Natural lignan justicidin A-induced mitophagy as a targetable niche in bladder cancer.

Accumulated dysfunctional mitochondria are involved in tumorigenesis, and it is conceivable that mitophagy, a selective form of autophagic degradation of mitochondria, plays a tumor-suppressive role. Our bioinformatics analysis identified lignan justicidin A (JA) as a potential mitophagy inducer. In HRAS-mutant human bladder cancer T24 cells, JA reduced population cell growth, changed mitochondrial membrane potential, and induced autophagy.

Using Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis to Identify Saponin Formosanin C as a Ferroptosis Inducer in Colorectal Cancer with p53 and Oncogenic KRAS.

Ferroptosis, a form of cell death, is characterized by lipid peroxidation and is dependent on iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, through bioinformatics analysis, formosanin C was predicted to be a ferroptosis inducer in colorectal cancer (CRC) by suppressing antioxidation capacity. Indeed, formosanin C induced iron accumulation, lipid ROS formation, and ferroptosis in CRC.

Targeting GPX4 to Overcome Sorafenib Resistance of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death. Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, has been approved as a first-line systemic therapeutic for HCC patients based on the results of two large clinical trials, in which sorafenib significantly increased life expectancy of patients with Child Pugh A advanced stage of liver cancer, no matter which races they were or whether being infected with hepatitis B or C virus; however, its efficacy is compromised by the resistance of the tumor cells. By using integrative bioinformatics analysis, we identified ferroptosis as a candidate to modulate sorafenib-resistant HCC.

Understanding the evolutionary processes and causes of groundwater drought using an interpretable machine learning model.

Drought is a widespread natural disaster, and rapid assessment of groundwater drought has become a challenge due to the lack of direct spatiotemporal observation of groundwater. We employed machine learning models and the Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP), a game theory-based interpretability method, to understand and predict the evolution of groundwater drought by evaluating eight models with SHAP analysis in the West Liao River Plain (WLRP), with a semi-arid climate. The research showed: (1) The XGBoost model, optimized by the Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA), achieved the highest performance (AUC: 0.

Engineering Compartmentalization and Cofactor Regulation for 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic Acid Biosynthesis in .

10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a bioactive component of royal jelly, exhibits significant pharmacological value in various applications. To date, its biosynthesis has been reported exclusively in endotoxin-prone , which limits its biomedical utility. In this study, we successfully engineered the Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) yeast as a biosynthetic platform for producing 10-HDA, thereby addressing the limitations associated with systems.

Fe and Mn biogeochemical cycling associated with basin-scale redox dynamics traced by DOM degradation in different alluvial aquifers.

Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) contamination in groundwater has emerged as a global health challenge, primarily influenced by the degradation pathways of organic matter. However, the understanding of Fe and Mn biogeochemical behaviors, particularly the release mechanisms driven by the redox dynamics of aquifers at the watershed scale remains limited. This investigation employed a multi-method framework integrating hydrogeochemical-isotopic analyses with DOM molecular characterization (FT-ICR MS) to elucidate DOM degradation processes along the groundwater flow paths and their driving effects on Fe and Mn mobilization.

Arginine -glycosylation of melittin enhances its bacteriostatic activity and antiproliferative therapeutic index.

Melittin is a natural antimicrobial peptide isolated from bee venom, and the non-specific cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity severely limit its clinical application. Glycosylation of proteins is very common in physiological and biochemical processes and can modulate the interaction of proteins with their target. In this study, eight glycosyl groups were used to modify the arginine of melittin at sites 22 and/or 24, and single and double arginine -glycosylated peptides were designed and synthesized.

Hydrogeochemical processes regulating groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking purposes in the recent alluvial plain, Blue Nile Region, Sudan.

Groundwater is becoming a critical freshwater source in the Blue Nile Region, Sudan. However, overexploitation and contamination increasingly threaten its sustainability. This study evaluates the hydrogeochemical processes influencing groundwater and its suitability for drinking purposes in the recent alluvial plain.

Prediction of nitrate concentration and the impact of land use types on groundwater in the Nansi Lake Basin.

Groundwater faces a pervasive threat from anthropogenic nitrate contamination worldwide, particularly in regions characterized by intensive agricultural practices. This study examines groundwater quality in the Nansi Lake Basin (NSLB), emphasizing nitrate (NO-N) contamination. Utilizing 422 groundwater samples, it investigates hydrochemical dynamics and the impact of land use on groundwater composition.

Genomic characterization of Escherichia coli with a polyketide synthase (pks) island isolated from ulcerative colitis patients.

The E. coli strains harboring the polyketide synthase (pks) island encode the genotoxin colibactin, a secondary metabolite reported to have severe implications for human health and for the progression of colorectal cancer. The present study involves whole-genome-wide comparison and phylogenetic analysis of pks harboring E.

Mobilization and enrichment of geogenic iodine in a floodplain groundwater system: New insights from sources and characterization of dissolved organic matter.

High iodine groundwater occurs widely in the lower reaches of Yellow River floodplain, which has aroused public concern. The biogeochemical behavior of dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a crucial role in the mobilizing iodine from aquifer media. In this study, the molecular composition of DOM in groundwater characterized by FT-ICR-MS, and the optical properties of organic matter obtained by combining three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis (EEM ⁃ PARAFAC), were used to elucidate the effect of DOM on the migration and enrichment of iodine in groundwater in the eastern Henan Plain, which is located in the lower reaches of Yellow River floodplain, Northern China.

Geogenic fluorine-contaminated groundwater increases fluorosis risk in communities of northern cold regions: Genesis mechanism and exposure pathways.

Geogenic fluorine-contaminated groundwater (F >1 mg/L) prevails in cold Mollisol regions of the world. Seasonal variation of F concentration in groundwater likely renders multiple pathways of toxic-level F exposure, posing unrecognized health risk to many economically challenged communities. Herein, different types of samples within the groundwater-soil-crop-human hair network were collected from the Mollisol regions of northeastern China and assessed by joint approach of medical geochemical assay, hydrogeochemical modeling, and health risk indexation.

Effect of Industrial Solid Waste as Fillers on the Rheology and Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Mastic.

The continuous growth of industrial solid waste production has generated many environmental problems. We evaluated the potential of industrial solid waste as a substitute filler in asphalt mastic, with the aim of increasing the use of sustainable road construction materials. In this study, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the oxide composition and micromorphology of limestone (LS), red mud (RM), steel slag (SS), and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS).

A method of genetic transformation and gene editing of succulents without tissue culture.

Succulents, valued for their drought tolerance and ornamental appeal, are important in the floriculture market. However, only a handful of succulent species can be genetically transformed, making it difficult to improve these plants through genetic engineering. In this study, we adapted the recently developed cut-dip-budding (CDB) gene delivery system to transform three previously recalcitrant succulent varieties - the dicotyledonous Kalanchoe blossfeldiana and Crassula arborescens and the monocotyledonous Sansevieria trifasciata.

Key enzymes involved in the utilization of fatty acids by : a review.

is a eukaryotic organism with a clear genetic background and mature gene operating system; in addition, it exhibits environmental tolerance. Therefore, is one of the most commonly used organisms for the synthesis of biological chemicals. The investigation of fatty acid catabolism in is crucial for the synthesis and accumulation of fatty acids and their derivatives, with β-oxidation being the predominant pathway responsible for fatty acid metabolism in this organism, occurring primarily within peroxisomes.

Hydrogeochemistry and prediction of arsenic contamination in groundwater of Vehari, Pakistan: comparison of artificial neural network, random forest and logistic regression models.

Arsenic contamination in the groundwater occurs in various parts of the world due to anthropogenic and natural sources, adversely affecting human health and ecosystems. The current study intends to examine the groundwater hydrogeochemistry containing elevated arsenic (As), predict As levels in groundwater, and determine the aptness of groundwater for drinking in the Vehari district, Pakistan. Four hundred groundwater samples from the study region were collected for physiochemical analysis.

Assessment of landcover impacts on the groundwater quality using hydrogeochemical and geospatial techniques.

Groundwater quality is influenced by urbanization and land use land cover (LULC) changes. This study investigated their impact on groundwater quality in Quetta City, Pakistan, from 2015 to 2021. About 58 groundwater samples from monitoring wells were analyzed using hydrogeochemical and statistical methods.

Natural and anthropogenic factors regulating fluoride enrichment in groundwater of the Nansi Lake Basin, Northern China.

Excess fluoride (F) in groundwater can be hazardous to human health of local residents who rely upon it. Beside natural sources, anthropogenic input may be an additional source to be considered. Twenty surface water and 396 groundwater samples were collected from the Nansi Lake Basin, with hydrogeochemical and isotope techniques employed to clarify the spatial variability, source, and the natural and anthropogenic factors regulating the occurrence of high F groundwater.

Formosanin C suppresses cancer cell proliferation and migration by impeding autophagy machinery.

Formosanin C (FC) is a natural compound extracted from Paris formosana Hayata with anticancer activity. FC induces both autophagy and apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. FC-induced depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) may trigger mitophagy.

Groundwater fluoride and nitrate contamination and associated human health risk assessment in South Punjab, Pakistan.

Consumption of high fluoride (F) and nitrate (NO) containing water may pose serious health hazards. One hundred sixty-one groundwater samples were collected from drinking wells in Khushab district, Punjab Province, Pakistan, to determine the causes of elevated F and NO concentrations, and to estimate the human health risks posed by groundwater contamination. The results showed pH of the groundwater samples ranged from slightly neutral to alkaline, and Na and HCO ions dominated the groundwater.

Origin and Enrichment Mechanisms of Salinity and Fluoride in Sedimentary Aquifers of Datong Basin, Northern China.

The exposure of inhabitants to high fluoride and saline groundwater is the main health issue in Datong Basin, Northern China. This study aims to elucidate the spatial distribution and the mechanisms of high fluoride and salinity occurrence in the shallow sedimentary aquifers of the Datong Basin. Groundwater salinity and fluoride content, and their association with measured hydrochemical parameters, were conducted using multivariate statistical analyses.