All-in-one neuromorphic hardware with 2D material technology: current status and future perspective.

The exponential growth of data in the era of big data has led to a surging demand for computing power that outpaces the current pace of expansion in traditional computing architectures. Non-von Neumann architectures have emerged as a promising approach to address this challenge. Concurrently, two-dimensional (2D) materials have garnered significant attention due to their unique properties, including high carrier mobility, excellent physical responsivity (to photons, gases, tactile stimuli, ), and the potential for integration with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology.

A novel P450 enzyme assay utilizing an NADP-based biosensor.

Purpose: High-throughput screening methods for cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s), such as colorimetric, mass spectrometric, and fluorescence-based assays, often face limitations in throughput, real-time monitoring, and versatility.

Methods: To address these challenges, we developed a novel biosensor leveraging glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation for real-time monitoring of intracellular NADP levels, enabling P450 activity detection. The sensor was applied to monitor P450 activity by tracking intracellular NADP dynamics, as P450s catalyze diverse substrate reactions and convert NADPH to NADP via their electron transport system.

Self-rectifying memristors with high rectification ratio for attack-resilient autonomous driving systems.

With the rise of big data and the Internet of Things, smart devices, especially autonomous driving systems, have become prime targets for information leakage and cyberattacks. This study presents the design and fabrication of a self-rectifying memristor utilizing a TiN/HfO/Pt structure to enhance the security and reliability of autopilot systems. Following rapid thermal annealing treatment, the self-rectifying memristor demonstrates a recorded rectification ratio exceeding 10 and a nonlinearity of over 10, coupled with minimal device-to-device (3.

Development and validation of a deep learning algorithm for discriminating glioma recurrence from radiation necrosis on MRI.

Purpose: Accurate differentiation between glioma recurrence and radiation necrosis is critical for the management of patients suspected of glioma recurrence following radiation therapy. This study aims to develop a deep learning-based methodology for automated discrimination between glioma recurrence and radiation necrosis using routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.

Method: We retrospectively investigated 234 patients who underwent radiotherapy after glioma resection and presented with suspected recurrent lesions during follow-up MRI examinations.

Surface Half-Metallicity and Electronic Structure Evolution in A-Type Antiferromagnet EuInP.

EuInP, an A-type antiferromagnet, presents a compelling platform for exploring half-metallicity due to its layered structure and contrasting intra/interlayer magnetic ordering. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and density functional theory (DFT), we investigate the electronic structure evolution across its magnetic transition. Below , ARPES reveals a Fermi level band splitting, indicative of a surface ferromagnetic exchange interaction.

Surface plasmon resonance biosensor chips: Fabrications and pharmaceutical applications.

Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensors have emerged as powerful analytical tools for label-free, real-time monitoring of biomolecular interactions in pharmaceutical research. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in SPR biosensor technology, with an emphasis on novel surface modification strategies, immobilization chemistries, and nanomaterial integration. Unlike previous reviews, this work systematically compares the performance of various SPR chip designs- such as self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), carboxymethylated dextran (CMD), and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)-functionalized platforms, highlighting their advantages and limitations in sensitivity, specificity, and reusability.

MeJA and Post-Harvest Storage of Fruits and Vegetables and Metabolite Synthesis in Plants.

Post-harvest diseases can lead to quality loss, energy decline, and shortened storage periods for fruits and vegetables. Numerous studies have shown that methyl jasmonate (MeJA) can be active in various growth and development pathways in plants, especially in the post-harvest storage and metabolite synthesis of fruits and vegetables. The core transcription factor MYC2 of JA can also participate in MeJA-mediated reactions to regulate plant activities.

Regulatory role of exogenous 24-epibrassinolide on tomato fruit quality.

Background: Brassinosteroids (BRs) are known to regulate fruit development, ripening, and metabolic processes in plants. In this study, the impact of exogenous 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) on tomato fruit quality was examined using 'Micro-Tom' tomatoes.

Results: Treatments included control (CK), EBR, and brassinazole (Brz, BR biosynthesis inhibitor).

Engineering Compartmentalization and Cofactor Regulation for 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic Acid Biosynthesis in .

10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a bioactive component of royal jelly, exhibits significant pharmacological value in various applications. To date, its biosynthesis has been reported exclusively in endotoxin-prone , which limits its biomedical utility. In this study, we successfully engineered the Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) yeast as a biosynthetic platform for producing 10-HDA, thereby addressing the limitations associated with systems.

[Serum proteomics and machine learning unveil new diagnostic biomarkers for tuberculosis in adolescents and young adults].

Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) are one of the major populations susceptible to tuberculosis. However, little is known about the unique characteristics and diagnostic biomarkers of tuberculosis in this population. In this study, 81 AYAs were recruited, and the high-quality serum proteome of the AYAs with tuberculosis was profiled by quantitative proteomics.

Test-Retest Reliability of ERP and Auditory Steady State Response in Patients With Disorders of Consciousness.

To identify the optimal auditory evoked strategy for assessing the level of consciousness in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) based on event related potentials (ERP) and amplitude modulation auditory steady state response (ASSR) and its test-retest reliability, this study conducted calling names and pure tone ERP evocations, as well as amplitude-modulated ASSR evocations with 440 Hz, 1000 Hz, and 2000 Hz carrier frequencies, in recruited prolonged DoC patients. The results showed that the MMN amplitude (P<0.05) and P300 (P<0.

Effects of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on Brain Swelling in Thrombolyzed Acute Ischemic Stroke: The ENCHANTED Results.

Background: Cerebral swelling in relation to cytotoxic edema is a predictor of poor outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and elevated blood pressure (BP) promotes its development. Whether intensive BP-lowering treatment reduces cerebral swelling is uncertain. We aimed to determine whether intensive BP lowering reduces the severity of cerebral swelling after thrombolysis for AIS.

Clinically applicable semi-supervised learning framework for multiple organs at risk and tumor delineation in lung cancer brachytherapy.

Purpose: The generalization ability of deep learning-based automatic segmentation techniques for lung cancer in practical clinical applications remains under-validated. We reported an investigation that validated a robust semi-supervised conditional nnU-Net (SSC-nnUNet) model in multiple organs at risk (OARs) and tumor segmentation in lung cancer brachytherapy, also explored its potential in robot-assisted puncture diagnosis and treatment.

Materials And Methods: Six hundred seventy-four patients with CT data from four partially labeled datasets were divided into training and validation sets at a ratio of 4:1, 181 patients from multiple centers (private dataset) with fully annotated data provided by 3 experienced radiation experts were used for testing comparison.

Identification and functional characterization of MYB genes regulating polyphenol biosynthesis in cabbage for resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) is a vital leafy vegetable, but its production is frequently impacted by Xanthomonas campestris pv.

Enhancing IoT security with threshold switching-based unified security primitives.

In the era of big data and Internet of Things (IoT), the surge in data volume and widespread interconnectivity of devices make hardware a key node in a vast network ecosystem. Developing state-of-the-art secure IoT hardware is necessary and critical. In this paper, we successfully realized a unified security hardware integrating Physically unclonable function (PUF) and true random number generator (TRNG) functions by constructing a 32× 32 1T1R array based on threshold switching (TS) memristor cells.

A review of the interaction mechanisms between jasmonic acid (JA) and various plant hormones, as well as the core regulatory role of MYC2.

Jasmonic acid (JA), as a defensive plant hormone, can synergistically or antagonistically interact with common hormones such as gibberellin (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic hormone acid (IAA), and ethylene (ETH) during the plant growth process, as well as interact with hormones such as melatonin (MT), brassinolide (BR), and resveratrol to regulate plant growth and development processes such as metabolite synthesis, pest and disease defense, and organ growth. The core regulatory factor MYC2 of JA mainly mediates the signal transduction pathways of these hormone interactions by interacting with other genes or regulating transcription. This article reviews the mechanism of cross-talk between JA and hormones such as ABA, GA, and salicylic acid (SA), and discusses the role of MYC2 in hormone interactions.

Development and validation of a risk stratification model for stroke recurrence after acute ischemic stroke in young adults: A nomogram-based, multicenter retrospective study.

Objective: The prevalence of ischemic stroke in young adults has increased dramatically. However, factors associated with prognosis in this cohort have not been well studied. This study primary aimed to construct and validate a nomogram for predicting stroke recurrence and to achieve risk stratification of young adults after acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Metaplasticity-Enabled Graphene Quantum Dot Devices for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Artificial Neural Networks.

The limitations of deep neural networks in continuous learning stem from oversimplifying the complexities of biological neural circuits, often neglecting the dynamic balance between memory stability and learning plasticity. In this study, artificial synaptic devices enhanced with graphene quantum dots (GQDs) that exhibit metaplasticity is introduced, a higher-order form of synaptic plasticity that facilitates the dynamic regulation of memory and learning processes similar to those observed in biological systems. The GQDs-assisted devices utilize interface-mediated modifications in asymmetric conductive pathways, replicating classical synaptic plasticity mechanisms.

[Impact of Change in Meteorological Conditions on PM Air Quality Improvement in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region Using Process Analysis].

The air quality has significantly improved since the implementation of the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan in 2013. The effect of meteorological conditions on air quality improvement is complex, including affecting the emission, transport, diffusion, chemical transformation, and other processes of air pollutants. Based on the WRF-CMAQ model and process analysis （PA） tool, this study evaluates the impact of meteorological factor changes on the improvement of PM concentration in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region from 2013 to 2020 and further analyzes the role of meteorological conditions on the diffusion, transport, and transformation of atmospheric pollutants.

Self-Rectifying Memristor-Based Reservoir Computing for Real-Time Intrusion Detection in Cybersecurity.

The increasing sophistication of cybersecurity threats, driven by the proliferation of big data and the Internet of Things (IoT), necessitates the development of advanced real-time intrusion detection systems (IDSs). In this study, we present a novel approach that integrates NiO-doped WO/ZnO bilayer self-rectifying memristors (SRMs) within a reservoir computing (RC) framework for IDS applications. The proposed crossbar array architecture exploits the exceptional dynamic properties of SRMs, achieving a classification accuracy of 93.

A longitudinal multimodal MRI study of the visual network in postoperative delirium.

Although structural and functional damage to the brain is considered to be an important neurobiological mechanism of postoperative delirium (POD), alterations in the visual cortical network related to this vulnerability have not yet been determined. In this study, we investigated the impact of alterations in the visual network (VN), as measured by structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), on the development of POD. Thirty-six adult patients with frontal glioma who underwent elective craniotomy were recruited.

Understanding Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Substrate Inhibition and Prospects for Elimination Strategies.

Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes, which are widely distributed and pivotal in various biochemical reactions, catalyze diverse processes such as hydroxylation, epoxidation, dehydrogenation, dealkylation, nitrification, and bond formation. These enzymes have been applied in drug metabolism, antibiotic production, bioremediation, and fine chemical synthesis. Recent research revealed that CYP450 catalytic kinetics deviated from the classic Michaelis-Menten model.