Melatonin Prevents the Progression of MASLD via Inhibiting FFAs-Induced Ferroptosis through KEAP1/NRF2/HO-1 Pathway.

The accumulation of free fatty acids (FFAs) in hepatocytes is a key characteristic of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which leads to lipid peroxidation and ultimately results in ferroptosis. Currently, there is an absence of efficacious therapeutic options available for the management of MASLD. Consequently, an in-depth exploration of the roles of FFAs and ferroptosis in the progression of MASLD may reveal hitherto unidentified therapeutic targets.

Simultaneous and ultrasensitive detection of three dihydroxybenzene isomers based on 3D chain structure-modified MOF electrochemical sensors.

To prevent phenolic compounds from threatening ecological environment safety and human health, the development of rapid and sensitive methods is vital. Herein, a novel Ketjen black (KB) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)- multifunctionalized metal-organic framework nanocomposite (ZIF-67/KB-MWCNTs) was synthesized, which was used for the modification of bare electrode (GCE), achieving simultaneous and ultrasensitive detection of hydroquinone (HQ), catechol (CC), and resorcinol (RS) in environmental water. The proposed electrochemical sensor (ECS) was constructed based on the synergistic effect of ZIF-67 with an ultra-large specific area and KB-MWCNTs with 3D chain structure and high conductivity resulted in both high electrocatalysis and fast electron transfer.

Surface Tip Effects Enhanced Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers.

IrO is widely used as a benchmarking anode catalyst in a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) but suffers from insufficient activity. We report an urchin-like IrRuO catalyst synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method, which exhibits impressive oxygen evolution reaction activity and stability. In a PEMWE device, it achieves a current density of 6.

Gastrodin reduces myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via transgelin2/CNPase-mediated apoptosis regulation.

Background: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) frequently occurs during rapid restoration of blood flow in the infarcted myocardium. While Gastrodin (GAS) mitigates MIRI, its mechanism requires further exploration.

Methods: We evaluated GAS effect in SD rats following 45-min left coronary artery ligation and reperfusion.

Pyridine Nitrogen Decorated Carbon Support for High-Performance Seawater Electrolyte-Based Zinc-Air Battery.

Developing high specific energy seawater electrolyte-based zinc-air batteries (SZABs) is crucial for marine energy supply systems. However, their widespread application is restricted by the slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics coupled with the poisoning of adsorbed Cl in seawater electrolyte. Herein, we design a pyridinic nitrogen-modified carbon-supported Fe single-atom catalyst [Fe-SAC/NC(Py)] to achieve exceptional ORR performance in seawater electrolytes.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A New Hope for Individualised Treatment with Venetoclax.

B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) plays a key role in regulating apoptosis. Venetoclax (VEN), a BCL-2 inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of a variety of haematologic malignancies. VEN is primarily metabolized by CYP3A, and a variety of factors (such as CYP3A inhibitors, as well as food and hepatic functions) have been reported to significantly influence the metabolic process.

Oxygen-Coordinated Cr Single-Atom Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.

Carbon-supported metal single-atom catalysts (M-SACs) are promising oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts. Their ORR activity and selectivity are significantly affected by the heteroatoms that coordinate the central metal atoms. Previous reports found that oxygen-coordinated M-SACs promoted a 2e ORR rather than the 4e ORR that is more desirable for fuel cells.

Hydrogen production from seawater electrolysis.

The world's energy landscape is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by the urgent need to address the climate issues and growing sustainable energy demand. Hydrogen can be produced from renewable sources and may play a crucial role in the zero-carbon economy, which is regarded as a promising alternative to fossil fuels. Currently, hydrogen production water electrolysis still relies on high-purity water, while seawater electrolysis benefits from the abundance of seawater, which can be particularly beneficial for water-scarce countries, and deep-sea applications, such as floating platforms or islands.

Phosphorus Metabolism-Related Genes Serve as Novel Biomarkers for Predicting Prognosis in Bladder Cancer: A Bioinformatics Analysis.

Background: Phosphorus metabolism might be associated with tumor initiation and progression. We aimed to screen out the phosphorus metabolism genes related to bladder cancer and construct a clinical prognosis model.

Methods: The dataset used for the analysis was obtained from TCGA database.

Synergic Effect of N and Se Facilitates Photoelectric Performance in Co-Hyperdoped Silicon.

Femtosecond-laser-fabricated black silicon has been widely used in the fields of solar cells, photodetectors, semiconductor devices, optical coatings, and quantum computing. However, the responsive spectral range limits its application in the near- to mid-infrared wavelengths. To further increase the optical responsivity in longer wavelengths, in this work, silicon (Si) was co-hyperdoped with nitrogen (N) and selenium (Se) through the deposition of Se films on Si followed by femtosecond (fs)-laser irradiation in an atmosphere of NF.

Alcohol promotes hepatocyte injury via ER stress sensor XBP1s mediated regulation of autophagy and lysosomal activity.

Objective: Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays an important role in the development of Alcoholic liver injury (ALI), but the exact mechanism needs further exploration. This study aims to investigate the role of ERS-XBP1s in ALI, and providing new target for the treatment of liver injury.

Method: The ALI model was constructed using the NIAAA method and was validated by several methods.

Precise Synthesis of Dual-Single-Atom Electrocatalysts through Pre-Coordination-Directed in Situ Confinement for CO Reduction.

Dual-single-atom catalysts (DSACs) are the next paradigm shift in single-atom catalysts because of the enhanced performance brought about by the synergistic effects between adjacent bimetallic pairs. However, there are few methods for synthesizing DSACs with precise bimetallic structures. Herein, a pre-coordination strategy is proposed to precisely synthesize a library of DSACs.

Simultaneous Inhibition of Vanadium Dissolution and Zinc Dendrites by Mineral-Derived Solid-State Electrolyte for High-Performance Zinc Metal Batteries.

Designing solid electrolyte is deemed as an effective approach to suppress the side reaction of zinc anode and active material dissolution of cathodes in liquid electrolytes for zinc metal batteries (ZMBs). Herein, kaolin is comprehensively investigated as raw material to prepare solid electrolyte (KL-Zn) for ZMBs. As demonstrated, KL-Zn electrolyte is an excellent electronic insulator and zinc ionic conductor, which presents wide voltage window of 2.

siRNA-loaded folic acid-modified TPGS alleviate MASH targeting ER stress sensor XBP1 and reprogramming macrophages.

Macrophages show high plasticity and play a vital role in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), a key sensor of the unfolded protein response, can modulate macrophage-mediated pro-inflammatory responses in the pathogenesis of MASH. However, how XBP1 influences macrophage plasticity and promotes MASH progression remains unclear.

Mullite Mineral-Derived Robust Solid Electrolyte Enables Polyiodide Shuttle-Free Zinc-Iodine Batteries.

Zinc dendrite, active iodine dissolution, and polyiodide shuttle caused by the strong interaction between liquid electrolyte and solid electrode are the chief culprits for the capacity attenuation of aqueous zinc-iodine batteries (ZIBs). Herein, mullite is adopted as raw material to prepare Zn-based solid-state electrolyte (Zn-ML) for ZIBs through zinc ion exchange strategy. Owing to the merits of low electronic conductivity, low zinc diffusion energy barrier, and strong polyiodide adsorption capability, Zn-ML electrolyte can effectively isolate the redox reactions of zinc anode and AC@I cathode, guide the reversible zinc deposition behavior, and inhibit the active iodine dissolution as well as polyiodide shuttle during cycling process.

Inorganic Electrolyte Additive Promoting the Interfacial Stability for Durable Zn-Ion Batteries.

The development of Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs) is always hindered by the ruleless interface reactions between the solid electrode and liquid electrolyte, and seeking appropriate electrolyte additives is considered as a valid approach to stabilize the electrode/electrolyte interphases for high-performance ZIBs. Benefiting from the unique solubility of TiOSO in acidic solution, the composite electrolyte of 2 m ZnSO+30 mm TiOSO (ZSO/TSO) is configured and its positive contribution to Zn//Zn cells, Zn//Cu cells, and Zn//NHVO batteries are comprehensively investigated by electrochemical tests and theoretical calculations. Based on the theoretical calculations, the introduction of TiOSO contributes to facilitating the desolvation kinetics of Zn ions and guarantees the stable interface reactions of both zinc anode and NHVO cathode.

Individualized medication of venetoclax based on therapeutic drug monitoring in Chinese acute myeloid leukemia patients using an HPLC method.

Objective: The aim of this study was to establish a simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography method for therapeutic drug monitoring of venetoclax (VEN) and optimize regimens.

Methods: The analysis required the extraction of a 50 μl plasma sample and the precipitation of proteins using acetonitrile extraction. The chromatographic method employed a mobile phase of acetonitrile: 0.

One-step solvent thermal synthesis of 3D networked MOF composites for preparation of an ultrasensitive chemosensor for hydroquinone and catechol.

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have a significant impact on the environment and human health, due to their sometimes toxic and carcinogenic characteristics. Therefore, an innovative chemosensor was constructed for ultrasensitive determination of two typical PCCPs (hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CC)) in several minutes. The homemade chemosensor (UiO-67@GO/MWCNTs) consisted of MOF(UiO-67), graphene oxide (GO), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites; it was a networked, structurally sparse, porosity-rich, homogeneous octahedral composite, and had ultra-high electrical conductivity, which provided lots of active adsorption sites, promote charge transfer, and enrich lots of molecules to be measured in a few minutes.

An artificial intelligence model for detecting pathological lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer using whole slide images: a retrospective, multicentre, diagnostic study.

Background: The pathological examination of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is crucial for treating prostate cancer (PCa). However, the limitations with naked-eye detection and pathologist workload contribute to a high missed-diagnosis rate for nodal micrometastasis. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based, time-efficient, and high-precision PCa LNM detector (ProCaLNMD) and evaluate its clinical application value.

Regulating Au coverage for the direct oxidation of methane to methanol.

The direct oxidation of methane to methanol under mild conditions is challenging owing to its inadequate activity and low selectivity. A key objective is improving the selective oxidation of the first carbon-hydrogen bond of methane, while inhibiting the oxidation of the remaining carbon-hydrogen bonds to ensure high yield and selectivity of methanol. Here we design ultrathin PdAu nanosheets and revealed a volcano-type relationship between the binding strength of hydroxyl radical on the catalyst surface and catalytic performance using experimental and density functional theory results.

Multimetallic Single-Atom Catalysts for Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis.

Multimetallic alloys have demonstrated promising performance for the application of metal-air batteries, while it remains a challenge to design multimetallic single-atom catalysts (MM-SACs). Herein, metal-CN and nitrogen-doped carbon are employed as cornerstones to synthesize MM-SACs by a general two-step method, and the inherent features of atomic dispersion and the strong electronic reciprocity between the multimetallic sites have been verified. The trimetallic FeCoZn-SACs and quatermetallic FeCoCuZn-SACs are both found to deliver superior oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reaction activity, respectively, as well as outstanding bifunctional durability.

Understanding the Bifunctional Trends of Fe-Based Binary Single-Atom Catalysts.

Binary single-atom catalysts (BSACs) have demonstrated fascinating activities compared to single atom catalysts (SACs) for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Notably, Fe SACs is one of the most promising ORR electrocatalysts, and further revealing the synergistic effects between Fe and other 3d transition metals (M) for FeM BSACs are very important to enhance bifunctional performance. Herein, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are first adapted to demonstrate the role of various transition metals on the bifunctional activity of Fe sites, and a notable volcano relationship is established through the generally accepted adsorption free energy that ΔG for ORR, and ΔG -ΔG for OER, respectively.