JMJ720 encodes an H3K9me2 demethylase that regulates grain size in rice.

Grain size is a crucial determinant of rice yield, yet the molecular mechanisms controlling this trait remain only partially understood. Here, we identified the JMJ720 locus as a key regulator of grain size through map-based cloning. The jmj720 mutant was found to exhibit significantly larger grains when compared to the wild type (WT).

Thermochromic Hydrogel Smart Window for Iron-Chromium Flow Batteries: Dual Band Modulation and Efficient Energy Storage.

This study introduces the HydroTherm-Flow Smart Window (HTF Window), the first groundbreaking integration of thermochromic windows and Fe-Cr redox flow batteries (Fe-Cr RFBs), achieving dual functionalities of dynamic solar modulation-via dual-band (visible + near-infrared, NIR) modulation-and high-efficiency energy storage in a single component. Leveraging tunable hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) hydrogels, it enables ultrafast optical switching and autonomous nighttime opacity, overcoming the slow response and privacy limitations of conventional thermochromic systems. By repurposing the window as a compact electrolyte reservoir, it reduces the RFB spatial footprint while enhancing ionic conductivity by 30% via hydrogel "ion highways," achieving 77% energy efficiency with a 40% reduction in the solar heat gain coefficient.

Photonic terahertz phased array via selective excitation of nonlinear Pancharatnam-Berry elements.

Phased arrays are crucial in various technologies, such as radar and wireless communications, due to their ability to precisely control and steer electromagnetic waves. This precise control improves signal processing and enhances imaging performance. However, extending phased arrays to the terahertz (THz) frequency range has proven challenging, especially for high-frequency operation, broadband performance, two-dimensional (2D) phase control with large antenna arrays, and flexible phase modulation.

Da Vinci Xi robot -assisted subxiphoid resection of thymoma and reconstruction of the left brachiocephalic vein: A case report.

Background: Thymomas are the most common anterior mediastinal malignancies, typically requiring surgical resection. While median sternotomy has been the traditional approach, robotic-assisted thymectomy using the Da Vinci Xi system is reshaping minimally invasive surgery. Its 12× magnification, 3D visualization, and articulating instruments with tremor suppression allow precise dissection in anatomically constrained areas, particularly in tumors with vascular invasion, compared with the more aggressive classical approach.

An efficient detection method for camel milk quality based on dielectric spectroscopy technology.

To address the long-standing dual challenges in the camel milk industry, namely, the difficulty in identifying adulteration and the severe lag in nutritional component detection, this study analyzed the variation patterns of the dielectric constant (ε') and dielectric loss factor (ε") of camel milk fat, protein, and lactose. Based on the dielectric spectrum, detection models were constructed using partial least squares (PLS), convolutional neural network (CNN), long short-term memory network (LSTM), CNN-LSTM, and an optimized CNN-LSTM fused with the crested porcupine optimizer (CPO) and squeeze-and-excitation network (CPO-CNN-LSTM-SEN) for camel milk quality detection. The results indicate that across the 0.

Additive manufacturing of planar waveguides for terahertz applications.

The emerging planar photonic crystal (PC) and effective medium (EM) waveguides are considered promising technical platforms for terahertz communications. Beyond short-scale connections and various signal processing functionalities, versatile terahertz on-chip systems could be achievable by their physical integration; however, the inefficient coupling poses challenges. In this work, we propose an interface design between planar PC and EM waveguides with minimal insertion loss.

Recovery of organic nutrients by Chlorella sorokiniana CMBB276 under various light qualities in aquaculture wastewater.

Light quality plays a crucial role in biomass production, biochemical composition, and nutrient removal efficiency in microalgae-based wastewater treatment systems. However, its effects in organic aquaculture wastewater systems remain underexplored. This study investigated the responses of Chlorella sorokiniana CMBB276 to six light qualities (red, blue, white, mixed, red-to-blue, and red-to-mixed) in a system where dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and phosphorus (DOP) accounted for 83.

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance in Single-Atom AuCu Alloy Promotes Asymmetrical C─C Coupling for CO Photoreduction to Ethanol.

The photocatalytic conversion of CO and pure HO to ethanol has been challenged by low light utilization and sluggish C─C coupling kinetics. Here, single-atom AuCu alloys are synthesized with enhanced localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects. A strong chemical interaction is probed as electron transfer from the atomic Au site to the adjacent Cu host, giving rise to electron rearrangement and an upshift of the d band center toward the Fermi level of Cu nanoparticles.

An H3K9me2 demethylase encoded by Jumonji C domain-containing DT2 regulates drought tolerance in rice.

Drought is a major environmental stress limiting global rice (Oryza sativa) production, emphasizing the vital requirement for understanding the genetic basis of drought tolerance. Here, we identified a Jumonji C (JmjC) domain-containing gene, DROUGHT TOLERANCE 2 (DT2), which encodes an H3K9me2 demethylase that regulates drought tolerance in rice. DT2 reduces the H3K9me2 methylation level at the bZIP transcription factor OsZIP26, thereby increasing its expression.

NITRATE TRANSPORTER1/PEPTIDE TRANSPORTER FAMILY4 interacts with DENSE AND ERECT PANICLE1 and regulates grain number in rice.

The grain number per panicle is a key agronomic trait of ideal plant architecture in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Here, we characterized and cloned OsNPF4, a member of the NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1/PEPTIDE TRANSPORTER (NPF) family that substantially alters rice yield.

Directly printed standing ceramic circuit boards for rapid prototyping of miniaturization and high-power of electronics.

Ceramic circuit boards (CCBs) have been extensively utilized in 5G communications, aerospace, and artificial intelligence due to their excellent thermal conductivity and electrical performance. However, due to the limitation of manufacturing technologies, the existing CCBs can not take into account both the resolution and thickness, which restricts the miniaturization and high power of the resulting electronics. Herein, we report a standing-CCBs (S-CCBs) with both high-resolution and high aspect-ratio fabricated via sacrificial coating-assisted micro-3D printing.

Bonding and Adhesion Mechanisms for Laser Transmission Welding of Thermoplastic Polymers in Liquid Flow Batteries.

Adhesion and bonding are critical to the success of polymer composites, particularly in the sealing processes of redox flow batteries, where laser transmission welding technology for plastics is beginning to gain traction. However, the key factors influencing welding and microscale bonding mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this article, we systematically analyzed the optimal process parameters and patterns for laser welding of polypropylene (PP) plastics using orthogonal experiments and investigated the interfacial bonding mechanisms through morphology analysis and fracture force testing.

An integrated transcriptomic cell atlas of human endoderm-derived organoids.

Human pluripotent stem cells and tissue-resident fetal and adult stem cells can generate epithelial tissues of endodermal origin in vitro that recapitulate aspects of developing and adult human physiology. Here, we integrate single-cell transcriptomes from 218 samples covering organoids and other models of diverse endoderm-derived tissues to establish an initial version of a human endoderm-derived organoid cell atlas. The integration includes nearly one million cells across diverse conditions, data sources and protocols.

Nonlinear Metasurfaces for Completed Control of Amplitude, Phase, and Polarization in Broadband Terahertz Generation.

Terahertz (THz) generation is a crucial initial step in THz applications. However, the current THz sources face challenges in fully controlling the propagation properties of generated THz waves without the use of external devices. This limitation leads to bulky systems with unavoidable insertion losses and bandwidth constraints.

Deep learning-based recognition model of football player's technical action behavior using PCA-LBP algorithm.

Football is a sport that requires sportsmen to have both physical strength and physical features. It must consider the distinctions between individuals and then provide targeted training. Football players can perform better on the field with targeted scientific training, but scientific training is based on identifying football players' technical actions and behaviors.

Predicting the spatial pattern of land use change and carbon storage in Xinjiang: A Markov-FLUS-InVEST model approach.

Land-use changes significantly influence carbon storage capacity by altering the structure, layout, and function of terrestrial ecosystems. Predicting the relationship between future land-use changes and carbon storage is essential for optimizing land-use patterns and making rational, ecology-based decisions. Using multi-period land-use data from Xinjiang, we analyzed the spatial pattern of carbon storage.

Discovery of novel pyridine skeleton derivatives as potent CLK2/3 inhibitors.

The CLK family plays a crucial role in regulating the transcript splicing, catalyzing the molecular mechanism of spliceosomes. It also regulates the activity or expression of non-spliced proteins by phosphorylating SR proteins. Hence, CLKs are promising therapeutic targets for a variety of diseases, especially in tumors.

Comprehensive identification of a migrasomes-associated long non-coding RNA signature to predict the prognosis and treatment options in colon adenocarcinoma.

Background: Migrasomes, recently discovered cellular substructures, may play a crucial role in cancer progression, treatment response, and prognosis. However, the prognostic value of migrasome-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains unexplored.

Methods: RNA-seq data from 459 COAD patients, including clinical characteristics and outcome information, were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas.

Epigenetic regulation of ISPL10 enhances regional adaptability of rice varieties.

Suppressing the heading date of rice under short-day (SD) conditions while promoting it under long-day (LD) conditions can significantly enhance the regional adaptability of rice varieties. However, rice germplasm resources with these traits are scarce. In this study, we report the Jumonji C (jmjC) protein-encoding gene ISPL10.

Survival advantage of radiotherapy and nomogram for patients with pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms: a propensity score-matched Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database study.

Background: The standard treatment for pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) is surgery in the early stage and is generally determined according to the histologic type and stage. Radiotherapy (RT) is a treatment option for locally advanced or unresectable lung cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of RT in patients with pNENs using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Mechanosensing of Stimuli Changes with Magnetically Gated Adaptive Sensitivity.

Inspired by biological sensors that characteristically adapt to varying stimulus ranges, efficiently detecting stimulus changes sooner than the absolute stimulus values, we propose a mechanosensing concept in which the resolution can be adapted by magnetic field () gating to detect small pressure-changes under a wide range of compressive stimuli. This is realized with resistive sensing by pillared -driven assemblies of soft ferromagnetic electrically conducting particles between planar electrodes under a voltage bias. By modulation of , the pillars respond with mechanically adaptable sensitivity.

Precise genome editing of Dense and Erect Panicle 1 promotes rice sheath blight resistance and yield production in japonica rice.

The primary goals of crop breeding are to enhance yield and improve disease resistance. However, the "trade-off" mechanism, in which signalling pathways for resistance and yield are antagonistically regulated, poses challenges for achieving both simultaneously. Previously, we demonstrated that knock-out mutants of the Dense and Erect Panicle 1 (DEP1) gene can significantly enhance rice resistance to sheath blight (ShB), and we mapped DEP1's association with panicle length.

CYP75B4-Mediated Tricin and Lignin Accumulation Improve Salt Tolerance in Rice.

Salt stress limits plant growth and agricultural productivity and plants have evolved suitable mechanisms to adapt to salinity environments. It is important to characterize genes involved in plant salt tolerance, which will advance our understanding of mechanisms mediating salt tolerance and help researchers design ways to improve crop performances under high salinity environments. Here, we reported a CYP450 family member, CYP75B4, improves salt tolerance of rice seedlings by inducing flavonoid tricin and cell wall lignin accumulation.

Upregulated LIMD1 alleviates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy via inhibits YAP1/AKT/GSK3β signaling.

Objectives: Pathological cardiac hypertrophy plays a significant role in the development and progression of heart failure (HF). LIM Domain Containing 1 (LIMD1) serves as a crucial regulatory factor in protein-protein interactions during cellular signal transduction. This study aims to investigate the specific roles and mechanisms of LIMD1 in pathological cardiac remodeling.

Bioinspired Smart Triboelectric Soft Pneumatic Actuator-Enabled Hand Rehabilitation Robot.

Quantitative assessment for post-stroke spasticity remains a significant challenge due to the encountered variable resistance during passive stretching, which can lead to the widely used modified Ashworth scale (MAS) for spasticity assessment depending heavily on rehabilitation physicians. To address these challenges, a high-force-output triboelectric soft pneumatic actuator (TENG-SPA) inspired by a lobster tail is developed. The bioinspired TENG-SPA can generate approximately 20 N at 0.