms and spiders, in silk protein production, and provides a detailed introduction to the applications of gene editing technologies (eg, CRISPR-Cas9), transgenic expression technologies, and synthetic biology techniques in silk protein genetic engineering.

Musical Pitch Perception and Categorization in Listeners with No Musical Training Experience: Insights from Mandarin-Speaking Non-Musicians.

Pitch is a fundamental element in music. While most previous studies on musical pitch have focused on musicians, our understanding of musical pitch perception in non-musicians is still limited. This study aimed to explore how Mandarin-speaking listeners who did not receive musical training perceive and categorize musical pitch.

Tip-of-the-pen states in Mandarin handwriting: The effect of brief non-target language exposure.

The tip-of-the-pen (TOP) is a phenomenon in which individuals fail to completely retrieve the orthographic information of a known character, and mainly occurs in Mandarin (a non-alphabetic language in which the orthography is largely independent of the phonology). The present study examined whether and how long-term language experience and brief exposure to non-target language affected TOP rates in Mandarin handwriting. In Experiment 1, high and low proficiency Mandarin-English bilinguals completed a Mandarin character dictation task before and after watching a short English movie.

Proline Improves Pullulan Biosynthesis Under High Sugar Stress Condition.

Pullulan is an extracellular polysaccharide produced via the fermentation of . However, high sugar concentrations and hyperosmotic stress limit pullulan biosynthesis during the fermentation process. Therefore, we investigated the effects of proline supplementation on .

Optimization of fermentation conditions for whole cell catalytic synthesis of D-allulose by engineering Escherichia coli.

D-allulose/D-psicose is a significant rare sugar with broad applications in the pharmaceutical, food, and other industries. In this study, we cloned the D-allulose 3-epimerase (DPEase) gene from Arthrobacter globiformis M30, using pET22b as the vector. The recombinant E.

Degradable and Chain Extendable Segmented Hyperbranched Copolymers by Wavelength-Selective Photoiniferter Polymerization Using a Trithiocarbonate-Derived Dimethacrylate.

In this study, segmented hyperbranched copolymers with degradable and chain extendable cross-linker branch points were synthesized via green light-activated photoiniferter copolymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) and a trithiocarbonate-derived dimethacrylate. A series of segmented hyperbranched copolymers with different degrees of branching were synthesized by changing the feed ratio of PEGMA to cross-linker to chain transfer agent. The segmented hyperbranched copolymers could be degraded into linear polymer chains by removing the trithocarbonate groups, which provides fundamental insights into the growth of primary chains during photoiniferter copolymerization.

Enhancing the erythritol production of Yarrowia lipolytica by high-throughput screening based on highly sensitive artificial sensor and anchor protein cwp2.

Unlabelled: Yarrowia lipolytica is widely used for the industrial production of the natural sweetener erythritol. Despite improvements in fermentation process control and metabolic pathway regulation, bottlenecks still exist in terms of yield and screening technology. Therefore, we constructed an artificial sensor system for effective erythritol detection, established a single-cell droplet-based high-throughput screening system based on fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and obtained Y.

Understanding Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Substrate Inhibition and Prospects for Elimination Strategies.

Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes, which are widely distributed and pivotal in various biochemical reactions, catalyze diverse processes such as hydroxylation, epoxidation, dehydrogenation, dealkylation, nitrification, and bond formation. These enzymes have been applied in drug metabolism, antibiotic production, bioremediation, and fine chemical synthesis. Recent research revealed that CYP450 catalytic kinetics deviated from the classic Michaelis-Menten model.

Serum Lipoprotein(a) as Predictive Factor for Early Neurological Deterioration of Acute Ischemic Stroke After Thrombolysis.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between serum lipoprotein(a) (LP(a)) levels and early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after thrombolysis.

Methods: In total, 236 patients with AIS after thrombolysis were enrolled in this study. Serum LP(a) levels were measured on admission after thrombolysis.

Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for de novo production of 5-hydroxyvalerate via L-lysine α-oxidase pathway.

5-hydroxyvalerate (5-HV) is a crucial C5 platform chemical with versatile applications, yet its efficient production remains a challenge. The Raip, gabT, and yahK genes were integrated into the E. coli LE genome, deleted gabD, and enhanced gabP expression, resulting in the QluMG strain.

The cross-script cognate effect in spoken and written second language production: A study based on Chinese-English bilinguals.

Previous studies using cognates with the same writing system have found cognate facilitation effect in the lexical processes of spoken and typewritten productions and cognate interference effect in the sub-lexical process of typewritten production. This study focused on cross-script cognates, Chinese-English, which have different writing systems, and explored cognate effects based on the input and output modalities by using a Chinese-English translation task. Experiment 1 was under visual input modality and investigated the cross-script cognate effect in all three output modalities: spoken, typewritten and handwritten.